Sonke siyazi ukuthi ukulala kubaluleke kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi njengabazali, ukulala kuba yinto eyigugu kunazo zonke futhi esingazitholi ngaso sonke isikhathi njengoba singathanda. Kodwa isifundo esisha sikisela ukuthi ukulala kwabantwana basemncane empeleni kubaluleke kakhulu kunalokho esikuqaphelayo.
Ucwaningo olusha ku- Academic Pediatrics luhlolisise ukuhlobana phakathi kokuziphatha nokulala ezinganeni, futhi bathola ukuthi ukulala okungakahle empilweni kungase kuhlotshaniswe nezinkinga zokuziphatha kamuva ekuphileni.
Ngokuqondile, lolu cwaningo lubheke izinhlangano phakathi kokulala okunganele nokusebenza kwe-neurobehavioral, njengoba kuboniswe ngemibiko yabomama nabafundisi.
Ukuntula Ukulala Kwezingane Kuchazwe
Ucwaningo lwathola ukuthi kwakukhona izikhathi ezintathu ezihlukene lapho ukulala kudinga ukuguqulwa kwezingane:
- Phakathi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha nambili ubudala: Kule minyaka yobudala, ehlanganisa izinsana nezinsana, ukuthola amahora angaphansi kuka-11 kuya kwangu-12 okulala ngosuku ngalunye kubhekwa njengokulala "okwanele". Kule minyaka yobudala, izingane zidinga amahora angaphezu kuka-12 okulala ngosuku.
- Phakathi kweminyaka engu-3 no-4 ubudala: Ukuhamba ngesiteji esincane nokuya esiteji sasenkulisa, izingane ezinamahora angaphansi kuka-10 kuya kwangu-11 okulala ngosuku zazichazwa njengabantu abalala kahle.
- Phakathi kweminyaka engu-5 no-7 ubudala: Ngokusobala, izingane zale minyaka zingaphezu kwezingane ezincane, kepha ezikhathini zesikole, amahora angaphansi kuka-9 okulala ahlangene nemingcele yokulala kahle.
I-Link Between Sleep and Behavior
Ukuhlola izingane, abacwaningi babheka umsebenzi ophezulu, ukuziphatha okujwayelekile, nokusebenza komphakathi-ngokomzwelo futhi bafunda ukuthi lezo ziphumo zihlobene kanjani nemikhuba yokulala yabantwana.
Okungaqondakali ukuthi imiphumela yocwaningo yembula ukuthi bobabili othisha nabomama abanakekela izingane zabo babika ukuthi izingane ezazingelali kahle eminyakeni encane zinezinkinga zokuziphatha ezingaphezu kwalabo abalala isikhathi eside.
Iminyaka engama-3 no-4 ibonakala ibaluleke kunazo zonke, njengoba lezo zingane zinezibalo ezimbi kakhulu.
Ingxenye enzima yukuthi iminyaka encane neyasenkulisa ingaba yinselele kakhulu ngezindlela eziningi, njengoba izingane zifunda ukuxhumana okuningi futhi zithathe izindima ezizimele. Futhi uma bengatholi ngokwanele, ukuziphatha kungenza kube nzima nakakhulu.
Izinsana ezinemikhuba emibi yokulala zazinamazinga okuziphatha okubi nakakhulu uma zibikwa othisha noma abanakekeli, kodwa hhayi omama, okungaba nezizathu eziningi ezihlukahlukene. Abazali bangase babe nezindinganiso ezihlukene, isibonelo, noma izingane zingalala kakhulu ekhaya kunesikhala sezinsuku, noma izimo ezingokwemvelo zingase zidlale.
Kodwa ngokugcwele, lolu cwaningo luphetha ngokuthi "Ukulala ngokwanele esikoleni samabanga asenkulisa nasesikoleni sokuqala kuhlotshaniswa nezinqubo ezibhekene nezingane ezihlwempu kanye nezintatheli eziphathelene neurobehavioral phakathi nobuncane."
Amathiphu Okulala Kwabancane
Ngakho konke lokhu kusho ukuthini? Ngokuyinhloko, lokho kulala kubaluleke kakhulu kuwo wonke umuntu, kodwa abancane kakhulu. Kungase kube khona ukuxhumana kokuthuthukiswa kobuchopho phakathi neminyaka encane engathinta ukuziphatha kwabo esingakazazi ngokugcwele. Siyazi ukuthi ukulala "umsebenzi" wezingane ezincane, okusho ukuthi ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwazo okwenziwe ngempela ngesikhathi sokulala, ngakho-ke kunengqondo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izingane ezisencane zizobhekana nesimiso sokulala kahle.
Uma unenkinga yokuthola ingane yakho ukuba ilele noma isanda kuhamba esikhathini sokuphazamisa ukulala nezingane zakho, nanka amanye amathiphu angasiza:
- Susa isikrini okungenani ihora elilodwa ngaphambi kokulala. Izikrini zijabulisa ubuchopho, ngakho-ke esikhundleni sokusiza "ukwehlisa phansi" ingane yakho encane, ingahle ivuselele. Esikhundleni sokusebenzisa ithebhulethi noma i-TV, qalisa ibhuku lokulala ukuze usize ukuthulisa ingane yakho phansi.
- Yiba njalo. Kungaba nzima kakhudlwana, kepha ukuvumelana kuyisihluthulelo. Uma uqeqesha ingane yakho ukulala embhedeni wakhe, isibonelo, kungathatha ngokuphindaphindiwe ukubuyisa ingane yakho ukulala ngaphambi kokuba uphumelele.
- Khumbula ukuthi ubuthongo bungaba khona. Izingane zidinga amahora angu-15 ngosuku ukuze zihlale ziphilile, kodwa lokho akusho ukulala amahora angu-15 ngqo ebusuku. Esikhundleni salokho, leso sikhathi singaphulwa phakathi kwe-naps. Futhi zonke izingane ezincane zihlukile, ngakho-ke qaphela amakhophi wengane yakho ukuthi ugqoke ngokweqile futhi ulungise ngokufanele.
> Imithombo:
> Taveras, EM, Rifas-Shiman, S. L, Bub, KL, Gillman, MW, Oken, E. (2017). Ukufundwa Okubhekayo Ukulala Okwanele Nokusebenza Kwezinzwa Phakathi Kwezingane Zesikole. I-Pediatrics yezemfundo, ibuyiswe kusuka ku-Retrieved kusuka ku-www.www.adadpedpedsjnl.net/article/S1876-2859(17)30047-5/abstract