Umhlahlandlela wezeMinyaka-nge-Age kuya eSiteshini seNtuthuko yabantwana

Yini Ongayilindela Kusukela Ekuzalweni Ngengane Yokukhulelwa

Kusukela emaminithini abazalwa ngawo, izingane zikhula ngamazinga ahlukene futhi zithuthuke ngezindlela ezingavamile. Noma yiziphi izinyathelo ezithinta kakhulu, zithinta ukuguqulwa okukhulu-kusukela ekuphuleni kwesifuba noma ebhodleleni kuze kufinyelele ekufikeni kwentsha-futhi ufinyelele izigaba ezibalulekile zokuvuthwa ngokomzwelo ngesikhathi esifanayo.

Kodwa ngisho nokunikeza ukuthi kunezinto ezijwayelekile ezivamile uma kuziwa izinga lapho izingane ziqhakaza kusuka ezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa ukuze zibophe intsha, kungenzeka ukubikezela ngesilinganiso esithile sokuqiniseka lapho ingane izoba khona ubudala nangesigaba esithile. Nansi umhlahlandlela omkhulu wensimu ekuthuthukiseni ingane kusuka ngosuku olulodwa kuze kube yilapho sekukhulile.

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Ingane yakho esanda kuzalwa

Ukudla nokudla

Uma uhlela ukuncelisa , faka ingane yakho esifubeni sakho ngokushesha nje lapho ezalwa. Uzozama ngokuzenzekelayo ukuthola ingono yakho, nakuba engase angaboni ngaso leso sikhathi. Kulungile. Uzoba nesikhathi esiningi sokusungula isibopho sokubeletha. Ungase ungakwazi ukwenza lokhu uma unesigaba se-cearean , kodwa ungakhathazeki: Uzothola ithuba lokuncelisa uma usuphuma ekamelweni lokutakula. Ngandlela-thile, umhlengikazi uzokwazi ukukusiza wena nomntanakho uthole i-Hang of Nursing. Kuyinto engokwemvelo yokwenza, kodwa akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuqala. Uma udinga usizo ngemuva kokuya ekhaya, umxhumanisi we-lactation angakunikeza isiqondiso esengeziwe nokusekelwa.

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuhlela ukulayishwa kungukuthi uzinake. Kunalokho, umhlengikazi ngokufunwa-okungukuthi, lapho ingane yakho ivukile futhi ibuza (kahle, ukukhala) okufanele idliwe. Lokhu kungaba njalo njalo njalo ngemva kwamaminithi angu-90. Izinsana ezondliwa ifomula ebhodleleni zivame ukuthatha ama-ounces ama-1 kuya kwangu-3 njalo emahoreni amabili kuya kwangu-4. Ifomula oyikhethayo kumele iqiniswe ngensimbi. Udokotela wakho wezingane uzokwazi ukukusiza ukuthi ukhethe okungcono kakhulu kwengane yakho.

Ukulala

Lapho ingane yakho isanda kudla, cishe uzolala . Uma ungakwenza, yenza okufanayo: Nala uma elala futhi uvumele omunye umuntu anakekele imisebenzi yasekhaya. Udinga konke okunye ongayithola ukuze uphinde uthola kusukela ekubelethweni. I-National Sleep Foundation (NSF) ikhuthaza izingane ezisanda kuzalwa nezinsana ezineminyaka engama-3 ubudala ukuthi zilele amahora angu-14 kuya kwangu-17 ngosuku, nakuba ezinye izingane zimbalwa amahora angu-11 noma eziningi ezamukelekayo. Uma ingane yakho encane ilele kaningi kunalokho njalo, vumela udokotela wakho wezingane wazi.

Ukuhlola kokuqala

Udokotela wakho wezingane uzofuna ukubona ingane yakho uma ineminyaka engu-3 ukuya kweyisishiyagalolunye ubudala ubudala. Ngenxa yokuthi zonke izinsana zilahlekelwa ama-ounces ambalwa phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa okuqala, udokotela uzolinganisa ingane yakho ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi akayekanga kakhulu. Uzohlale ehlola ukuthi i- jaundice .

