Ukuthuthukiswa Okubalulekile kusukela ebuntwaneni kuya eminyakeni ephakathi
AmaTweens abonisa izinguquko ezihlukahlukene zengqondo, kuhlanganise nokwanda kokucabanga okunengqondo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezingane ezincane, i-logic ye-tweight ithuthukisa ngezindlela ezine eziyinhloko.
Ukubonisana okunengqondo: Ukubonakala Ngaphandle Kuba Okubaluleke Kakhulu
Izingane ezincane ziqala ukuqonda ukuthi izinto nezidalwa zingashintsha ukubukeka kwazo kwangaphandle kodwa zihlale zifanayo. Omunye wabantwana bokuqala kwengqondo yokuthuthukiswa kwengane, uJean Piaget wabonisa ukuthi izingane ezincane azikwazi ukuqonda lokhu.
I-Piaget yathululela uketshezi oluvela emgodini omude, omncane eglasi elincane, elifushane phambi kwamehlo abo, izingane ezincane zazicabanga ukuthi uketshezi lwaba yinto ehlukile ngoba nje ukubonakala kwangaphandle kwamanzi kwakushintsha. Ngesikhathi beseneminyaka eyishumi nambili, izingane ziyakwazi ukuqonda ukuthi inani lamanzi alishintshi.
Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kokucabanga okucacile kucacile kokubili 'ukuqonda izwe elibazungezile. Ngokwesibonelo, ngenkathi izingane ezincane zingase zidideke futhi zithukuthele lapho zibona umuntu ogqoke njengoMickey Mouse onamamitha ayisithupha, abantu ababili bayaqonda ukuthi umuntu uyembethe.
Izingane ezincane zivame ukugxila engxenyeni eyodwa kuphela yenkinga ngesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, bacabanga ukuthi inani lamanzi lishintshile ngoba bebanaka kuphela ukuphakama noma ububanzi beglasi, hhayi kokubili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abantu abangu-13 bangaqonda ukuthi ukuphakama okufishane kukwenziwe ngilazi ekhudlwana, okuhlinzeka ngokulingana kwendawo yonke.
Ikhono lokucabangela izici eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa lidlulisela phambili ngaphezu kwezwe lomzimba. Isibonelo, kuvumela ukuthi abantu abangu-13 bakwazi ukuqonda izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi zomphakathi ezinamathuba amanengi nezingozi. Baqala nokubona ukuthi isenzo somuntu oyedwa noma iqembu singasenza kanjani isenzo esenziwe omunye.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezigaba kuthuthukisa
Njengoba iminyaka ephakathi iqala, izingane ziba namandla ekuhlukaniseni abantu nezinto, enye intuthuko ekucabangeni okunengqondo.
Ngokungafani neminyaka yabo encane, manje sebeqonda kahle ukuthi izinto zingahle zihlanganiswe kanjani njengezindawo. Bayaqaphela nokuthi ama-hierarchies of groupings akhona. Isibonelo, bayazi ukuthi "izilwane" zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu kubandakanya "izilwane ezincelisayo" kanye "nezilwane ezinwabuzelayo," nokuthi lawo maqembu angaphinde aphule abe yizilwane ezincelisayo ezinjengezinja ezinjengezinja nezinja. Bayaqonda futhi ukuthi kukhona njalo izinto eziningi ngaphakathi kwesigaba esibanzi (njengokuthi "isilwane") kunokuba kunesigaba esithile (njenge "inja"). Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale kubonakala kithi abadala, lokhu kuyisinyathelo esikhulu ekucabangeni okunengqondo, okuvumela ukuthuthukiswa ekuqondeni izibalo kanye nesayensi.
I-Tweens Qonda ukuthi Izinto Zingashintsha EFomu Lokuqala
Intuthuko yokugcina yokucabangela okunengqondo ukuqonda ukubuyisana. Ukubuyisela kubhekisela eqinisweni ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi izinto zingashintshwa bese ziguqulwa futhi. Isibonelo esilula ukuthi izingane ziyaqonda ukuthi ungagubha ibhola lobumba zibe yinyoka ende bese uyibuyisela ibhola ngaphandle kokushintsha izindawo zayo zangaphakathi. Ukuqonda ngokugcwele imiphumela yokubuyiselwa - njengokuthi ukuguqulwa kungasetshenziswa kanjani ukuqonda ukuhlukaniswa nokuphindaphinda - kuqhubeka nokuthuthukisa phakathi nenkathi yeminyaka ephakathi.
Umthombo:
UBergger, uKathleen. Umuntu Othuthukayo Ngendlela Yokuphila. 2008. I-7th Edition. ENew York: Worth.
Santrock, uJohn. Izingane. 2009. Umagazini we-11. ENew York: McGraw-Hill.