Indlela i-GDM ethinta ngayo omama, izinsana, kanye nenqubo yokuzalwa
Abesifazane abakhulelwe abanesifo sikashukela bangaba nokukhulelwa okunempilo kanye nezingane ezinempilo. Isihluthulelo ukugcina isifo sikashukela ngaphansi kokulawula ukunciphisa noma ukuvimbela izinkinga. Isifo sikashukela esinzima kakhulu, yizinkinga ezingaphezulu ezingabangela. Futhi ngenkathi isifo sikashukela sofuzo sidinga ukulandelwa eduze, uma kulawulwa kahle ngokudla, ukuvivinya umzimba, kanye nemithi uma kudingeka, cishe ngeke kube njengosifo sikashukela se-pregestational (sibe nohlobo lwe-2 noma uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe).
Yiqiniso, kusekhona izingozi. Isifo sikashukela sokubeletha, njengezinye izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela, singaholela ekuzalweni okungakabiphi kanye nezinye izinkinga, ikakhulukazi uma kungaphathwa kabi.
Kuyini Isifo Sesifo Sikashukela?
Umzimba wakho usebenzisa ushukela wamandla. Ushukela luphuma egazini lakho lingene emzimbeni womzimba wakho ngosizo lwehomoni elibizwa ngokuthi i-insulin. Uma ushukela usemasethini, kuguqulwa amandla noma kugcinwe. Kodwa, uma umzimba ungenzi insulin ngokwanele, noma awukwazi ukusebenzisa kahle i-insulini, khona-ke ushukela unenkinga yokunyuka emangqamuzaneni bese uhlala egazini esikhundleni. Amazinga aphezulu ushukela egazini abizwa ngokuthi i-diabetes mellitus. Isifo sikashukela sokugaya (GDM) yisifo sikashukela esiqala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngemva kokukhulelwa, isifo sikashukela sokugaya ngokuvamile sihamba, futhi amazinga kashukela egazi ngokuvamile abuyele evamile.
Kungani I-Gestational Diabetes Yandisa Amathuba Okuzalwa Okungaphambi Kokuqala?
Izinkinga ezibangelwa amazinga kashukela ephakeme wegazi zingandisa ingozi yokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ingozi yokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngenxa yesifo sikashukela sikhulu kakhulu uma umama eba nesifo sikashukela ngaphambi kweviki le-24 lokukhulelwa. Ngemuva kweviki lama-24, amathuba okuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa ahla.
Yeka ukuthi isifo sikashukela se-Gestational sithinta kanjani abantwana
Kunezinkinga eziningi ezingabangela isifo sikashukela sokugaya, okunye okungathí sina kwengane yakho kunabanye:
- I-Macrosomia: Ushukela owengeziwe egazini likaMama udlulisela kumntanakhe. Kungadala ekukhuleni ngokweqile kanye nengane ekhudlwana kunezingane ezijwayelekile.
- Izinkinga zokuletha: Ngenxa yobukhulu obukhulu bomntwana, ukulimala ngesikhathi sokubeletha njengamahlombe okunamathela (dystocia) , ukuphuma ekhanda (i-subdural hemorrhage), noma i-oxygen ephansi (hypoxia) engenzeka. Ukulethwa kungase kudingeke nokusetshenziswa kwe-forceps noma i-vacuum , futhi amathuba okuba yi- c-section aphezulu kakhulu.
- I-Hypoglycemia (ushukela wegazi ophansi): Ingane yomama onesifo sikashukela yenza i-insulini eyengeziwe ukuphatha wonke ushukela umama adlulisela kuye ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngemva kokubeletha, ukunikezwa ushukela kumama kunqunywe, kodwa ingane isenza i-insulin eyengeziwe. I-insulini eyengeziwe yilapho ihambisa amazinga akhe kashukela ephansi phansi kakhulu.
- Ukucindezeleka ngokuphefumula: Emasontweni ngaphambi kokuba ingane izalwe, amaphaphu avuthiwe futhi akhiqize okuthiwa i-surfactant. Izingubo ezingapheli ama-sacs amancane emaphashini futhi zigcina zigcwala lapho ingane iphefumula. Uma ingane izalwa kusenesikhathi, amaphaphu akhe angase avuke futhi angenawo umuntu osebenza ngokweqile. Kodwa, njengoba isifo sikashukela sinomthelela ekunciphiseni ukwenziwa kwe-surfactant, ngisho nezinsana eziphelele zesikhathi eside zingaba nezinkinga zokuphefumula .
