Indlela imiphumela yasenkulisa ngayo isilulumagama somntwana, ukuziphatha kanye namakhono omphakathi
Ngabe umphumela wokunakekelwa kwelanga unomphumela onjani empumelelweni yengane esikoleni samabanga aphansi? Isikhungo esisodwa seNational Institute of Health and Health Research sathola imiphumela ehlangene mayelana nendlela ukugcinwa kwesikhashana kuthonya ngayo izingane kulo lonke imisebenzi yabo yezifundo.
Kusukela ngo-1991, abacwaningi be-NICHD bahola izingane ezingaphezu kuka-1,350 kusukela ekuzalweni ngokusebenzisa izilungiselelo ezihlukahlukene zokunakekelwa kwezingane (ekhaya nomzali, isihlobo noma umfana noma esikoleni).
Kutholakale ukuthi izingane ezichitha isikhathi "ezisezingeni eliphakeme" zokunakekelwa kwelanga zikhona njengezingane ezinolwazi olungcono ngebanga lesihlanu kunelabo ababengekho. Kodwa lolu cwaningo lubuye lwathola ukuthi amacala okunakekelwa kwamasuku ayenenkinga yokuziphatha engaphezulu, ngisho nokubalwa kobulili bomntwana, imali engenayo yomndeni kanye nekhwalithi yesikhungo sokunakekela izingane.
Izinzuzo
Abasekeli bezinsuku zokunakekelwa kwekhwalithi baye baxoxisana ngezifundo zokuqala kanye nokuzihlanganisa komphakathi izingane ezifunda ngokuchitha isikhathi noontanga nokuthi indlela abafundisi abasebancane beqeqeshwe ngayo kunanini ngaphambili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, othisha bamabanga aphansi bayamemeza indlela izikhungo zokunakekelwa kwekhwalithi ezikhwalithi zilungiselela izingane esikoleni samabanga aphansi . Izingane zifunda isakhiwo kanye nesimiso lapho zisencane futhi zinesibopho sokulahla amajazi abo, ukufaka izicathulo zabo nezinye imisebenzi ezizimele.
Omunye uthisha waseTexas uthi: "Ngihlale ngicela abafundi bami be-kindergarten ngokukhathalela kwabo ngaphambi kokuya esikoleni." "Ngokusekelwe ekuphenduleni kwabo, ngingashintsha indlela yami yokuzibandakanya kanye namakhono esikoleni ekuqaleni, ngoba ezinye izingane eziye zahlala ekhaya nomzali futhi azizange zihlanganyele nabangane abaningi abazi imithetho yesikole jikelele njengokuhlanganyela, ukulinda emgqeni, engathinti abanye, futhi engakhulumi lapho omunye umuntu ekhona.
Izingane zokunakekela izingane zinezinkambiso zomphakathi ezingezansi. "
Abafundisi bokuqala baphinde babhekisele ezinhlelweni zesifundo kanye nezandla zakuqala-ekufundeni ukuthi abahlanganyeli bezinsuku zamasuku bazizwa. Izikhungo eziningi zokunakekelwa kwekhwalithi zifundisa ama-ABCs, ukufundwa kokuqala, izibalo ezilula kanye nesayensi kanye namakhono okuhlanzeka okujwayelekile kubafundi babo.
I-Cons
I-negative main mayelana nokunakekelwa kwansuku zonke ukuthi izingane zakho zizogula ngokuphindaphindiwe kaningi kunokuthi zisekhaya kumnakekeli oyedwa. Ngisho nasezikhungweni zokunakekelwa kwezinsuku ezihle futhi ezihlanzekile, amagciwane ayahamba! Akungenakugwema ukuthi izingane zizokwehliselwa ukugula okuningi ekunakekelweni kwelanga kunokuba zizofika ekhaya, okungasho ukuvakasha okwengeziwe kudokotela, izikweletu eziningi zezokwelapha, kanye nesikhathi esiningi sokugula kwengane yakho encane.
Izitha zokunakekelwa kwamasuku ziye zafakazela ukuthi izingane zasenkulisa ziholela izingane ukuba zihlukumeze ngoba izingane zifunda imikhuba emibi ekubukeni ezinye izingane. Ama-Daycares asematasa futhi angaba imvelo ecindezelayo kwabanye abantwana.
Musa ukugijimela ukuHlelwa kweJaji Daycare ku-Ukuziphatha
Abafundi bangasebenzisa noma yiziphi izizathu, ngakho-ke ukunakekelwa kwesikhashana akufanele kubekwe icala ngokubangela izingane ukuba zingalungile. Ukunikeza "ukunakekelwa kwesikhashana" i-rap ingase ingabi ncamashi noma inembile.
Ucwaningo olwenziwa yi-National Institute of Health and Human Development (NICHD) e-US lubheke ithonya lokunakekelwa kwengane kanye nemvelo yasemakhaya ezinganeni ezingaphezu kuka-1 000 ezikhula ngokujwayelekile. Zathola ukuthi izici zomzali nomndeni zazixhunyaniswe kakhulu nengane ukuthuthukiswa kunezinto zokunakekelwa kwengane. "Lokhu kusho ukuthi imindeni inempembelelo enkulu ekuthuthukiseni kwengane kunokunakekela izingane.
Izingane ezisekela izingane ziba nemiphumela efanayo nezingane ezigcinwe ekhaya. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingane ihambela ukunakekelwa kwezinsuku noma cha, ngumndeni onomthelela omkhulu ekuthuthukiseni kwengane yabo, ngokuxhumana kwabazali nengane njengento ebaluleke kakhulu.
Ukukhetha ukunakekelwa kwezingane, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umzali ohlala ekhaya, isihlobo, umfana noma umfana, kufanele abe nomgomo owodwa: ukuhlinzeka ngokuphepha jikelele nezidingo zengane. Abazali abasebenzayo akufanele bazizwe benecala ngokushiya ingane yabo nabanakekeli abafanelekayo futhi kufanele bahlale ekhaya abazali bazizwa benecala ngokukhetha kwabo ukuhlala ekhaya nezingane.