Kungani kugcizelela izifundiswa ngaphezu komphakathi wezingane ezincane akusebenzi
Uma kuziwa kulokho okulindeleke kusuka ezinganeni ezisenkulisa nasenkulisa namhlanje, incazelo efanelwe kakhulu ingase ibe yiningi kakhulu, maduzane. Emashumini ambalwa ambalwa adlule, isimo esicacile enkulisa ngisho nasesikoleni sasenkulisa kwaba ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi kubafundi bezemfundo ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokuthuthukisa amakhono omphakathi nezomzwelo ngokusebenzisa ukudlala mahhala neminye imisebenzi. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi inkulisa ibanga lokuqala elisha , kanti izingane ezinkulisa kanye namabanga okuqala esikoleni samabanga aphansi zithola umsebenzi wesikole ngaphezulu kunalokho okufanele futhi zizwe zicindezelekile. Kodwa izingane eziningi ezineminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalolunye nesenkulisa, ukuzulazula ezifundweni ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi esiningi ekuhlaleni umphakathi kufana nokubeka inqola phambi kwehhashi.
Imiphumela Yomsebenzi Omningi Nengaphansi Kokudlala
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ukudlala kancane nokufunda okuningi kungase kutholakale ngendlela yokufunda izingane kwabanye kunokuba kuthuthukiswe amakhono abo esikoleni, ngo-Okthoba, ngo-2016 isifundo ngabacwaningi eMichigan State University. Izingane eziningi ezincane zingase zingakulungeli ukukwazi amakhono afana nokuzilawula, okuqinisa njengoba izingane zikhula emphakathini nangokomzwelo, kuze kube yilapho sezikhulile, ebangeni lokuqala noma ngaphezulu.
Ukugcizelela izifundiswa ngokwakha amathuluzi izingane okudingeka zizisebenzise ukuzithiba kungase kube okukhiqizayo ngoba izifundo zibonise ukuthi ukuzithokozisa kuhlobene nokuphumelela kwezemfundo, amakhono omphakathi angcono, ukuthuthukiswa kolwimi nokuthuthukiswa kokufunda nokubhala, kanye neminye imiphumela emihle esikoleni nasempilo , kusho uRyan P. Bowles, PhD, uprofesa ohlangene eMnyangweni Wezokuthuthukiswa Kwabantu kanye Nezifundo Zomndeni eMichigan State University kanye nomunye wabalobi bezocwaningo. Ngamafuphi, kuyilapho ezinye izingane zingakwazi ukuzithiba, landela imiyalo, futhi ulungele ukufunda endaweni yokufundela ekilasini, abanye bangase bangahlakulele lawo makghono esikhathini esizayo.
Okushiwo yiSayensi
Abacwaningi baseMichigan bahlola idatha evela ezifundweni ezintathu ezihlukene ezilinganisa ukuthuthukiswa kokuzilawula kwabafundi abancane abaphakathi kweminyaka engu-3 no-7. Ucwaningo lwahlola izingane ezingu-1,386 ezivela ezizinda ezahlukene (imiphakathi yezomnotho, ubuhlanga, njll) ekuziphatheni ukuzilawula, okulinganiselwe ngokuwacela ukuba benze okuphambene nalokho okushiwo yi-"Head, Toes, Knees, and Eers" umdlalo. (Uma babetshelwe ukuthi bathinte ikhanda labo, isibonelo, kwakufanele bathinte izinzwane zabo kunalokho, njalonjalo.) Lo msebenzi walinganisa amakhono amaningana afaka ukuzithiba, okufaka ikhono lokumisa isenzo ofuna ukuzenza landela imfundo; ikhono lokukhumbula; futhi ikhono lokunaka, ukulondoloza lokho, nokuqapha.
Imiphumela yayicacile futhi iyaqhubeka: Nakuba ezinye izingane ezisenkulisa nase-enkulisa zazisendleleni yokuzilawula, ezinye zacaca ukuthi zingakalungi. Izingane zawela kwelinye lamaqembu amathathu, kusho uDkt. Bowles: abathuthukisi bokuqala (labo abakwazi ukulandela imiyalo futhi base bekulungele ukufunda ekilasini); Abathuthukisi abaphakathi (labo abaqala kancane kodwa beba ngcono ekuziphatheni komzimba by kindergaten); futhi abathuthukisi bakamuva (izingane ezahluleka ngempela futhi ezingakwazi ukuzilawula zizithola indlela yokuthola amakhono esikoleni). UDkt. Bowles uthi: "Imiphumela yaphindaphindiwe kuzo zonke izifundo ezintathu ezihlukene zesikhathi eside. "Kwakuhlaba umxhwele."
Umlayezo Wokuthatha
Ngakho lokho kusho ukuthini kubazali? Kukhona imilayezo emikhulu yokuthatha izinyathelo ezivela kulolu cwaningo olubalulekile abazali bezingane ezincane okufanele bazikhumbule:
- Isenkulisa, ngisho ne-kindergarten, ejwayele ukuba yindawo lapho izingane zihlangana nabangane nontanga njengoba zithuthukisa amakhono omphakathi nezomzwelo. Manje njengoba kugxila kakhulu emfundweni, kunesikhathi esincane nokusebenza okusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa lawo makghono.
- Akuzona zonke izingane ezifanayo, futhi ezinye izingane azilungele ukuzilawula. Ucwaningo luye lwabona ukuthi iningi leyesihlanu kwabantwana ekucwaningweni lalingabonakali ekuziphatheni kahle ekuziphatheni kwezingane zasenkulisa.
- Ukuxoshwa kwezifundiswa eminyakeni yokuqala kusho ukuthi izingane eziningi ngeke zikwazi ukusizakala ngalokho okufundiswayo. Ngenkathi kungekho lutho olungalungile ngokufundisa izingane ezincane ze-ABC nezinombolo, kulindeleke ukuba bonke babe ngokomzwelo nangokwenhlalo ukulungele ukuvumelanisa nesimo sokufundela ekilasini kushiya izingane eziningi ezibandayo. Izincwadi, ukufunda, ukubhala, nezibalo kufanele zilinganiswe nesikhathi sokudlala nokuzihlanganisa.
- Abazali bangenza ingxenye yabo ukuze bakhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kokuzilawula kokuziphatha kwabantwana ngokudalula izingane zabo ezimweni ezehlukene zomphakathi ezifana nezinsuku zokudlala nabangani, ukuvakashela kumamyuziyamu noma ezinye izilungiselelo zemfundo nabanye abazali nabazali, futhi babe nesikhathi somndeni.
Abazali bangakhuthaza izingane ukuba zibonise imikhuba emihle nangomusa uma zixhumana nabanye, zibonise izingane ukuthi zingabanikela futhi zizithande njengoba zihlangana, futhi zifunde ukubaluleka kozwela . Bangakwazi ukuyeka ukuziphatha okubi lapho bebona futhi basebenze nezingane zabo ukuthola izindlela ezinhle zokusingatha ukukhungatheka noma izithiyo. Futhi bangakhuthaza izingane zabo ukuba zixoxe ngesikhathi sokudla futhi zifunde amakhono abalulekile afana nokufunda ukulinda ithuba lokukhuluma, ukulalela abanye, futhi uma bengavumelani, ukwenza kanjalo ngenhlonipho.