Ingabe isayensi yamanje isekela inqubomgomo yokubekezela?
Sekucishe kube yi-rule de facto: awuphuzi ngesikhathi ukhulelwe. Ngakho-ke lo mlayezo ushicilelwe ngokugcwele emphakathini oshiwo umqondo wokuthi ukuphuza utshwala kancane, ngisho naseziqaleni zokukhulelwa, kubeka ingane engozini enkulu yokukhubazeka kokuzalwa.
Kodwa ingabe lokhu kuyiqiniso ngempela? Futhi kuthiwani uma ubengumphuzi - ngisho nesiphuzo esinamandla - ngesikhathi ukhulelwe?
Ingabe umonakalo usuvele usuwenziwe? Ukuphuza ngezikhathi ezithile kuba yisiphi isikhathi sokukhathazeka kwezempilo?
Ukubekezela Kakhulu Emlayezo Wezempilo Yomphakathi
Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuthatha umoya ojulile. Ukukhathazeka komyalezo wezempilo womphakathi, ngenkathi kuhloswe kahle, ngezinye izikhathi kungashiya owesifazane ezwa ukuthi ngisho nokuxoxa ngendaba yokuphuza utshwala nokukhulelwa kuvinjelwe. Lokhu akufanele kube njalo.
Iqiniso liwukuthi ayikho indlela eya lapho umugqa ophakathi kokuphephile nokungaphephile. Yonke inabantu ngabanye ngendlela efanayo impendulo yomuntu kotshwala kakhulu.
Kodwa ake sibeke eceleni umlayezo wezempilo womphakathi okwesikhashana bese sibheka lokho ubufakazi obusanda kusitshela khona.
Ukuphuza ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwasekuseni
Nakuba kuyaziwa ukuthi ukuphuza ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungaholela ekuthuthukiseni i-fetal alcohol syndrome (i-FAS) ngenkathi ukwandisa ingozi yokukhulelwa kwesisu , ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa, nezinye izinkinga zempilo, isiphuzo sesikhathi esithile sibonakala singenalo imiphumela encane phakathi kwe-trimester yokuqala kunezinye angase acabange.
Njengoba isifundo se-2013 esivela eNyuvesi yase-Adelaide saqhathanisa imiphumela yokuzalwa kwabafazi abayizinkulungwane ezinhlanu namakhulu ayisithupha namashumi amabili nesishiyagalolunye eNgilandi, e-Ireland, e-Australia naseNew Zealand abakhulelwe okokuqala phakathi kuka-2004 no-2011. Ngokusetshenziswa kotshwala, abalobi bathole ukuthi:
- Ngaphezulu kwengxenye babike ukuthi baphuze utshwala phakathi no-trimester wokuqala.
- Amaphesenti angamashumi amathathu nesine abike okungenani isiqephu esisodwa se-binge ngesikhathi se-trimester yokuqala.
- Amaphesenti angamashumi amabili nanhlanu athi baphuza iziphuzo ezintathu kuya kweziyisikhombisa ngesonto.
- Amaphesenti angu-19 athi aphethe iziphuzo ezimbili ngesonto.
- Kuyishumi nesishiyagalombili kubikwa ukuthi kuneziphuzo eziyisishiyagalombili kuya kwezingu-14 ngesonto.
- Amaphesenti amahlanu adla ngaphezu kweziphuzo eziyishumi nane ngesonto.
(Isiphuzo sachazwa njengengilazi yewayini noma ngaphansi kwebhodlela lezinyosi eziyishumi nambili.)
Ngokuqhathanisa abahlanganyeli, bobabili abaphuza nabangewona abaphuza, abacwaningi babike ukuthi kwakungekho ukuhlangana phakathi kokuphuza utshwala ngaphambi kwamasonto ayishumi nanhlanu kanye nezinombolo ezimbi ezinganeni. Lokhu kwakuhlanganisa isisindo sokuzalwa esincane, usayizi omncane wokuzalwa, ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa , kanye ne- preeclampsia (isimo esingasongela ukuphila lapho owesifazane okhulelwe eqala ukucindezeleka kwegazi).
Okushiwo yilolu cwaningo aluzange lube ukuthi ukuphuza kubangele yini ukulimala kwengane esingenakukubona, ikakhulukazi ukukhubazeka komsebenzi wengqondo. Futhi yilapho izinto zithola i-fuzzier encane.
Amaphethini Okuphuza Phakathi Nesithathu Yokuqala
Ngokusho kokuhlaziywa okuvela eTexas A & M University Health Science Centre, okwakususa idatha kusukela kokubili kokuhlolwa kwesintu nesilwane, amaphethini okuphuza angase abe yingxenye enkulu kunenkinga yokuthuthukiswa kwengqondo ebuchosheni kunomkhuba wokuphuza uqobo.