Okuhle Kokukwazi: Ukuphepha, Okubaluleke kakhulu, nokuningi

• Indlela ephephile kuphela yokuthi usana luhambe emotweni luhlala esihlalweni sangemuva, ngokuvikelekile luboshwe esihlalweni semoto esibheke ngemuva. Eqinisweni, isikhungo esibhedlela noma birthing cishe kuzodinga lokhu ngaphambi kokuba uthathe ingane yakho ekhaya. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlanganisa isihlalo semoto kungaba yinkinga. Uma udinga usizo ngalokhu, hlola umnyango wamaphoyisa wendawo. Kungenzeka ukuthi babe nabachwepheshe bezinqola zemoto esandleni noma bangakuqondisa komunye.
• Beka ingane yakho ukuba ilale ngemuva kwayo ukuze inciphise ingozi ye-infant syndrome yasana ngokungazelelwe (SIDS ). Ungalokothi ubeke phansi yedwa emabhodleleni okugeleza amanzi noma ubhontshisi, bese ushiya amathoyizi athambile noma izingubo zokulala ezisebusweni wakhe noma isikhalazo esingase sigubhe ubuso bakhe futhi simvimbele ukuphefumula.
• Kuze kube yilapho ingane yakho ikhulile futhi isimiso sakhe somzimba samasosha omzimba sinamandla, umqondo omuhle ukumgcina kusuka kumaqembu amakhulu abantu noma ezinye izingane ezigulayo. Ungabi namahloni ngokubuza noma ngubani ofuna ukubamba ingane yakho ukugeza izandla kuqala.

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I-Infant yakho engu-2 kuya kweyisishiyagalombili ubudala

Ukudla nokudla

Uma uncelisa: Nakekela umntwana wakho ngokufunwa ngokulandela amagama akhe. Akuzona zonke ukukhala kusho ukuthi ulambile, ngakho-ke uma ebonakala efuna ukudla kaningi ngaphezu kwehora kanye nengxenye noma kunjalo, qiniseka ukuthi akaphikisana ngoba udinga ukuguqulwa kwe-diaper noma akakhululekile ngesizathu esithile. Mhlawumbe umaka omncane entanyeni ye-onese yakhe uyayifaka intamo yakhe, noma akafudumala ngokwanele. (Ngokuvamile, izinsana zidinga ungqimba olulodwa olwedlula ukwedlula abantwana asebekhulile kanye nabantu abadala) Ungase akhathele futhi unenkathazo ezithobisa.

Uma ukondla ibhodlela: Insana yakho ingase ithathe ama-ounces amabili kuya kwangu-3 e-iron-fortified formula njalo emahoreni amabili kuya kwangu-4.

Ukulala

Uma ingane yakho ilele isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora amane noma amahlanu ngaphandle kokondla, ngomusa imvuselele kumhlengikazi noma uthathe ibhodlela. Ngokufanelekile, uzodonsa amahora angu-14 kuya kwangu-17 nsuku zonke, futhi angaphansi kuka-11 noma ngaphezulu kuka-19, ngokusho kwe-NSF.

Ukuhlolwa kweviki eli-2

Ngesikhathi sokuvakashela izingane kahle, udokotela wezingane uzolinganisa ukuphakama kwengane yakho, isisindo, kanye nenhloko yekhanda bese umhlola ukuze akhule futhi athuthukise njengoba kulindeleke. Ngalesi sikhathi kufanele ukuba afinyelele (noma ngisho nangaphezu kwe-ounces ambalwa) isisindo sakhe sokuzalwa . Udokotela angase aphinde aphinde ahlole ukuhlolwa kokuzalwa kwengane yakho. Uma ingane yakho ingatholi ukugonywa kwakhe kokuqala kwesibindi esibhedlela, ingase ithole udutshulwa evikini lakhe elingu-2.

Okuhle Kokukwazi: Ukuphepha, Okubaluleke kakhulu, nokuningi

• Emasontweni angu-4 ungase ucabange ukufaka ingane yakho ku- pacifier . Kuzosiza ukwanelisa isidingo sakhe sokuncelisa, okuyisimo esinamandla nesiduduzayo sabantwana abasha. I-binky ingase isebenze enye injongo ebalulekile: Kukhona ucwaningo oluthile lokubonisa ukusebenzisa i-pacifier lungaba yisivikelo ku-SIDS. I-American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) icebisa ukunikeza i-pacifier ngezikhathi zokulala kuphela. Uma iphuma emlonyeni wengane yakho lapho ephuma, ungayibuyisela kabusha.
• Ezinye izindaba ezivamile zezempilo okufanele ziqaphele emavikini amabili zi-reflux ne-baby acne.

