Uma utshelwe udokotela wakho ukuthi udinga ukucabangela ukuqeda ukukhulelwa ngenxa yezizathu zezempilo-ngezinye izikhathi kuthiwa ukuqeda ukwelashwa-kungenzeka ukuthi uyalwela izindaba. Sizobuyekeza izizathu ukuze wenze isinqumo esihle kunalesi simo esinzima.
Ukubhekana Nengqikithi Enzima
Ukuqeda ukwelashwa kuyaziwa nangokuthi ukuphela kwesibhedlela kukhonjisiwe noma kuvezwe ngokukhipha imithi.
Kunconywa kuphela ezimweni lapho:
- I-fetus inesifo sezokwelapha esizoholela ekufeni ngaphambi noma ngemva nje kokuzalwa.
- Unina ubhekene nokubulala ukufa ngokuqhubeka nokukhulelwa.
Isinqumo sokuqhubeka nokuqedwa ngokuvamile sibuhlungu kubazali. Kunezinto eziningi okufanele uzicabangele, kusukela ezinkolelweni zakho zokuziphatha eziqondene nemithetho yezenkolo, imithetho yezwe, kanye nomshuwalense. Ngokuvamile, ukukhetha kungumuntu siqu, futhi udokotela wakho akufanele akucindezele kunoma isiphi isinqumo ongazizwa ngaso. Ezimweni eziningi, ungathatha isikhathi sakho ukunquma.
Ukuqedwa kokukhulelwa
Ngaphambi kokuba kunqunywe izinqumo, abazali abaningi bafuna ukuqonda kahle isizathu sokuqedwa kwesibonakaliso. Izizathu zingcono kakhulu eziphukile zibe yizinhlobo ezimbili: izinkinga ezinezingane ezikhulayo noma izinkinga ezihambisana nokukhulelwa.
Izinkinga Nge-Fetus
Inqubo lapho ingane iqala khona iyinkimbinkimbi futhi iyinkimbinkimbi.
Ngisho nezinguquko ezincane kule nqubo zingathinta kakhulu impilo nenhlalakahle yengane.
Kunezici eziningi zobunzima kwezimo ezithile. Isibonelo, ingane eyodwa ene-amniotic band syndrome ingase ibe nenkinga encane yeminwe noma izinzwane, kanti amanye ama-amniotic amaqembu omntwana angase avimbele intambo yomzimba, okungaba yingozi.
Akuwona wonke amaphutha okusongela impilo. Kodwa izimo ezithile ziyingozi.
Uma ingane yakho itholakale ukuthi ikhona nanoma yimiphi yalezi zimo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokubeletha ngaphambi kokubeletha, ungase unikezwe ukupheliswa kokwelapha:
- I-Anencephaly - Ekuqaleni kokuthuthukiswa kombungu, iphutha ekwakheni i-neural tube (okuyinto ekugcineni iba ubuchopho nentambo yomgogodla) kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kobuchopho, i-skull, ne-scalp ukuthuthukisa, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i- anencephaly . Embuseni ene-anencephaly, i-forebrain ne-cerebrum ayihlakulele, futhi izingxenye ezisele zengqondo ngeke zimbozwe ngethambo noma isikhumba. Nakuba abantwana abane-anencephaly bangaphila isikhathi esigcwele futhi bazalwa bephila, imisebenzi kuphela eyisisekelo efana nokuphefumula kungenzeka. Ngeke neze bazi kahle ngokugcwele. Eziningi zalezi zinsana ziphila kuphela ngamahora ambalwa noma emva kokuzalwa.
- Ukungahleleki kwe-Chromosomal - Ukungahleleki kwe- Chromosomal yizinguquko zofuzo ezibhekene neningi lamaphutha kanye neziningi eziningi zokuzalwa. Zivame ukungahleliwe futhi aziphindaphindi ekukhulelweni okulandelayo. (Lokhu kuyiqiniso ngaphandle kokuba ubaba noma umama ethinteka yi-disorder yofuzo ebizwa ngokuthi i-translocation elinganiselayo, engabangela ukudluliselwa okungalingani emntwaneni osathuthuka.) Ukungajwayelekile kwe-Chromosomal kuyinkomba ejwayelekile yokuqeda ukwelashwa.