Ngisho nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa kokuqala, ukuphuza ngokweqile (okuchazwe ngokuthi kuneziphuzo ezingaphezu kwezingu-4 phakathi namahora amabili) kwandisa ukuhlushwa kwe-alcohol (BAC) okungaphezu kwalokho okuyobonakala kumuntu ophuza ngokweqile. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi ingane ekhulayo iya emazingeni afanayo okuphuza okudalwa yi-hangover kubantu abadala kodwa esiteji lapho ubuchopho bukhula khona futhi bunamandla okuzilungisa.
Ucwaningo lwesikhathi eside kubantu luye lwaqinisekisa ukuthi abantwana besifazane abaphuza ngokweqile banenkinga enkulu yokuzicabangela nokuziphatha uma kuqhathaniswa nezingane zabomama abangaphuzanga ukuphuza.
Nakuba lokhu kungase kusiphakamise ukuthi omama abangabopheki ngokweqile "baphephile" (noma ukuthi omama abaphuza ngokweqile bangaqhubeka bephuza ngaphandle kokunye okunye), ucwaningo lubonisa okuphambene nalokho.
Ngokusho kocwaningo, ukutholakala kokwephuza utshwala kungase kube nomthelela omubi kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ubuchopho obusweni njengokwephuza utshwala phakathi nokukhulelwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphikelela kokuphuza kuhlobene nokukhubazeka okwedlulele ku-trimester yesibili, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwepulasitiki (ikhono lokushintsha nokuthuthukisa) izicubu zobuchopho be-fetal.
Yikuphi Okukonke Okukusitshelayo
Okubalulekile yilokhu: asazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi umugqa uwuphi phakathi kokuphuza okwakamukelekayo nokungamukeleki ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ukuphoqelela izinto ngokuqhubekayo yiqiniso lokuthi umzingcele ungahluka komuntu nomunye, nabanye besifazane abanama-enzyme amaningi adingekayo ukwephula utshwala kunabanye. Kuleli qembu lokugcina, ukuhlushwa kwegazi okwedlule kungase kuphele ukuphakama kakhulu kanye nesiphuzo esisodwa kuphela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukhetho lwesiphuzo ludlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi ingane yakho ivulekile kangakanani noma utshwala obuncane. Kuyinto eyodwa ukuba ube neglasi lewayini noma ubhiya; kungomunye ukudubula kotshwala okungaba nokuphuza utshwala obuphindwe kasikhombisa ngokukhonza.
Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi kufanele ukwesaba uma uphuza futhi ngokuzumayo uzithola ukhulelwe. Izitho eziyinhloko zezingane ngeke ziqale ukukhula kuze kube sekupheleni kwesonto lesithathu lokukhulelwa, zikunike isikhwama esincane ngaphambi kokuba amaseli aqale ukubeka ngokukhethekile futhi akhe amacubu ebuchopho obuchopho. (Sicela uqaphele ukuthi lokhu sekuzungeze isikhathi sokuhlolwa kokukhulelwa kungenziwa uma ulahlekelwe isikhathi sakho.)
Uma unomlando wokuphuza noma ujabulele ukuphuza ngezikhathi zonke njalo, qiniseka nodokotela noma umbelethisi wakho ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwakho kokubeletha . Unganciphisi ukuphuza utshwala wakho noma uthi utshwala ngaphasi kwakho. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma uthola kunzima ukuma noma ukusika. Ukubheka amaqiniso ukujabulisa udokotela wakho noma ukugwema ukucindezeleka ngeke kusize muntu, kuhlanganise nomntanakho.
Ukuthembeka, ngokuphambene, kukuvumela ukuba wenze isahlulelo esinolwazi ngolwazi olugcwele esekelwe hhayi kokwesaba kepha eqinisweni.
> Imithombo
- > Helfer, J .; I-White, E .; kanye noChristie, B. "Ukulahleka Okuthuthukisiwe Kwesikhathi Eside Sokuqala Kwama-Adult Dentate Gyrus ne-Ethanol Eyesibili Eyesithathu Esebenzisa Amandla." PLOS One. 2014; 7 (12): e51344.
- > Maier, S. kanye naseNtshonalanga, J. "Amaphethini okuphuza kanye noHlelo oluhlobene nokuzalwa kotshwala." Utshwala Uhlolo Nezempilo. 2001; 25: 168-174.
- > McCarthy, F .; O'Keeffe, L .; I-Khashan, iS .; futhi al "Ukusebenzisana Phakathi Kokusetshenziswa Kwamafutha Omama Ekukhulelweni Okuqala kanye Nemiphumela Yokukhulelwa." I-Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2013; 122 (4), 830-837