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I-Infant yakho eneminyaka engu-2 ukuya kweyesithathu ubudala

Ukudla nokudla

Uma uncelisa: Nakuba kufanele uqhubeke nokudla ngokufunayo, kungenzeka ukuthi ingane yakho (ekugcineni) iyoba nesimiso esivamile futhi ikwazi ukuhamba amahora amathathu kuya kwangu-4 phakathi kohlelo lokuhlengikaza.

Uma ukondla ibhodlela : Umntanakho uzothatha ama-ounces ama-5 kuya kwangu-6 e-iron-fortified formula njalo emahoreni amathathu kuya kwangu-4. Izisekelo eziyisisekelo zokudla ngamabhodlela ukukhumbula engqondweni yakho: Ungabeki umncane wakho embhedeni ngebhodlela noma uqhube ibhodlela ukuze umondle "ngaphandle kwezandla." Kanti akeke uphefumule ifomula, noma ubisi lwebele kulolu daba, ku-microwave. Beka ibhodlela esitsheni esigcwele amanzi ashisayo imizuzu embalwa ukuze ususe.

Asikho isidingo sokunikeza amanzi wakho, amanzi, noma okusanhlamvu okwamanje. Eqinisweni, i-AAP iluleka ukulinda kuze kube yilapho ingane ineminyaka engama-100 ngaphambi kokunikeza ijusi, ngisho noma ingamaphesenti angu-100 ejusi yezithelo. Kodwa phawula ukuthi i-AAP itusa izinsana zokubeletha zithola amaconsi omlomo we-vitamin D usuku ngalunye ukukhuthaza amathambo aqinile, anempilo.

Ukulala

Kuze kube manje, ingane yakho kungenzeka ukuthi ilele ebhassinet noma embikweni. Lesi yisikhathi esihle sokumyisa esitokisini. Yenza indawo ephephile yokulala: Ungabeki ama-bumpers noma imibhede evulekile kulesi sikhala. Ishidi elihlanganisiwe yilokho okudingayo; sebenzisa lo mntwana okhangayo njengoba udonga ulenga noma uludonsela ngaphesheya kwesihlalo sokuqoqa okwamanje. Ngisho ithoyizi eligxotshiwe lingakwazi ukumboza ubuso bomntwana ngokungapheli futhi lenze kube nzima ukuphefumula. Ukugcina ingane yakho ifudumele futhi ihlelekile, imgqoke ebuthongweni oyedwa.

Ukuhlola kahle kwezingane

Kulokuvakashelwa, udokotela wengane yakho uzolinganisa ukuphakama, isisindo, nesisindo sakhe sekhanda futhi amhlole ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi uyakhula futhi uthuthuke njengoba kulindelwe. Ingane yakho izoqala nokuthola imithi yokugoma , kuhlanganise ne-DTaP, i-IPV, i-HepB (lezi zintathu zingahle zihlangane ngokudubula okulodwa), i-Hib, i-Prevnar ne-RotaTeq.

Okuhle Kokukwazi: Ukuphepha, Okubaluleke kakhulu, nokuningi

• Uma ingane yakho inama- colic , izimpawu zakhe kufanele zifinyelele cishe emavikini angu-6 futhi zihambe kahle ngenkathi ineminyaka engu-3 noma engu-4 ubudala.
• Umntanakho usemdala ngokwanele ukuthola izidakamizwa ezinambuzane aqukethe i-DEET. Udokotela wakho wezingane angancoma eyodwa uma yisikhathi sonyaka lapho omiyane bekhona ngenkathi futhi uzoba ngaphandle kanzima.
• Lungele ukuhlaselwa kwezigameko ezimnandi. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezalandela, lindele ukuthi ingane yakho imomotheka, ihleke futhi iphakamise, futhi iphakamise ikhanda futhi isifuba ngenkathi ilele esiswini sayo. Uzobe esendleleni yokuzulazula , ubeke isisindo emilenzeni yakhe, ehlezi ngokusekelwa, futhi ebambelele ekubambeni.
• Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule uma kuziwa ezimayini: Amantombazane akhula ngokuhamba kwawo futhi kunezinto eziningi ezijwayelekile uma kuziwa lapho zifinyelela khona. Zama kanzima ukuqhathanisa inqubekelaphambili yakho encane nomntanakhe noma ingane yomngane wakho omkhulu. Uma uzizwa ukuthi ingane yakho ishiya emuva ngandlela-thile, bheka ingane yakho.
• Ezinye izingqinamba zezempilo ongase uzihlangabezane nazo ngalesi sigaba zihlanganisa i-thrush, ukuhlaselwa kwe-diaper, reflux yintsana, ukushisa okushisa, kanye ne-eczema.

