Ukubeletha ingane engakazalwa kuyesaba abesifazane abaningi abakhulelwe. Uma kwenzeka, kungokwemvelo ukufuna ukuqonda ukuthi yini eyabangela ukubeletha. Ngeshwa, ngezinye izikhathi odokotela abanakho impendulo yalo mbuzo. Ucwaningo oluthile lwathola ukuthi cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwekota yokubeletha , ayikho into eyaziwayo noma engaba khona.
Ukubeletha kubangelwa ukuguquka kuye ngokuthi kuneminyaka yobudala, futhi ukubeletha okungaqondakali kuvame kakhulu ekupheleni kokukhulelwa. Buyekeza izimbangela ezivame kakhulu ezingabangela ukukhulelwa kokukhulelwa emva kwamaviki angu-20.
Ukungahleleki kwe-Chromosomal nokukhubazeka kokuzalwa ku-Stillbirths
Njengoba nje ukukhubazeka kwe-chromosomal kubangela iningi lezinkinga zokulahleka, izinkinga ezithile ze-chromosomal nokukhubazeka kokuzalwa kungandisa ingozi yokuthi umntwana uzozalwa. Ngokusho kukaMashi kaDemes, ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa kuyisici esibangelwa amaphesenti angaba ngu-14 okubeletha.
Ukukhubazeka kwe-Chromosomal ngokuvamile kunqunywa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kodwa ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa kungabangelwa yimithonya yemvelo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Isibonelo, amazinga aphansi e-folic acid- izakhi ezibalulekile ezitholakala ezinhlameni eziqinisekisiwe nemifino eluhlaza emifino-zingandisa ingozi yokuba nengane ethinteke yiziphambeko ze-neural tube ezifana ne- anencephaly , engavumelani nokuphila.
Ukuvimbela ukukhula kwe-intrauterine
Umkhawulo wokukhula kwe-intrauterine (i-IUGR) yisimo lapho ingane iyingcosana khona kunalindelekile inani lamasonto okukhulelwa. Ezimweni ezinzima, lesi simo singabangela ukubeletha noma ukwandisa ingozi yokulahlekelwa usana, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi ingane ingatholi umoya okwanele noma ezinye izakhi ezibalulekile.
Izimo zezempilo zomama nendlela yokuphila nazo zingandisa ingozi yokuvimbela ukukhula kwe-intrauterine , kanye nodokotela isikrini kulezi zinkinga ngesikhathi sokunakekelwa kokubeletha. Ezinye izici ezithile eziyimingcipheko yi-preeclampsia, ukukhulelwa kwengcindezi ephakeme yegazi nokukhulelwa ekukhulelweni .
Njengengxenye yokunakekelwa okujwayelekile ngaphambi kokubeletha, odokotela baqaphela ukukhula komntwana ukuze babe nethuba elihle lokungenelela uma ingane ibonakala isengozini.
Ukuphazamiseka Kwendawo Eminye kanye Nezinye Izinkinga Zokuvimbela
Ukuphazamiseka kwamapulazi yisimo lapho i-placenta ihlukana ngokungazelelwe emdongeni wesibeletho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngenkathi umntwana esesesibelethweni.
Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yezimo zezempilo zomama, ukuhlukunyezwa kwesisu esiswini sokukhulelwa kamuva, noma ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa embelethweni kamama. Izinto ezithile zokuphila, ezifana nokubhema noma ukusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa, nazo zingandisa ingozi.
Izimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwamapayipi zihlanganisa ubuhlungu besisu , ukuphazamiseka, nokuphuma kwegazi. Noma yikuphi owesifazane okhathazekile ngesimo kufanele abone udokotela ngokushesha.
Ezinye izinkinga ezithintekayo, njengezinkinga eziningi zokubeletha kanye nokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha, nazo zikhona kwezinye izilwane ezincane.
Izifo
Izifo ezithile ze- bacterial and viral , kuhlanganise nezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STD), ekukhulelweni, zingandisa ingozi yokubeletha. Izifo ziyingxenye emaphesenti angu-10 kuya kuma-25 ezinyanga zokubeletha.
Izingozi ze-Umbilical Cord
Izingozi zezintambo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, njengefoshi eliqinile entambo noma intambo iba yome kakhulu eboshwe entanyeni yomntwana, ayidlangalaleni. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho kukaMashi kaDemes, izingozi zezintambo ezingahleliwe zithatha indima emazweni angama-10 ezinyanga zokubeletha.
Ezinye Izimbangela Zokuzalwa
Ezinye izimbangela eziningi zingabangela ukubeletha, nakuba lezi zimo zingezansi. Nazi izibonelo ezintathu:
- Ukuhlukunyezwa kwesisu. Izingozi zokukhulelwa kamuva, njengengozi yemoto noma ukwehla kwezitebhisi, zingabangela ukubeletha.
- Ukukhulelwa kusengaphambili kudlule usuku olufanele. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukukhulelwa esikhathini esingamaviki angu- 42 okubeletha kusengozini enkulu yokubeletha , mhlawumbe ngenxa ye -placenta elahlekelwa ikhono layo lokusekela umntwana. Odokotela ngokuvamile batusa ukunciphisa abasebenzi emsebenzini wokukhulelwa ngalesi sizathu.
- Izinkinga zezokwelapha zomama: Ukuphazamiseka kokugqoka kanye nezimo ezithile ezizimele njenge lupus kungaba imbangela yokuzalwa.
> Imithombo:
> Michels TC, Tiu AY. Ukulahleka kokubili kokukhulelwa kokubili kokukhulelwa. Am Fam Physician . 2007 I-Nov 1; 76 (9): 1341-46.
> Ukubeletha. March we-Dimes. http://www.marchofdimes.org/complications/stillbirth.aspx.
> Iqembu lokuBamba iqhaza lokuBamba iqhaza lokuCwaninga. Izimbangela Zokufa Phakathi KwaseSbirbirths. I-JAMA . 2011 Dec 14; 306 (22): 2459-68.