Izigaba Eziyisisekelo Zokukwazi Ingane Yokukhuluma
Ulimi lokufunda lungokwemvelo futhi izingane zizalwa zinekhono lokuzifunda. Zonke izingane, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ulimi olukhulunywa ngabazali babo, zifunde ulimi ngendlela efanayo.
Izigaba Eziyisisekelo Zokufunda Ulimi
Kunezigaba ezintathu eziyisisekelo lapho izingane zithuthukisa khona amakhono abo olimi.
Isigaba Sokuqala: Imisindo Yokufunda
Lapho abantwana bezalwa, bangenza futhi bazwe yonke imisindo kuzo zonke izilimi emhlabeni.
Lokho kungaba ngu-150 umsindo ngezilimi ezingaba ngu-6500, nakuba kungekho ulimi olusebenzisa zonke lezo zomsindo. Imisindo yokusetshenziswa kolimi ibizwa ngokuthi ama-phonemesi nesiNgisi ine-44. Ezinye izilimi zisebenzisa okuningi futhi ezinye zisebenzisa ezinye ezimbalwa.
Kulesi sigaba, izingane zifunda ukuthi yimaphi ama-phonemesi ayingxenye yolimi abakwaziyo ukufunda futhi engayithandi. Ikhono lokubona nokukhiqiza lezo zomsindo libizwa ngokuthi "ukuqwashisa ngekhono," okubalulekile ukuthi izingane zifunde ukufunda.
Isigaba Sokubili: Amazwi Wokufunda
Kulesi sigaba, izingane zifunda ukuthi umsindo uzwakala kanjani olimini ukuze wenze intuthuko. Isibonelo, bafunda ukuthi imisindo m - ah - m - ee ibhekisela kulokho "kuba" obamba futhi ewondla, umama wabo.
Lesi isinyathelo esibalulekile ngoba konke esikushoyo kungumsindo nje. Ukuze ube nengqondo yalezo zomsindo, ingane kufanele ikwazi ukubona ukuthi igama elilodwa liphela futhi elinye liqala. Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi "imingcele yegama."
Nokho, izingane azifundi amagama, ncamashi. Empeleni bafunda i-morphemes, okungenzeka noma kungabi amagama. A morpheme umane nje umsindo noma imisindo enencazelo, njengegama lomama .
Igama elithi mommies , noma kunjalo, linama-morphemes amabili: umama no -s . Izingane kulesi sigaba zingaqaphela ukuthi i-isho ukuthi "ngaphezulu kweyodwa." Baqala ukuhlanganisa leyo ncazelo ngamanye amagama uma umsindo ungeziwe.
Isigaba sesithathu: IziTatimende zokuFunda
Phakathi nalesi sigaba, izingane zifunda ukwenza imisho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi bangafaka amagama ngendlela efanele. Isibonelo, bafunda ukuthi ngesiNgisi sisho ukuthi "Ngifuna ikhukhi" nokuthi "Ngifuna ikhukhi le-chocolate," hhayi "Ngifuna i-cookie" noma "Ngifuna ushokoledi we-cookie."
Izingane zifunda futhi umehluko phakathi kokufaneleka kwegrama kanye nencazelo. UNowaam Chomsky wadala isibonelo salokhu umehluko emshweni othi "imibono eluhlaza engenambala ilele ngokukhululekile." Izingane ziyokwazi ukuthi nakuba isigwebo sisigama selimi, asizwanga kahle. Bayazi ukuthi oluhlaza luwumbala futhi, ngakho-ke, ngeke lube nombala.
Ukuthuthukiswa koLimi
Nakuba zonke izingane zifunda ngezigaba eziyisisekelo, ulimi lukhula ngamazinga ahlukene ezinganeni ezahlukeneyo. Iningi lezingane lilandela iphethini ejwayelekile.
Ukuzalwa
Lapho abantwana bezalwa, bangakwazi ukuphendula ngesigqi solimi. Bangakwazi ukubona ukucindezeleka, ijubane, nokukhuphuka nokuwa kwezinga.
4 kuya 6 Izinyanga
Ezinyangeni ezine nje, izinsana zingakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamagama olimi nomunye umsindo. Ngokwesibonelo, bayazi umehluko phakathi kwezwi elikhulunyweyo nokushaya.
Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, izinsana ziqala ukukhuluma futhi ziyizibonakaliso zokuqala ukuthi umntwana ufunda ulimi.
Amantombazane manje akwazi ukwenza zonke imisindo kuzo zonke izilimi zomhlaba, kodwa ngesikhathi eseneminyaka ubudala ubudala, ziyobe sezilahle phansi imisindo engeyona ingxenye yolimi abayifunayo.