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I-Infant yakho eneminyaka engu-4 kuya kwezinhlanu ubudala

Ukudla nokudla

Ezinyangeni ezingu-4, ubisi lwebele noma ifomula lesine enezinsimbi yilezi kuphela ukudla okudingekayo ingane yakho. Uma unakekela, ungaqhubeka nokumondla ngokufunwa. Amantombazane aphethwe yibhodlela kufanele athole ama-ounces amahlanu kuya kwangu-6 wefomula izikhathi ezine kuya kweziyisithupha ngosuku-inani elilodwa lama-24 kuya ku-32. Nokho, ngenyanga noma amabili ozayo, ungaqala ukujwayeza ingane yakho ngokuzwa ukudla okune-spoon nokudla okuqinile emlonyeni wakhe. Emva kokuthola ukukhanya okuluhlaza kusuka kudokotela wengane yakho, hlanganisa uhlamvu oluncane lomntwana nobisi lwebele, ifomula, noma amanzi bese ulondla ingane yakho nge spoon (hhayi ebhodleleni). Abazali bavame ukuqala nge-rice cereal kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kubangela ukuqotshwa. Zama i-oatmeal noma enye i-cereal nge-fibre uma i-rice cereal yinkinga.

Ukulala

Ingane yakho ingase iphuce amahora ambalwa ngesikhathi sokulala esiphelele sayo: I-NSF itusa izingane ezineminyaka engama-4 kuya kwezingu-11 zilele amahora angu-12 kuya kwangu-15 ngosuku, kuhlanganise naps.

Ukuhlola kahle kwezingane

Ngesikhathi sokuhlola inyanga ezine, udokotela wezingane uzolinganisa ingane yakho futhi ahlole ukuphakama nokuphakama kwekhanda lakhe. Uyomnika isikhathi esiphelele sokuqinisekisa ukuthi uthuthuka ngenani eliphilile futhi uzokubuza imibuzo ngokudla kwakhe nokulala. Kuyoba khona isibhamu ngaphezulu: Ukugonywa kule minyaka kufaka i-DTaP, i-IPV, i-HepB (lezi zintathu zingahle zihlanganiswe ku-Pediarix yokugoma komuthi), i-Hib, i-Prevnar, i-RotaTeq.

Okuhle Kokukwazi: Ukuphepha, Okubaluleke kakhulu, nokuningi

• Ezinye izici ezimnandi okumelwe zibheke kuzo ngalesi sikhathi: Ingane yakho ingase ikwazi ukugudlulela phambili ukusuka phambili kuya emuva, ibeke isisindo emilenzeni, ihlezi ngokusekela, idonse endaweni ehlezi futhi ihlezi ngokusekelwa, futhi ibambe itekisi.
• Njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi uthweswe iziqu ebhodini lomntwana ukuya ejwayelekile, wabeka izinga lokushisa lomshini wakho wokushisa wamanzi ashisayo ku-120 F ukuvimbela ukushisa ngengozi.
• Yiqiniso, akuphephile ukushiya ingane yedwa embhedeni noma ithebula eliguqukayo.

Izinkinga Zengane Ezivamile

Qhubeka ubheka izimpawu zezindaba ezivamile ezibhekiswe ezinyangeni ezimbili ezinyangeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, qaphela ukuqhuma kwesikhumba okubizwa ngokuthi i-cradle cap.

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Ingane yakho eneminyaka engu-6 kuya kweyisikhombisa ubudala

Ukudla nokudla

Qhubekani ukunikeza ukondla obisika-4 kuya ku-5 obisi lwebele noma isisombisi sesana esinezinsimbi (ama-24 kuya ku-32 ama-ounces) kanye nezinhlayiya ezine noma ngaphezulu zetshezi ensimbi enezinsimbi ngosuku ngalunye. Ungase futhi uqale ukondla ukudla okuphekwe kahle, okuhlanjululwe, noma okufakwe emanzini okugcoba noma izithelo noma ukudla okulungiselelwe ukudayiswa kwezingane.

I-AAP itusa ukuba "ukuncelisa kufanele kuqhutshwe okungenani unyaka wokuqala wokuphila nokudlulela isikhathi eside njengoba nje ufunwa ngumama nengane."