- Izinkinga zokudla: Ukuguqulwa kokuqala, ishukela ephansi yegazi ngemva kokuzalwa, nokuphefumula ubunzima kungenza kube nzima ukuphakelayo.
- I-Polycythemia: Ngezinye izikhathi umntwana uzozalwa ngezinga eliphakeme lamaseli abomvu abomvu ngenxa yomama one-diabetes. Kungenza igazi libe likhulu, futhi lingasiza futhi ezinkingeni zokuphefumula kanye ne-jaundice.
- Ukuntuleka kwamapayipi: Izinkinga nge-placenta nokudluliselwa kwe-oksijeni kanye nezakhi zomzimba ukuthi ngeke kwenzeke ngesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, ngokuvamile kubonakala ku-pregesational diabetes. Kodwa, ezimweni ezingavamile, uma isifo sikashukela sokubeletha sifika ekuqaleni futhi singalawulwa, izinkinga eziphambene nazo zingaholela ezinganeni ezincane kunezingane ezijwayelekile kanye ne- IUGR .
- I-jaundice: Ukuchithwa kwamaseli obomvu kudala i-bilirubin. Uma kuningi lwe-bilirubin noma umzimba awukwazi ukuwuqeda ngokushesha, izinga le-bilirubin egazini likhuphuka okwenza isikhumba namehlo abukeke njengombala . Amantombazane omama onesifo sikashukela angathatha isikhathi eside ukuze athole i-bilirubin eyengeziwe emzimbeni wabo uma engakafiki, ekhulu kunesilinganiso, noma eneshukela ephansi egazini.
- Ukukhathazeka kwesikhathi eside: Ngokubhekene nezinkinga zokulimala kokuqala noma ukulimala kokuzalwa, kunomthelela omkhulu wokuthuthukisa isifo sikashukela nokuqhathaniswa ngokweqile kamuva ekuphileni.
Indlela Isifo Sikashukela Sokuthi Gestational Sithinta Kanjani Amama
- Ingozi enkulu yokuthuthukisa ezinye zezempilo ezifana ne-high blood pressure kanye ne- preeclampsia
- Ithuba elikhulu lokuletha i- preemie
- Kungenzeka ukuthi ube nesigaba c ngenxa yokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, izinkinga, noma ingane enkulu
- Ingozi enkulu yokuthola isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa futhi ngokukhulelwa okunye
- Ingozi eyengeziwe ye-type 2 yesifo sikashukela
Ubani Ongcono Ukuthola Isifo Sikashukela Phakathi Nokukhulelwa?
Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa singakhula kunoma yimuphi owesifazane nganoma isiphi isikhathi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Noma kunjalo, amathuba okuthola i-GDM akhuphuke uma unezici ezilandelayo ezingozi :
- Ukuqapha kakhulu
- Uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-25 ubudala
- Isifo sikashukela sokubeletha esikhathini sokukhulelwa kwangaphambilini
- Ingane eyedlule eyayineminyaka enkulu yobudala bokugaya
- Umlando we-Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
- Ukukhulelwa okuningi (okukhulelwe kwengane eyodwa)
- Umlando womndeni wesifo sikashukela
- Isizinda sabantu abanesifo sikashukela esiphezulu njenge-African American, isiMelika saseMelika, isiQhingi sasePacific, isi-Asian, noma isiSpanishi
Uzokwazi kanjani uma unesifo sikashukela?
Njengoba ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi isifo sikashukela sofuzo sithinta cishe amaphesenti angu-9 wokukhulelwa, ukuhlolwa kwabesifazane kuyabonakala ngesikhathi sokunakekelwa kokubeletha kokujwayelekile . Ezinye zezindlela udokotela wakho azokuhlola ngazo ngesifo sikashukela sokugaya zihlanganisa:
- Ukuthatha Umlando: Udokotela wakho uzokukhuluma ngomlando wakho womndeni kanye nomtholampilo ukuze anqume ukuthi usengozini enkulu.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwemvelo: Ukuhlola okuphelele ngokomzimba kungenza udokotela aqaphele impilo yakho yezokwelapha futhi wembule noma yiziphi izimpawu nezimpawu zeshukela ephezulu yegazi noma ukumelana ne-insulin.