- I-Hydrocephalus - I-Hydrocephalus, noma "amanzi ebuchosheni" yisimiso esenzeka lapho uketshezi lwamagciwane okuphazamiseka kwamagciwane alukwazi ukugeleza kahle phakathi kwe-ventricles ebuchosheni obangela ukwakhiwa kwengcindezi. I-Hydrocephalus inezimbangela eziningi. ngokuvamile esongela ukuphila, kodwa uma ingane yakho itholakale ukuthi iqukethe uketshezi okwedlulele ebuchosheni ku-ultrasound, kufanele ube nokuhlola okungaphezulu ukuhlola i-ventriculomegaly yesimo esihlobene nezimbangela zayo ezihambisanayo.
- I-Meckel Gruber Syndrome - I-Meckel Gruber syndrome yisifo esingavamile sezakhi zofuzo ezenzeka kuphela lapho bobabili abazali bephethe isakhi esiyinkimbinkimbi. I-Meckel Gruber ibangela inhlanganisela yezinkinga ezingezansi ezihlanganisa i-fontanel enkulu kakhulu (indawo elula) phambi kwe-skull, izinso ze-polycystic kanye ne-polydactyly (iminwe eminingi noma izinzwani). Ukuthuthukiswa kwesibindi nephuphu kuphelelwe amandla kule nkinga, futhi njalo kubulalayo. Lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuqeda ukwelapha.
- I-Pentalogy ye-Cantrell - Lesi yisifo esingavamile sezakhi zofuzo ezinezinkinga ezinhlanu ezingenzeka. Amantombazane amaningi abathintekayo awunawo wonke amahlanu, kodwa isimo singasongela ukuphila ngisho nangaphandle kwazo zonke. Lezi ziphutha zihlanganisa: i-omphalocele (i-defect in the wall of the abdominal evumela ukuthi amathumbu aqhube ngaphandle komzimba), i-hernia yangemuva yesisu (i-internal defect defect engavumela izitho ezincane ukuba zingene emgodini wesifuba), umcibisholo wangaphandle (i-groove noma i-cleft e-sternum), i-ectopia cordis (lapho inhliziyo ingaqhuma khona ngaphandle komzimba) kanye nokukhubazeka okungahambi kahle (umgodi noma isici kwenye yezindonga zenhliziyo). Ukuxilongwa kwe-ultrasound kwanoma yikuphi ukukhubazeka okungenzeka kudingeke kuhanjiswe ku-perinatologist ukuhlolwa okuphelele nokwenza uhlelo lokwelapha.
- I-Potter's Syndrome - Leli gama lingase libheke ekubukeni komntwana okungenayo i-amniotic fluid eyanele (uketshezi noma "amanzi" azungeze umntwana ngaphakathi kwesibeletho) ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Isetshenziswe ngokukhethekile emntwaneni ohambisana ne-agenesis yama-renal (BRA, ukwehluleka kwezinso ukuthuthukisa). Ezimweni ze-BRA, lesi simo sibulalayo futhi singase sibonise ukuthi sekuphelile ukwelapha.
- I-Dyatophoric Dysplasia - I-disorder yofuzo eyabangela ukukhubazeka okunzima kwama-skeletal. Ikhanda, amathambo amade, ne-torso ziyathinteka. Nakuba kuye kwaba khona amacala angavamile abantu abathintekayo basinda besencane, lesi simo sisacatshangelwa ukuthi siyingozi. Le disorder iyinkomba yokuqeda ukwelapha.
Qinisekisa ukuthi uxoxisana kahle nodokotela wakho. Uma kunokwenzeka, cela ukuhlangabezana nomuntu onesifo sofuba esinezimo ezitholakalayo.