Ingane yakho cishe izoyeka ukuphasisa phakathi kwaleli langa ngalesikhathi (nakuba ezinye izinsana ezincelisayo zizoqhubeka). Uma kungenjalo, kanti ingane yakho ithola isisindo kahle, kancane kancane unciphise ukuthi ubeka kangakanani ibhodlela ubusuku obunye. Yeka kancane kancane lokhu kokudla ndawonye ndawonye.

Ukulala

Amaphethini okulala komntwana wakho angeke ashintshe okuningi kuleli phuzu:

Ukuhlola kahle kwezingane

Lindela ukuhlolwa okuphelele ngokomzimba, ukubuyekezwa kokuhlelwa kwezikhathi zokulala nokulala, kanye nezilinganiso zokukhula ezijwayelekile. Futhi, ukugoma kuhlanganisa i-DTaP, i-IPV, i-HepB (lezi zintathu zingase zihlanganiswe ku-Pediarix yokugoma komuthi), i-Hib, i-Prevnar, noma i-RotaTeq.

Okuhle Kokukwazi: Ukuphepha, Okubaluleke kakhulu, nokuningi

• Usana lwakho cishe luphindwe kabili ngesisindo sakhe sokuzalwa manje.
• I-American Academy of Dentists yamazinyo ithi kulungile ukuthi ingane isebenzise i-pacifier kuze kube yiminyaka engu-3, ​​kodwa manje yisikhathi esihle sokuqala ukuyikhawulela kumaphuphu kanye nokulala.
• Qala ukuvimbela ingane yakho ekhaya, ngaphambi kokuba ingane yakho iselula kakhulu.
• Izinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ezingokwenyama ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-6 kuya kwezingu-7 ubudala zihlezi phezulu futhi ziqhubekela phambili.
• Isikhumba somntanakho singakwazi ukusingatha isikrini selanga esilula manje, kodwa kusabalulekile ukumgcina ephuma elangeni ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma ungaphandle, ngisho nasezinsukwini ezishisayo ugqoke izingubo ezincane ezimboza izingalo nemilenze yakhe, i-sunbonnet noma isikebhe esinezibambo nxazonke ukuvikela ubuso bakhe nasentanyeni yakhe, nezibuko zelanga (uma 'Ngizokugcina). Nakuba ungasebenzisa manje emntwaneni wakho, gwema ukushisa kwelanga kakhulu.
• Isikhathi sokufika lapho izinyo zokuqala kwezingane zingashintsha kancane, kepha zilungele lezo zeparele zokuqala ezincane ukuqala ukuhamba-futhi ukungahambi kahle kungabangela. Ezinye izingane zibonakala zingaboni, kodwa ezinye azizwa zingakhululekile. I-ring yokudliwayo futhi, ngokugunyazwa nodokotela wakho, i-dose efanelekayo yobudala ye-acetaminophen ingaletha impumuzo.

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Ingane yakho eneminyaka engu-8 kuya kweyishumi nane ubudala

Ukudla nokudla

Qhubeka unikeza ingane yakho ukunikezwa kokuncelisa ubisi lwamabele amathathu noma amahlanu noma ama-ounces angu-24 kuya kwangu-32 wefomula lesana elinesibindi esinezinsimbi ngosuku ngalunye. Engeza kulezo zipofu ezine noma ngaphezulu ze-cereal, imifino, nezithelo kanye kanye noma kabili ngosuku. Ungase futhi uqale ukwengeza ukudla okunye okuqukethe amaprotheni kanye nokudla komunwe kanye.

Ukulala

Amantombazane kule minyaka ngokuvamile alele amahora angama-12 kuya ku-15, okubalwa njengambalwa kunye futhi amaningi njengamahora amahora amane kuya ku-naps eside emini, ngokusho kwe-National Sleep Foundation.

Ukuhlola kahle kwezingane

Ekuvakasheni kwengane yakho ingane, udokotela wezingane uzomnika ukuhlolwa okuphelele ngokomzimba, ahambe ngokudla nokulala, nawe ulinganise futhi ulinganise, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi useyindlela yokuthuthukiswa. Uzothola umthamo wakhe wesithathu wokugonywa kwe-HepB uma engakaboni kanye nomhlengikazi angase athole igazi ukuze amsize i-anemia futhi aholele ubuthi.

