Kungani izingane "eziphikisanayo" zinemikhuba eminingi ephikisanayo
Igama elithi "impikiswano" libhekisela ekuvumelaneni kontanga, hhayi ekuphikisaneni kwangempela. Leli gama elikhethekile elisetshenziselwa abacwaningi abanentshisekelo emphakathini wezomphakathi (ukutadisha isimo sezenhlalakahle). Abacwaningi bezenhlalo bahlola isimo sezingane ngokuqhuba ucwaningo nokunikeza elinye lamalebula amahlanu:
- Inqatshiwe
- Ukunganakwa
- Isilinganiso
- Okudumile
- Iphikisana
Kuhlolo olwenziwe phakathi kontanga, izingane zicelwa ukuthi zilinganise iqembu labanontanga (ngokuvamile ekilasini) ngokuphendula imibuzo efana nale:
- Bangobani abangani bakho abathathu abangcono kakhulu kuleli qembu?
- Yisiphi abantu abathathu kuleli qembu okwenza u-LEAST uyijabulele?
- Ngabe abantu abathathu kuleli qembu babeyojabulela kakhulu ukuya epikinikini?
Iziphi Izingane Eziphikisanayo?
"Izingane eziphikisanayo" zithola izilinganiso ezihle kakhulu futhi ezingalungile kakhulu ezinganeni zabo. Ngamanye amazwi, oontanga abathile bayamthanda ingane engumpikiswano (okungukuthi, mbiza ngokuthi " umngane omkhulu ") kuyilapho abanye bengamthandi kakhulu.
Izingane ezinengxabano zinemikhuba ebenza bazihlukanise nabangane babo. Bavame ukuba nobudlova kunabanye ubudala babo. Ngenxa yalokhu, bavame ukudala izinkinga ekilasini bese bedala izinkinga zomphakathi nabangane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izingane eziphikisanayo zivame ukuba njengabantwana abadumile, futhi zibe namandla okuba nobungane, okusizayo nokubambisana. Bavame ukuba ngabaholi bemvelo futhi bavame ukuhlonishwa ngenxa yokuzimisela kwabo ukungena futhi bathathe imali.
Ngakho-ke izingane eziphikisanayo zinezici ezimbi futhi ezihle, ziholele ezinye izingane - nothisha - ukucabanga ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zezingane ziyamangalisa ngenkathi kubangela abanye bacabange ukuthi akuyona into kodwa inkathazo.
Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kunabantwana abambalwa abahambisana nephrofayli "engavumelani".
Mhlawumbe, ngenxa yalokho, kwenziwe ucwaningo oluncane ukuze kuqondwe kangcono leli qembu. Phakathi kwezinto ezimbalwa abacwaningi abangasho ngazo ngomntwana ophikisanayo ukuthi:
- Abafana abengeziwe kunamantombazane bahambisana nesiphithiphithi esiphikisanayo
- Amantombazane angase abe "nokuphikisana" emiphakathini yomphakathi kuneklasini
- Izingane eziphikisanayo zivame ukusebenzelana kahle nezingane ezidumile
- Akuyona into engavamile ukuba ingane ephikisayo ishintshe isimo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi ivame ukujoyina iqembu "elithandwayo" ngenxa yamakhono abo aphezulu omphakathi.
Amagama afanayo: ingane ejwayelekile, ingane enganakwa, izingane ezidumile, ingane enqatshiwe, isimo se-sociometric
Imithombo:
UFurman, Wyndol, McDunn, uChristine, no-Young, uBrennan. Indima Yobudlelwane Bontanga NamaRoma Ngokuthuthukiswa Okuthintekayo Kwabantwana. Ku-NB Allen & L. Sheeber (Eds.) Ukuthuthukiswa ngokomzwelo kwentsha kanye nokuvela kwezinkinga zokucindezeleka. 2008. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
UWentzel, uKathryn R., no-Asher, uSteven R. Ukuphila Okufundiswa Kwezingane Ezilahliwe, Ezenqatshiwe, Ezidumile Nezingxabano. Ukuthuthukiswa Kwabantwana. 1995. 66: 754-763.