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi akekho kulezi zimo okudinga ukuthi ube nokuqeda ukwelapha. Abanye besifazane bakhetha ukuthwala ukukhulelwa isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka, okungenzeka kube sesikhathini esigcwele, futhi bavumele ukuthi imvelo ithathe inkambo yayo. Ungakhetha ukunakekelwa kwe-palliative ngaleso sikhathi. Uma unquma ukuqhubeka nokukhulelwa lapho ingane yakho inesimo esiyazi ukuthi siyabulala, ungase ufune ukuthola uhlelo olukhethekile ekunakekeleni izingane ngezinsana, nokubonisana neononatologist ongachaza ngokugcwele ukuxilongwa kwakho.
Izinkinga ekukhulelweni
Ngezinye izikhathi, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, izenzakalo ezingalindelekile zisongela ukuphila komntwana noma umama. Ngenkathi lezi zimo zingapheli ngaso sonke isikhathi ekulahlekeni kokukhulelwa, kungenzeka ukuthi ngeke ufune, noma ukwazi ukuqhubeka nokukhulelwa kwakho.
- Ama-Amniotic Bands - Uma izinsimbi ze-amniotic sac zisuka esikhwameni, zingasongelwa noma yikuphi ingxenye yentombazane ekhulayo. Izinkinga zingabandakanya ukukhishwa kweminwe noma izinzwane, amadijithi ahlanjululwe, izinyawo zezinyawo kanye ne-lip cleft. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ama-amniotic amaqembu angagubha ikhanda noma intambo yomzimba futhi abe esongela ukuphila.
- Izimo Zokubeletha - Ngezinye izikhathi, abesifazane abanezinkinga ezinkulu zezokwelapha bakhulelwa, futhi ukucindezeleka kwezinto eziphilayo zokukhulelwa kungaba yingozi, noma kuyingozi kuye. Lezi zimo zingabandakanya owesifazane onenhliziyo eqinile kakhulu noma ukuxilongwa okusha komdlavuza owingozi okudinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Lezi zimo zingavamile futhi zincoma ukuqedwa akukwenziwanga kalula. Udokotela wakho kufanele ahlolisise izingozi nezinzuzo zokuqhubeka nokukhulelwa kwakho, kufaka phakathi izifiso zakho, futhi usebenze nawe ukukhetha uhlelo lokunakekela olwanelisayo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi abanye besifazane bathole i-chemotherapy ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, okungenani ngesikhathi sesibili nesithathu sesithathu. Uma kutholakala ukuthi unomdlavuza ngesikhathi ukhulelwe kubalulekile ukusebenza nombili wesifo sokuzivikela esibaluleke kakhulu ekukhulelweni okuphezulu kanye ne-oncologist okhululekile ukuphatha abesifazane abakhulelwe.
- Ukukhulelwa Kwangaphambi Kokwemvelo - Ukuqhekeka kwangaphambi kokushisa kwangaphambi kwesimiso kuyisimo lapho isikhwama samanzi samanzi (isikhwama se -amniotic ) siphula ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kufinyelela isikhathi esigcwele. Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani isikhwama samanzi besifazane singaphula ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kufinyelela isikhathi esigcwele. Uma kwenzeka ngaphambi kwamasonto angama-24 eminyaka yokubeletha, udokotela wakho angancoma ukuqeda ukwelashwa ngoba ukungabi khona kwamanzi okuketshezi kuyothinta kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa okujwayelekile kwezitho zomntanakho. Kukhona nengozi enkulu yokutheleleka kuwe, futhi uma usulelekile, ukuphela kokukhulelwa kwakho kungaba yikhambi kuphela.
- Ukunciphisa okukhethiwe - Ngokukhulelwa okuningi, kunezimo lapho udokotela wakho angancoma ukunciphisa okukhethiwe noma ukuqeda eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yamathumbu. Lokhu kuhloswe ukunciphisa ingozi kwabanye abantwana kanye / noma umama. Isibonelo, uma kusetshenziselwa ukukhulelwa kwe-in vitro futhi ukufakelwa kwemibungu eyisikhombisa, owesifazane angase akhethe "ukunciphisa" lokhu kwababili noma abathathu ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulahlekelwa cishe kwemibungu yonke.