Okuhle Kokukwazi: Ukuphepha, Okubaluleke kakhulu, nokuningi

• Ingane yakho izothanda imidlalo ephindaphindiwe njenge-peek-a-boo ne-pat-a-cake. Uzokujabulela nokufundelwa. Akukaze kusheshe kakhulu ukuphahla incwadi. Uzobe esesimweni sokuthola izwe lakhe, ngakho mnike amathuba amaningi okuhlola. Ngokusobala, njengoba eba ngokuzimela angase aqale ukukhombisa izimpawu zokuhlukana nokukhathazeka kwesihambi. Mkhuthaze ukuba ahlole, kodwa ungamvumeli ukuba alahleke. Udinga ukugcina iso ekuphepheni kwakhe futhi kuzodingeka wazi ukuthi useduze.
• Umhloli wakho omncane uzohlola yonke into angathola ngayo ama-mitts akhe amancane ukuze uqaphe ngokuqapha ngezinhlekelele zokuphepha. Gcina phansi nanoma yiziphi izakhiwo angakwazi ukuzifinyelela ngaphandle kwezikhwama zepulasitiki noma izinto ezincane ukuze akwazi ukunyakaza. Indlela enhle yokulinganisa lokhu: Noma yini engangena ngaphakathi kwephepha lezindlu zangasese noma ithawula lephepha yile ngozi ingozi yokuhlasela. Ukushaywa kwethelevishini kanye nefenisha engaqiniseki nakho kuyingozi kwabancane abakwazi ukukhipha izinto. Ama-TV aphephile, amashalofu, nanoma yini enye engase ikwazi ukugoqa kalula ezindongeni.
• Ungalingwa ukuguqula isihlalo somoto wengane yakho nxazonke okwamanje: Kufanele aqhubeke egijima ebheke emuva aze abe ngu-2 noma efinyelele isisindo sokuphakama nokuphakama kwesihlalo sakhe semoto. Nakuba lokhu kusho ukuthi ezinye izinsana ezinkulu zingase zilungele ukuphothula esihlalweni semoto esibhekene ne-back convertible esibhekene naso, kunezibonelo ezimbalwa zezihlalo ezisezinsana kuphela ezinomkhawulo wezinyawo ezingamaphesenti angama-30 kuya kwangu-35 okumele ufike kuwe emlandweni wesigameko sokuphepha esihlalweni semoto esilandelayo.

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Umfana wakho oneminyaka engu-12 kuya kwengu-14 ubudala ubudala

Ukudla nokudla

Uma ephuza ifomula, ingane yakho ingashintshela ubisi lweenkomo ezihambisana nomzimba. Mnike ubisi obuphelele, hhayi ukugcoba noma amafutha aphansi. Ochwepheshe abaningi manje bakholelwa ukuthi ubisi olubi oluvela ezinkomeni ezinotshani lunempilo kakhulu kunamakhomikhali e-hormone-futhi-antibiotic-ayingqayizivele evela ezinkomeni ezidla okusanhlamvu, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni, ngakho gcina lokhu engqondweni lapho ubisi bethengisa. Kubiza okungaphezulu, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kungakufanelekela. Bona ukuthi ingane yakho idinga ngani.

Uma uqhubeka ukondla okungenani izikhathi ezimbili noma ezintathu ngosuku, asikho isizathu sokwethula ubisi lwezinkomo (ngaphandle uma udokotela wengane yakho ekucebisa ukuba). Futhi ungabi namahloni ngokuqhubeka nokunakekelwa uma wena nomntanakho nisakujabulela ukusondelana nokulula. Ngokusho kwe-AAP, "akukho mkhawulo ongaphezulu kunesikhathi sokuncelisa futhi akukho bufakazi bokusebenza kwengqondo noma ukulimala okuthuthukiswa kusukela ekunceliseni kuze kube ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila noma isikhathi eside."

Uma kungenjalo, ingane yakho izobe isesimweni sokudla esivumelana ngokuyisisekelo neminye yomndeni: ukudla okuyisithathu nokudla okulula okubili ngosuku ngalunye. Nakuba ezinye izingane ezinyangeni ezingu-12 zidla ukudla kwetafula kuphela, ezinye zidla ukudla kwezingane zodwa, kanti ezinye zijabulela kancane kancane. Uma ufuna ukunikela ijusi lakho lomntwana ngalesi sigaba, qinisekisa ukuthi i-juice yesithelo se-100% engenaso ushukela owengeziwe noma isiphuzo esiphuthumayo. I-AAP ithi ama-ounces angu-4 wejusi ngosuku baningi kubantwana abaneminyaka engu-1 kuya ku-3.