Izinyanga ezingu-8
Izingane manje zingabona amaqembu wemisindo futhi zingahlukanisa imingcele yegama. Nakuba bebona la maqembu azwakalayo njengamazwi, kungenzeka ukuthi angazi ukuthi la magama asho ukuthini.
Izinyanga ezingu-12
Kuleli qophelo, izingane zikwazi ukufaka izincazelo kumagama. Uma sebekwazi ukwenza lokho, bangaqala ukwakha silulumagama. Baqala ukulingisa amagama amasha abawazwayo futhi ngesikhathi abaneminyaka engu-1 ubudala bayoba nesilulumagama samazwi angama-50.
Izinyanga ezingu-18
Ukuze baxoxe, izingane kufanele zikwazi ukusebenzisa amagama abawafundayo. Kulesi sigaba sokuthuthukiswa kolimi, izingane zikwazi ukubona umehluko phakathi kwezibizo nezenzo. Ngokuvamile, amagama okuqala emlonyeni wesilulumagama wengane kukhona amabizo.
Izinyanga ezingu-24
Kulesi sigaba, izingane ziqala ukuqaphela okungaphezu kwamabizo nezenzo futhi zithole ukuqonda kwesakhiwo semisho eyisisekelo. Bangasebenzisa izimemezelo, isibonelo. Bayazi futhi ukuhleleka kwamazwi emshweni futhi bangakha imisho elula njenge "Cookie yami", okusho ukuthi "Ngingabe nginayo ikhukhi?".
30 kuya ku-36 Izinyanga
Ngalesi sizukulwane, cishe amaphesenti angama-90 alokho abantwana abakushoyo ukuthi i-grammatically correct. Amaphutha abenzayo ngokuvamile izinto ezifana nokungezwa-ezenzweni ezingavamile ukuze zenze isikhathi esidlule.
Isibonelo, bangase bathi "Ngiwe phansi" kunokuba "Ngiwe phansi." Bafunde ukubaluleka kohlelo lohlelo lokwenza isikhathi esidlule ngokungeza-esenzweni kodwa bengakafundile okuhlukile kumthetho.
Ngaphezulu kweminyaka emi-3
Njengoba bekhula, izingane ziqhubeka nokwandisa amagama abo futhi zithuthukise ulimi oluyinkimbinkimbi. Ukusetshenziswa kolimi lwabo ngempela alufani ngokuphelele nolunye ulimi oludala kuze kube sekupheleni kweminyaka eyishumi nanye.
Ngaphambi kweminyaka eyishumi nambili, izingane ziqala ukusebenzisa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi imisho -yodwa. Le misho ikhombisa ukuvumelanisa okunjengokuthi, "Nakuba le ndoda yayikhathele, yaqhubeka isebenza." Izingane ezincane zingase zithi "Le ndoda yayikhathele, kodwa yaqhubeka isebenza."
Ukuthuthukiswa koLimi kanye nezingane ezinezintandane
Izingane ezinesineke ezinamazwi ngokuvamile zihamba ngalezi zigaba ngokushesha kunabanye abantwana. Ezinye zikhula ngokushesha kangangokuthi zibonakala ziwela ngaphezu kwezinye zazo.
Akuyona into engavamile ukuba ingane enesipho ikhombise futhi i-coo bese ithula kancane. Ngonyaka owodwa abafani namagama futhi baneminyaka emibili abasebenzisi ngisho nemisho elula. Bangase bathi "mama" no "dada," namanye amagama ambalwa, kodwa hhayi okuningi. Khona-ke ngokuzumayo, ezinyangeni ezingu-26, ingane iqala ukukhuluma imisho ephelele, yesigama esilungile njengeminyaka eneminyaka emithathu ubudala.
Ezinye izingane eziphikisanayo ezinezandla zingase zisebenzise imisho efana ne "Me cookie" eneminyaka eyodwa. Futhi izingane ezineminyaka eyisithupha ubudala ezinamakhono zingasebenzisa imisho efana nokuthi "Ngisithanda iGrammy yami nakuba engazi ukuthi angayisebenzisa kanjani ikhompyutha."
Ukuthuthukiswa kolimi okuthuthukisiwe kwezingane ezinamakhono kungase kube esinye sezizathu ukuthi abanye babo bakwazi ukufunda ukufunda ngaphambi kokuba baphenduke amahlanu noma ngisho nangaphambi kokuba baphenduke kathathu.