Izingane ne-Flu
Izincomo zakamuva ezivela ku-CDC yizo ukuthi wonke umuntu okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala uthole umuthi wokugoma umkhuhlane unyaka ngamunye.
Umuthi wokugoma waminyaka yonke iyindlela engcono kakhulu yokusiza ugweme ukugula ngesifo sofuba.
Noma kunjalo, abantu abaningi abavamile ukuthola umuthi wokugoma.
Ngenkathi abanye abantu bethi "abakholelwa" ekutholeni umgomo wokugoma noma besaba ngemigomo yokugoma komkhuhlane, abanye bakhathazekile ngemiphumela emibi yokugoma komkhuhlane , futhi abanye bacabanga ukuthi abasebenza.
Izizathu Ezintathu Ezinkulu Zokuthola Ukuqhuma Kwemfudu
Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthola umuthi wokugoma umnyaka ngamunye.
Izizathu ezintathu ezilula kakhulu zokuthola izingane zakho zigonywe yilokho:
- kuzosiza ukuba bahlale besuka ekutholeni umkhuhlane
- kuzosiza umndeni wakho ukuba ungangeni emkhuhlane
- kuzosiza wonke umuntu ukuba angangeni emkhuhlane
Kanjani? Uma izingane zakho zingenayo igciwane, ngeke zilethe ekhaya futhi zisakaze kwabanye. Lokhu kufana nomphumela womhlambi wokugoma esiwubona ngeminye imithi.
Yiqiniso, kunezinye izizathu ezinhle eziningi.
Uma ukugwema impilo esongelayo, isifo esithathelwanayo sokugoma akusiyona isizathu esaneleyo, kuthiwani ngokugwema imithi kaTamiflu ngoba awuzange ugule umkhuhlane?
Noma ukugwema izinsuku ezingekho ekusebenzeni nasezikoleni?
Futhi kuze kube manje kulo nyaka, i-CDC ibika ukuthi "ukuhlaziywa kwe-laboratory yamagciwane e-influenza kuze kube manje kubonisa ukuthi iningi lamagciwane ajikeleza emhlabeni wonke ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule zifana namagciwane wokugoma ka-2015-16," ngokungafani nonyaka odlule, kufanele sibe umuthi wokugoma osebenza kahle.
Ingabe Imishanguzo Yezinhlanzi Isebenza?
Uma uthola umuthi wokugoma futhi usagula, ingabe lokho kusho ukuthi umgomo wakho wokugoma awuzange usebenze?
Vele akunjalo.
Umgomo wokugoma uvikela nje ngokumelene nogubhu. Ngeshwa, kunezinye izinto eziningi ezingakuthola ugula ngenkathi ebandayo nangomkhuhlane. Umgomo wakho wokugoma ngeke uvikele emakhazeni, ukugula, isifo se-sinus, i-bronchitis, noma imishanguzo engekho emgodini.
Umgomo wokugoma uzokwenza umsebenzi omuhle wokukuvikela emithonjeni yemifula ehamba phakathi nenkathi yempukane.
Imishanguzo Yezinhlanzi Yenza Ngempela Umsebenzi
Kusukela ngonyaka ka 2004-05 umkhuhlane, ukulinganiselwa kokusebenza komuthi wokugoma komkhuhlane kuye kwaba ngo-10 kuya ku-60%.
Ukusebenza komuthi wokugoma komkhuhlane kuwu-41%. Uma kunomdlalo omuhle phakathi kwezinkinga zegciwane lesifo somkhuhlane, njengoba kuneminyaka eminingi, umgomo wokugoma uwu-50 kuya ku-60% osebenza kahle.
Uma kunomdlalo ompofu, uhlobo lomkhuhlane oluhambayo nje aluzange lukhethwe ukuba lube nomgomo wokugoma, khona-ke umgomo awuphumeleli kangako. Umgomo wokugoma ungaphinda usebenze kangcono uma kunomkhuhlane okhukhulayo ohambahambayo - kungukugoma komkhuhlane, kodwa ushintshe ngokwanele kusuka ekuguleni komuthi wokugoma ukuze wenze umuthi wokugoma ungasebenzi kahle.
Ezifundweni eziningi, futhi njengoba kuchazwe yi-CDC, ukusebenza komgomo wokugoma umkhuhlane kungumlinganiso wamathuba akho wokubamba umkhuhlane ngemuva kokuthola umgomo wokugoma.
Bahlola kanjani uma imishanguzo yegciwane isebenza?
Ngokuvamile, abacwaningi bahlola abantu abaza ukugula ngokuphefumula phakathi nenkathi yempukane, benze ukuhlolwa komkhuhlane, bese uqhathanisa amanani okugoma phakathi kwalabo abahlola ukuthi kukhona okulungile nokubi komkhuhlane.