Ukulala

Ingane yakho encane kufanele ikwazi ukulala okungenani amahora angu-11 ubusuku bonke. Angase athathe ama-naps amabili nsuku zonke, nakuba ezinye izingane zishiya inhlanzi yasekuseni isikhathi esithile phakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-12 no-18.

Ukuhlola kahle kwezingane

Kulolu dokotela ovakashele, lindele ukuhlola okuphelele ngokomzimba, ukubuyekezwa kokudla kwengane yakho kanye nokuhlelwa kwezikhathi zokulala, kanye nezilinganiso zokukhula ezijwayelekile. Ukugoma kungase kuhlanganise inhlanganisela ethile ye-MMR, i-Varivax, i-Hib, i-Prevnar, ne-hepatitis A. Njengoba ububanzi bezinyanga ezingu-12 kuya kwezingu-15 ngokuningi kwalokhu kudutshulwa, ingane yakho izothola manje futhi enye ekuhlolweni kwezinyanga ezingu-15. I-IPV yesithathu ne-HepB shots nazo ngezinye izikhathi zinikezwa ezinyangeni ezingu-12.

Okuhle Kokukwazi: Ukuphepha, Okubaluleke kakhulu, nokuningi

• Uma ingane yakho ingazange ithathe izinyathelo zokuqala kodwa cishe izokwenza lokho kungekudala. Myeke ahambe ngengubo ezingenagqoke izicathulo ngangokunokwenzeka (hhayi ngaphandle lapho angase aqhubekele okuthile okubukhali noma ukushisa izinyawo ezinyaweni zakhe ezishisayo, Yebo), ukumvumela ukuba akhe imisipha kulawo mazinyane nezinyawo ezincane.
• Ezikhathini zokudla kanye nezikhathi zokudla ingane yakho kufanele ikwazi ukuzitholela ukudla. Mkhuthaze ukuba adle ngeminwe yakhe, zama ukungena ekudleni okunethezeka nge-spoon yakhe, uphuze endebeni. Myeke ahlaziye njengento edingekile: Yilokhu okuyi-bibs (nezilwane ezifuywayo).
• Thola ukuthi kukhona i-fluoride emanzini wakho okupompi. Uma engekho noma ukhetha ukusebenzisa amanzi asebhodini noma ahlungiwe, udokotela wakho wezingane angase afune ukunikeza ama-supplements e-fluoride ukusiza ukugcina abamhlophe bezingane zabo beqinile futhi bephilile njengoba beqhubeka nokungena.

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Umfana wakho oneminyaka engu-15 kuya kwengu-17 ubudala ubudala

Ukudla nokudla

Ngezinyanga ezingu-15, kungenzeka ukuthi ingane yakho ishiyelwe ukudla ukudla komntwana futhi idla izinguqulo ezinqunywe noma ezigcotshwe yilokho wena nomndeni wonke odlayo. Qaphela ukuthi ungakusizi ukudla angase akhokhe kuwo, njengezithelo zomvini wonke; imifino eluhlaza; I-Popcorn ; izinja ezishisayo; amantongomane nembewu; iziqu zenyama, ushizi, noma ibhotela le-peanut; futhi candy kanzima noma sticky. Uma usengamncelisa, ugcine njalo uma nje wena nomntanakho bethanda; angeke adinge ubisi lwezinkomo uma nje engumhlengikazi okungenani amabili noma kathathu ngosuku.

Ubisi lweenkomo emkhawulweni kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi kumayunithi angu-16 kuya kwangu-24 ngosuku nosuku ama-ounces angu-4. Lesi yisikhathi esihle sokuyeka ukunikeza ingane yakho ibhodlela uma ungakabi khona.

Ukulala

Ngokufanelekile, ngokusho kwe-NSF, ingane yakho izolala amahora angu-11 kuya kwangu-14 ngosuku, kufaka phakathi eyodwa noma amabili naps.

Ukuhlola kahle kwezingane

Ngesikhathi sokuhlola inyanga engu-15, udokotela wengane yakho uyomhlola ahambe emisebenzini yakhe yokudla nokulala, amlinganise futhi alinganise ukuphakama kwakhe futhi aqhubeke nesimiso sakhe sokugoma. Amahlumela awathola kulolu hambo azoxhomekeka kulawo awamtholile enyangeni engu-12 yokuhlola futhi angabandakanya inhlanganisela ethile ye-MMR, i-Varivax, i-Hib, i-Prevnar, ne-Hepatitis A. I-DTaP yesine kanye ne-IPV yesithathu ne-HepB shots nazo ngezinye izikhathi enikezwe ezinyangeni ezingu-15.

