Izikhwama nemivimbo ingabonakala, kepha amanxeba okuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo angapheli isikhathi eside. Nakuba ingane ehlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo ingase ingapheli esibhedlela ngethambo ephukile noma ingxabano, ngokuqinisekile uyozizwa imiphumela.
Ucwaningo olwenziwe ngo-2008 encwadini yeLancet , lwahlola ukuxhaphazwa ngokomzwelo ngokomzwelo. Ucwaningo lwabantu abadala abahlala e-United States nase-United Kingdom lwembula ukuthi phakathi kwamaphesenti angu-8 no-9 abesifazane nabesifazane abangamaphesenti angu-4 babika ukuxhashazwa ngokomzwelo ngesikhathi besencane.
Kwakukhona namanani aphakeme kakhulu abikwa eMpumalanga Yurophu.
Akucaci ukuthi zingaki izingane eziqhubeka nokubhekana nokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo, njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi kubikwa. Ukuhlukumezeka ngokomzwelo kungase kube nzima ukuthola kunezinye izinhlobo zokuhlukumeza izingane.
Izibonelo zokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo
Ukuhlukunyezwa kwengane ngokomzwelo kuza ngezindlela eziningi. Kungabandakanya ukuhlambalaza noma ukuhlambalaza amazwi noma izenzo kumntanakho, noma kungaba ukunganaki okuphelele okubangelwa ukuhlushwa ngokomzwelo. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo kwenzeka ngokuhambisana nokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba noma ngokobulili noma ukunganakwa .
Nakuba ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo ngokuvamile kuvame ngamazwi, izenzo zokunakekela izingane zingaba nendima. Ukulahlwa ngokomzwelo kwenzeka lapho umzali noma umnakekeli engabonisi uthando lomntanakho noma amenze azizwe efuna, evikelekile, noma efanelwe. Ngokuvamile, bayobamba uthando noma ukuthinteka, okuyizingxenye ezibalulekile zokuthuthukiswa ngokomzwelo kwengane.
Ukuhlukumeza ngokomzwelo kungavela cishe kunoma yimuphi umuntu omdala.
Nazi ezinye izibonelo zokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo:
- Ubaba unenkinga yokuphuza. Uphuza ubusuku bonke futhi uyamemeza futhi enze izinsongo.
- Umama uchitha sonke isikhathi sakhe kukhomputha futhi akakhokhisi ingane yakhe encane.
- Umama wesinyathelo uthi ufuna izingane zingekho.
- Uthisha uyahlekisa ingane ngoba ulwa nokufunda.
- Ingane ibhekene nodlame lwasekhaya ekhaya.
- Umntanami uhlale ekhonsa izingane.
- Ngemva kokuhlukanisa, ubaba ucela izingane zakhe ukuthi ziqambe amanga enkantolo ngamama wazo ukuze zikwazi ukuzitholela ngokugcwele.
Indlela Yokuqaphela Ingane Eyashushiswa Ngomzwelo
Abanyamaphephandaba abathintekayo banesibopho esikhulu sokubika ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo njengoba benza ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba noma ngokocansi noma ukunganaki-kufanele kuthathwe ngokungathí sina. Ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo kungase kube nzima ukukhomba ngoba kuvame ukuqhutshwa ekhaya.
Ukuziphatha kwengane kungabonisa ukuthi kunenkinga ekhaya. Ukuziphatha okungafanele okungenzeka ukuthi kukhule kakhulu noma okuvuthiwe kakhulu ukuziphatha kwengane kungabonisa ukuhlukumeza, kanye nokuguqulwa kokuziphatha okuphawulekayo. Isibonelo, ingane eyayingenandaba noma engazange ifune ukunakekelwa ingase ivele ibambe iqhaza kubantu abadala abangenalo ukuhlukumezeka noma ngokuziphoqa ukufuna uthando kubo.