- I-Glucose Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Ishukela egazini legazi elingaphezu kwama-126 mg / d, ushukela wegazi olungenayo ukudla okungaphezu kuka 200 mg / dL, noma i-HA1C yamaphesenti angu-6.5 noma amaphuzu aphezulu kuGDM futhi ngokuvamile kusho ukuthi uzodinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe .
- Ukuvivinya Inselelo Ye-Glucose: Endaweni ethile phakathi kweviki lama-24 nesama-28 lokukhulelwa, udokotela wakho uzoyala ukuhlolwa kokuhlola. Uzophuza ushukela oluthile, khona-ke uzoba nokuhlolwa kwegazi ngehora kamuva ukubona ukuthi umzimba wakho ubamba kanjani ushukela. Uma imiphumela ibonisa isidingo sokuhlolwa okwengeziwe, uzoba nesimo esifanayo, kepha isivivinyo esidelele esibizwa ngokuthi i-oral glucose test tolerance test (OGGT).
Ongakwenza Ngokuthola Ukuxilongwa NgeSifo Sikashukela
Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi unesifo sikashukela sokugaya, uzobe uhlolwe eduze ukuze uvikele izinkinga. Into ebaluleke kunazo zonke ongayenza ukuzama ukugcina amazinga okushukela egazini akho ngaphansi kokulawula ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo:
- Funda ukuthi ungahlola kanjani amazinga ashukela egazini lakho.
- Ukuzivocavoca nokudla okunempilo ukugcina ushukela wakho phansi.
- Kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe imithi uma amazinga okushukela egazini akho engakwazi ukulawulwa ngokudla nokuzivocavoca yedwa.
- Hamba kuzo zonke izikhundla zakho zokubeletha futhi ulandele iseluleko nemiyalelo umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo akunikeza.
Yini Okufanele Uyenze Ngemva Kokuzalwa Kwakho?
Bheka udokotela wakho. Qhubeka ulandele udokotela wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isifo sikashukela sakho sokukhulelwa siyahamba. Uma kungenjalo, udokotela wakho uzoqhubeka nokuqapha ushukela wakho futhi akuphathe nge-type 2 yesifo sikashukela.
Gcina indlela yokuphila enempilo. Qhubeka udle ukudla okunempilo futhi usebenze njalo. Ukudla nokuzivocavoca kungagcina ushukela wegazi lakho emazingeni aphilile futhi unciphise ingozi yokukhuluphala ngokweqile nokuthuthukisa isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili esikhathini esizayo.
Ukunceliswa. Ukubeletha kuphephile ngisho noma amazinga ashukela egazini ahlala ephezulu ngemuva kokukhulelwa . Isifo sikashukela asilimazi ubisi lwebele . Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubeletha kuhle wena nomntanakho. Akukona nje ukuthi kungakusiza ukuba ulahlekelwe isisindo , kodwa kunganciphisa ingozi yesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili kokubili wena nomntanakho kamuva ekuphileni.
> Imithombo:
> DeSisto CL. Izilinganiso eziphakeme zokushukela kwesifo sikashukela e-United States, > ukukhulelwa > uhlelo lokuqapha ukuhlolwa kwezinhlekelele (PRAMS), 2007-2010. Ukuvimbela Izifo Zengculazi. 2014; 11.
> Gomella TL, Cunningham MD, Eyal FG. I-Neonatology: ukuphathwa, izinqubo, ucingo, izinkinga. Mc Graw Hill & Lange. 2013: 844-9.
> Hay WW. Ukunakekela usana lomama wesifo sikashukela. Imibiko yamanje yesifo sikashukela. 2012 Feb 1; 12 (1): 4-15.
> Hedderson MM, uFerrara A, amasaka e-DA. I-gestational diabetes mellitus kanye nezilinganiso ezincane zokukhulelwa kwe-hyperglycemia: ukuhlangana nengozi eyengeziwe yokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa. I-Obstetrics ne-Gynecology. 2003 Okthoba 31; 102 (4): 850-6.
> Ngai I, Govindappagari S, Neto N, Marji M, Landsberger E, Garry DJ. Umphumela wokukhulelwa lapho isifo sikashukela sesifo sikashukela sitholakala ngaphambi noma emva kwamasonto angu-24 wokubeletha. I-Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2014 Meyi 1; 123: 162S-3S.