Amaphesenti angaba ngu-4 emibhangqwana enezinsizakalo eziphindaphindiwe zinezinkinga ze- chromosome kumzali oyedwa noma bobabili abangakwazi ukuphindaphinda esikhathini esizayo sokukhulelwa, ngakho-ke abanye odokotela basikisela ukuhlolwa karyotype kwabazali njengengxenye yokuphenya imbangela.
Izinkinga ze-Chromosome zibangela ingxenye engaphezu kwesigamu sawo wonke amaphutha . Ezimweni eziningi, izinkinga ziphakama phakathi nokwakhiwa kwesidoda noma iqanda futhi azizuze njengefa kubazali, ngakho-ke ukuhlukumeza kwakho okulandelayo ngeke kube nomphumela ofanayo.
Yini i-Karyotype Test?
Isivivinyo se-karyotype akuyona ukuhlolwa okuphelele kuyo yonke into eyaziwa nge-genetic disorder. Esikhundleni salokho, uhlolo luhlola inombolo kanye nesakhiwo se-chromosomes.
Amangqamuzana omuntu kufanele abe nama-chromosomes angu-46 (amabili angu-23), ngakho-ke uhlolo lwe-karyotype lungathola ukuphambuka okuvela kuleso nombolo kanye nokungavamile kokubunjwa kwe-chromosome.
Kusukela ekubuyiseleni kwegazi, udokotela uncoma ukuhlolwa karyotype kwabazali abazoba abazali ukuthola izinkinga eziyimbangela noma izicubu kusukela ekukhulelwe ukuthola izinkinga ezitholakala emntwaneni othile.
I-Karyotypes yabazali kanye noHlelo lokuHlangana nokuHlala
Izinkinga ezisekelwe ngaphansi kwe-chromosome zithinta inombolo encane kakhulu yemibhangqwana enezinsizwa eziphindaphindiwe. Isimo esivame kakhulu kule mibhangqwana i- translocation elinganiselayo , okusho ukuthi izingxenye zama-chromosomes zihlelwa kabusha.
I-karyotype ingase iveze nezinye izinhlobo zokudluliswa komzimba noma isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-chromosomal mosaicism.
Ubani Okufanele Abe Nezivivinyo?
Abanye, kodwa hhayi bonke, odokotela bahlanganisa i-karyotyping yabazali njengesivivinywa esijwayelekile emibhangqwaneni eye yaba nokuhlukunyezwa okuningi. Abanye odokotela basebenzisa lesi sivivinyo kuphela kumibhangqwana enengozi enkulu yokuba nesimo esithinta i-chromosome. Kuvamile ukuhlola abazali bobabili.
Isizathu esikhulu esenza odokotela abaningi bangalandeli ama-karyotypes omzali ngokuvamile ukuthi ngisho noma ukuhlolwa kuthola ukungavamile, akunakwenzeka ngempela ngalokhu ngoba imibhangqwana eminingi enekaryotypes engavamile iyaqhubeka izama.
Ingabe I-IVF Inciphisa Ingozi Yokushada?
Imithi yokwelapha kulezi zimo ukuzama ukufaka umanyolo we-vitro (IVF) nokuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokufakelwa kwezakhi zofuzo zemibungu. Kodwa ukusebenzisa ukungenelela akubonakali ukushintsha imiphumela ephezulu.
I-IVF ingase ijubane nenqubo yokuba nokukhulelwa okuvamile, kanti odokotela abathile bayayisekela ukuyisebenzisa, kodwa IVF nayo ayinqatshelwe imibhangqwana eminingi ngenxa yokuthi:
- iningi
- kubiza
- ngokuvamile engavunyelwe umshuwalense wezempilo
Eqinisweni, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi uma kuqhathaniswa nemibhangqwana esebenzisa i-IVF, imibhangqwana eqhubeka nokuzama ukungenelela inezinkinga ezifanayo (cishe amaphesenti angu-68) ekugcineni ukukhulelwa okujwayelekile.
Ukubaluleka kokuhlolwa kwe-Karyotype
Njengoba kunikezwa ukuthi odokotela bavame ukululeka imibhangqwana enenkinga ye-chromosome eqinisekisiwe yokuqhubeka nokuzama ukukhulelwa ngendlela evamile, ukubaluleka kokuhlolwa kwe-chromosome yabazali kuyabonakala. Noma kunjalo, odokotela abaningi nabazali abazoba khona bayathanda ukuthola ulwazi oluningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
Uma unayo ukuhlolwa futhi uthole imiphumela engavamile, umeluleki wezakhi zofuzo angase akusize uqonde ukuthi ungaphi ukusuka lapha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma imiphumela ejwayelekile, uzokwazi ukuthi ayikho isifo se-chromosome esaziwayo esithinta izinkinga zakho zokukhulelwa okuphumelelayo.
Imithombo:
Stephenson, uMary D. no-Sony Sierra. "Imiphumela yokukhiqiza ekulahlekeni okukhulelwa okuphindaphindiwe okuhlobene nomthengisi womzali we-rearrangement yesakhiwo se-chromosome." Ukukhiqizwa kwabantu ngo- 2006 21 (4): 1076-1082.
Sugiura-Ogasawara, Mayumi noKaoru Suzumori. "Ingabe ukutholakala kwesandulela ngculazi kungaphumelela ekuthuthukiseni izinga lokuphumelela kubalandeli abaphindaphindiwe abanezinhlelo zokudluliselwa kwempahla?" Ukukhiqizwa kwabantu ngo- 2005 20 (12): 3267-3270.
Ukusebenzisa ama-Karyotypes ukubikezela ukukhathazeka kweGenesis. Isikhungo sokufunda iSayensi se-University of Utah Genetic.