Nazi ezinye izimpawu zokuxwayisa ngokomzwelo:
- Ifuna ngokulangazelela uthando kusuka kwabanye abantu abadala
- Yehla ekusebenzeni kwesikole
- Ukuguqulwa kokuthuthukiswa (njengokulala noma ukulahla emva kokufunda ngaphambilini isisindo nesiguli)
- Izikhalazo ezivamile zezinsizwa, ama-stomachache, noma ezinye izinkinga ze-somatic ezingenayo imbangela eyaziwayo
- Ukulahlekelwa intshisekelo kwimisebenzi yomphakathi noma ezinye izinto ezithandayo
- Ukuthuthukiswa ngokomzwelo okwesikhashana
- Ukucindezeleka
- Imizamo yokugwema izimo ezithile, njengokuya komsebenzi noma indlu yomunye umuntu
- Isifiso sokuzilimaza yena noma abanye abantu ngenhloso
- Ukukhathazeka
- Ukuzenyeza
Nakuba ungase ucabange ingane ehlukumezwayo-kunoma iyiphi indlela-angeke uzizwe unamathiselwe kumzali; Nokho, akuyona into njalo. Ingane ingathembeka kumzali (noma kumnakekeli omhlukumezayo) ngoba uyesaba ukuthi kwenzekani uma eveza ukuxhashazwa.
Umntwana ohlukumezekile ngokomzwelo angase acabange nokuthi ukubizwa ngamagama noma ukuphikiswa uthando kuyindlela evamile yokuphila ukuze angatsheli muntu okwenzekayo.
Izimpawu Zomenzi Ophuthumayo Wokuhlukumeza Ngokomzwelo
Ungase futhi uqaphele izimpawu ezithile kumuntu omdala owenza ukuxhashazwa, njengalowo muntu omdala ohlukumeza ingane emphakathini, evuma ngokucacile ukungathandi kwabo noma ukuzondwa kwengane, ukusebenzisa izijeziso ezimbi, ebonisa ukulindela okungenangqondo kwengane futhi engenandaba nomzwelo.
Abahlukumezi bangase babe nomlando wobudlova noma ukuhlukunyezwa noma bangase babhekane nezinkinga zokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa.
Ungacabangi ukuthi njalo ungumzali ohlukumeza ingane ngokomzwelo. Nanobe bengabahlukumezi kakhulu uma usola ukuthi kukhona okuqhubekayo, noma yikuphi ukugunyazwa kwesibalo kungaba yilokho okwenzekayo.
Imiphumela yokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo nokunyuka
Njengokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba, imiphumela yokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo noma ukuhlushwa kunzima kakhulu futhi ingase ihlale ibe umuntu omdala. Ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo kungenzeka ukuthi ingane ihumushe ukuthi ayithandi noma ayifuni noma inesibopho sokuhlukunyezwa.
Imiphumela engenzeka ihlanganisa:
- Kunzima ukugcina ubuhlobo obuhle . Ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo kungaphazamisa ikhono lomntanakho lokwenza okunamathiselwe okunempilo kubantu abadala. Izinkinga zokunamathisela ebuntwaneni basencane ziye zaxhunyaniswa nezinamathiselo ezingaphephile lapho sezikhulile. Lokhu kungabangela ingozi ephezulu yokusebenzisana kontanga, inkathazo ngokusondelana, ubunzima bokuxazulula izingxabano, nokuhlukunyezwa ngokobudlelwane.
- Ingozi ekhulayo yezindaba zezempilo yengqondo . Izingane ezisencane ezinokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo cishe zinokugula okuyisifo okungenani. Ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, noma ezinye izifo zengqondo zingase zihlale zikhulile. Abantu abanomlando wokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo nabo baningi amathuba okuzibulala.
- Izinkinga zomphakathi ezanda . Ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo kuye kwaxhunyaniswa nokuhlukumezeka nokuhlukunyezwa kwabaselula.
- Ingozi enkulu yokuphindaphinda umjikelezo wokuhlukunyezwa . Ngaphandle kokungenelela okufanelekile, izingane ezihlukumeziwe zivame ukuhlukumeza izingane zabo uma zikhula.
Akuwona wonke umuntu onomlando wokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo ohlangatshezwa nezibazi zokuphila, noma kunjalo. Isikhathi, ubunzima, nobudala bokuqala bonke badlala indima.