- I-Pre-Eclampsia Elula - Ngokuvamile, owesifazane angathuthukisa kakhulu i-pre-eclampsia ngaphambi kokuba ingane ikwazi ukuhlala (ingaphila ngaphandle kwesibeletho.)) Ngenxa yokuthi kuphela "ukwelashwa" owaziwayo we-pre-eclampsia ukulethwa, kungadingeka ukuqeda yakho ukukhulelwa ukulondoloza impilo yakho. Ukuqhubeka nokukhulelwa nge-pre-eclampsia enzima kungabangela ukugubha, ukuhluleka kwezinso, ukushaya isifo, ukucindezeleka kwesibindi nokufa.
Ukwenza Isinqumo
Emva kokuqonda izizathu zokuthi kungani udokotela wakho angancoma ekuqedeni, ungase ufise ukubukeza ezinye zezinzuzo nezindleko zokuqeda ukukhulelwa ngezizathu zezokwelapha noma ukubikezelwa okubi .
Njengoba njalo, qiniseka ukuthi uyaqonda ngokugcwele isimo sakho kanye nezinketho zakho zokwelashwa, futhi uma unenkinga, zixoxisane nodokotela wakho. Ukubonisana ne-perinatologist kungakusiza wenze isinqumo esifanele kuwe.
Kubalulekile ukuphawula futhi ukuthi akukho isinqumo esifanele noma esingalungile sokwenza isikhathi esiningi. Isinqumo esifanele, empeleni, lowo ozwa ukhululekile kakhulu emva kokuqonda ngokugcwele isimo sakho futhi ubuyekeze konke okukhethwa kukho. Lokhu kungaba yisikhathi esingokomzwelo esijulile, ikakhulukazi uma omunye wabathandekayo bakho enezimpendulo ezingafani neyakho noma engenza ukhetho oluhlukile uma bezicathulweni zakho. Kungadingeka ukhumbuze ngokuqinile abangani bakho nabathandekayo ukuthi uyakwazisa imicabango yabo kanye nokufaka, kodwa ukuthi kufanele wenze isinqumo ukuthi wena nomngane wakho uzwa ukuthi kungcono kuwe.
Uma wenza isinqumo sakho, kuzodingeka futhi ukuthi unqume ukuthi ubani ozokutshela. Thatha isikhathi sokucabangela lesi sinqumo ngokucabangela. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abanye bangabakhathalela kanjani futhi banenhloso enhle, kunzima ukwazi ukuthi umuntu uzokwenzani esimweni esinjengeyakho ngaphandle kokuba baphoqeleke ukuba babhekane nabo. Abantu abaningi baye bashintsha imicabango yabo ezindabeni ezifana nalezi uma bona ngokwabo kufanele babhekane nazo. Uma ukhetha ukwabelana nabanye, khetha labo bantu abazoba yibo bonke abahluleli bokuzikhethela, noma iyiphi indlela. Ngalesi sikhathi udinga konke ukusekelwa abathandekayo bakho abangabelana nawe, hhayi ingxoxo yalokho abangase bakwenze ngeso lengqondo esimweni abangazange babhekane nazo.
Imithombo:
Cote-Arsenault, D., no-E. Denney-Koelsch. "Ungadabuki:" Okuhlangenwe nakho kwabazali nemisebenzi ethuthukayo ekukhulelweni nge-Lethal Fetal Diagnosis. Isayensi Yezenhlalakahle Nemithi . 2016. 154: 100-9.
I-Creasy, Imithi Yomama Yomama KaRobert K. Creasy & Resnik: Izimiso Nezenzo Zokuziphatha. I-7th Edition. Saunders. 2013. Phrinta.