Imishanguzo yomkhuhlane iyasebenza kanjani kulo nyaka?
Abantu abaningi bayokujabulela ukwazi ukuthi umgomo wokugoma lo nyaka usebenza kahle futhi okungenani u-60% usebenza kahle.
Imihlomulo ye-Vaccine ye-Flu
Ukuthola umgomo wokugoma ukhona nezinye izinzuzo eziningi ezingalinganiswa nalezi zifundo ezilula, noma kunjalo, ezingakusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi kungani ukuthola umuthi wokugoma waminyaka yonke emndenini wakho kubaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma ucabanga ukuthi ukusabela komuthi wokugoma komkhuhlane kubonakala kunomusa.
Phakathi nonyaka ka-2013-14 wezikhukhula, lapho abantu abangamatshumi amahlanu kuphela abagonywe khona futhi umuthi wokugoma owu-51% usebenza kahle, i-CDC inqume ukuthi ukuthola umgomo wokugoma "kuholele ekucatshangweni kwamaphesenti angu-7.2 ambalwa omkhuhlane, izifo ezingama-90,000 ezimbalwa , kanti abayizigidi ezingu-3.1 babembalwa amacala abekwe emzimbeni kunokuba bekulindelwe ngaphandle kokugoma. "
Izibhamu ze-Flu zitholakale zibe ngu-63% ngesikhathi sonyaka ka-2015-16. Ngeshwa, i-FluMist, umuthi wokugoma womkhuhlane wamaphuphu wamanzi usebenza kahle kuphela ngo-3%, okuholela ekunconyweni okusha ukuthi kungasetshenziswa ngonyaka ozayo.
Ngisho nalapho umuthi wokugoma usebenza kahle ngo-50%, akufanele ucabange ngakho njengengqikithi yezimali. Ngaphandle kwamathuba angu-50 okungafuni ukuthola umkhuhlane, ngisho noma ngabe kwenzeke ukuthola umkhuhlane, umgomo wakho wokugoma ungase:
- kuholela ekuguleni komkhuhlane ngezimpawu ezinzima
- ukunciphisa amathuba akho okubhedlela esibhedlela
- ukunciphisa amathuba akho okuthuthukisa izinkinga ezinkulu ezibhebhethekisa impilo, njenge-stroke kanye nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Eqinisweni, uma ubheka ukushona kwezingane ezisemathunjini, ngokudabukisayo, cishe konke kungabonakali. Amapulangwe asho ukuthi angama-80% asebenzayo ekuvikeleni ukufa kubantu asebekhulile.
Njengeminye imithi, ukuvikelwa ngomuthi wokugoma waminyaka yonke kungasiza ukuvikela labo abaseduze nawe abangakwazi ukugonywa, kuhlanganise nezinsana nezinsana ezineminyaka engaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha phakathi nenkathi yempukane.
Okubaluleke nakakhulu, khumbula ukuthi ngisho nalapho umgomo wokugoma ungabonakali kahle futhi awuphumelelanga nakweminye iminyaka, "ukuvikeleka okunye kungcono kunakho ukuvikelwa nhlobo."
Imithombo:
I-CDC. Isifo Sengculazi Esilinganiselwayo Nezifo Ezikhungweni Eziphethwe Ngu-Vaccination - United States, 2013-14 Isifo Sengculazi Isizini. I-MMWR. Disemba 12, 2014/63 (49); 1151-1154
Ukukhishwa kwe-Press: I-Vaccine ye-Flu Cishe amaphesenti angama-60 aphumelelayo
I-CDC. Ukwelashwa Kwesifo Sokukhulelwa Kwesifo Sonyaka, 2005-2015. Ifinyelele ngo-September 2015.
Cohen, Steven A. Ukugonywa kwe-Influenza Ezinganeni Ezincane Kunciphisa Izifo Ezihlinzekwa Ngumkhuhlane we-Influenza ku-Older Adult, ngo-2002-2006. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2011; 59 (2): 327-332.
I-Epidemiology nokuvimbela izifo ezivimbela ukugoma. I-Pink Book: I-Course Textbook - U-13th Edition (2015)
UFerdinands JM, u-Olsho LEW, u-Agan AA, et al. Ukuphumelela komuthi wokugoma we-influenza ngokumelene nokubulawa komkhuhlane we-RT-PCR-okuqinisekisiwe ukugula kwabantwana base-US, ngo-2010-2012. I-Disfect Dis Dis. 2014; 210 (5): 674-683.
Kim, Tae Hyong. Umkhuhlane wonyaka kanye nomphumela wokugoma umuthi wokugoma. I-Exp Exp Vaccine Res. 2014 Julayi; 3 (2): 128-132.