Abafana abathola ukuhlukunyezwa ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-12 banamathuba amaningi okubonisa izinkinga zokuziphatha, isibonelo. Kungenzeka ukuthi baboshwe noma babonise ukwehluleka okukhulu uma ukuhlukunyezwa kwaqala ngesikhathi esincane.
Ukuba nobuhlobo obuhle nomuntu omdala, noma kunjalo, kungaba yisici sokuzivikela. Umzali onothando, obelethayo, ugogo nomkhulu, noma omunye umuntu, isibonelo, angasiza ukuhlukunyezwa kwemiphumela emibi yokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo.
Ukuhlukumezeka ngokomzwelo kuphazamisa umphakathi wonke. Ibeka umthwalo emikhakheni yezokunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye nenhlalakahle, futhi iyabiza ngokwehluleka kwezemfundo ukwehluleka, ubugebengu, kanye nesidingo samasevisi ezempilo yengqondo.
Ukwelapha Ukuhlukunyezwa Kwengqondo
Uma ingane ihlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo, inkambo yokuqala yokusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwengane. Khona-ke, ukwelashwa okufanelekayo kungaqala.
Umenzi wobugebengu angadinga ukwelashwa, ikakhulukazi uma ungumzali. Ukwelashwa kungabandakanya ukwelapha okunye, amakilasi wokubeletha, noma ezinye izinsizakalo.
Izisulu zokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo zingase zithole inkulumo yokukhulumisana nomqeqeshi wezempilo yengqondo. Ngaphezu kokucubungula ukuhlukumeza, izingane eziye zahlukumezwa ngokomzwelo zingazuza ngokufunda amakhono amasha, njengezindlela ezinempilo zokubhekana nemimoya namakhono omphakathi abasiza ekuxazululeni izingxabano ngokuthula.
Izwi elivela ku-Verywell
Uma usola ukuthi ingane ingaphansi kokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo, kubika ezinsizeni zokuvikela izingane. Ukuhlolwa kungase kube ukusiza ingane ehlukunyezwayo.
Uma ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho ihlukumezwe ngokomzwelo ngomunye umuntu-uthisha, umfundisi, noma umqeqeshi isibonelo-kubalulekile ukungenelela. Thatha izinyathelo zokugcina ingane yakho iphephile futhi ufune usizo lochwepheshe uma kunesidingo.
Uma unecala lokuhlukumeza ingane yakho, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lochwepheshe kokubili wena nomntanakho. Khuluma nodokotela wakho noma uthintane nochwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo.
Uma umlingani wakho ehlukumeza ingane yakho, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo kanye. Uma umlingani wakho engenasithakazelo kusizo, thola usizo wena nomntanakho. Uma kuvunyelwe ukuqhubeka futhi kushiywe kungalashwa, kungase kube nemiphumela engapheli yengane yakho.
> Imithombo
> Gilbert, R., Widom, CS, Browne, K., Ferfusson, D., Webb, E., Janson, S. Umthwalo kanye nemiphumela yokuhlukunyezwa kwezingane ezingeni eliphezulu. I-Lancet . 2008; 372 (9657): 68-81.
> Hart SN, Glaser D. Ukuhlukumezeka kwengqondo - Ukuhlukunyezwa kwengqondo: I-catalyst yokuthuthukiswa kwengane ekubhekiseni ukuvimbela okuyinhloko nokukhushulwa kwenhlalakahle yomuntu siqu. Ukuhlukunyezwa Kwezingane Nokunganakwa . 2011; 35 (10): 758-766.
> Hibbard R, Barlow J, MacMillan H. Ukuhlukumezeka kwengqondo. Izingane zokwelapha . 2012; 130 (2).
> Stirling, J., Amaya-Jackson, L., Ukuqonda Imiphumela Yokuziphatha Nezimo Zokuhlukunyezwa Kwezingane. Izingane zokwelapha . 2008; 122 (3) 667-673.
> Slep AMS, Heyman RE, Snarr JD. Ukuhlukunyezwa kwengane nokuhlukumezeka kwengane: Izincazelo nokusabalalisa. Ukuhlukunyezwa Kwezingane Nokunganakwa . Okthoba 2011.