Okuhle Kokukwazi: Ukuphepha, Okubaluleke kakhulu, nokuningi

• Lindela encane yakho ukuhlanganisa ama-syllables; uthi mama / dada namanye amagama amaningana; baqonde imiyalo elula; ukuhamba kahle-mhlawumbe ngisho nokugijima kancane noma ukukhuphuka izinyathelo ezimbalwa; bamba izinto ndawonye (mnike ukufinyelela ezimbizeni, amapanini, nezinkezo ezikhuni ekhishini futhi uyojabula njengelapho); ujabulele ukufunda nokukhomba izithombe zezinto ezijwayelekile.
• Ama-tantrum ajwayelekile kuminyaka; noma ukudla okukhethile. Kokubili ukuziphathisa ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukuzimela kwengane, okuyinto enhle, ngakho-ke zama ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuziphatha ezinomusa, ezinjengokuphazanyiswa, uma kunokwenzeka. Futhi udumise ingane yakho ngokuziphatha okuhle. Kungenzeka ukuthi aqhubeke enza okuthile okuthola isikhuthazo kunokuba ayeke ukwenza okuthile ajeziswe ngakho.

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Umfana wakho oneminyaka engu-18 kuya kwangu-23 ubudala

Ukudla nokudla

Zama ukungavumeli ingane yakho igcwalise ubisi noma ijusi; uma kungenjalo, angeke abe nendawo yokudla okuqinile . Ungamcindezeli ukuba adle uma engalambi noma ukuhlanza ipuleti yakhe uma egcwele ngaphambi kokuthi ingenalutho. Lokho kungaba iresiphi yokudla izinkinga phansi komgwaqo. Akuyona into engavamile ukuba izingane zonyaka zidle ukudla okubili kuphela ngosuku, ngakho-ke uma i-tot yakho inesidlo sasekuseni nesidlo sasemini, kungenzeka ukuthi kuhle uma nje ekhetha ukudla kwakhe. Ingane yakho manje ingase iqale ukwenqaba ukudla ukudla okunye, ikhethe kakhulu, noma iya kuma-binges lapho ifuna ukudla okunye kuphela. Indlela ebalulekile izingane ezifunda ukuzimela ziwukuzimela ngokuzimela ngokudla, uma nje ingane yakho ikhula ngendlela evamile futhi inamandla amaningi okudlula usuku lokudla cishe akukho isizathu sokukhathazeka ngalokho akudlayo noma okungakanani.

Ukulala

Akufanele kube khona amashidi amakhulu esimisweni sokulala kwengane yakho kuleli phuzu: Kufanele angene phakathi kwamahora angu-11 no-14 okuvalelwa usuku ngalunye, kufaka phakathi naphakathi kwentambama.

Ukuhlola kahle kwezingane

Yini ongayilindela: ukuhlolwa okuphelele ngokomzimba, ukulinganisa ukukhula, kanye nemigomo. Ingane yakho encane mhlawumbe izothola umgomo we-DTaP kulolu hambo futhi, uma ingakafiki, i-HepB yakhe yesithathu, i-IPV yesithathu, i-Varivax, kanye / noma i-hepatitis A shot.

Okuhle Kokukwazi: Ukuphepha, Okubaluleke kakhulu, nokuningi

• Izingane zalesikhathi zizibophezele kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile azilungele ukuthuthukiswa ukuqonda ukuthi zingabelana kanjani. Kulungile. Umntanakho angase angadlali ngenye inyane, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi uzodlala namanye abantwana.
• Ngezinyanga ezingu-18, iningi lezingane likwazi ukubamba ukunyakaza kwezinyosi kanye nesisu, ngokusho kwe-AAP. Kodwa izingane zonyaka zingavamile ukukulungele-ngamanye amagama, zikwazi ukuqonda ukuthi isifiso sokuzikhulula sisho ukuthi kufanele sihlale endlini yangasese ukuze sikwenze. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubheke phambili ukuthinta izindiza, zama ukubekezela. Uma ucindezela ukuqeqeshwa ngamanzi ngaphambi kokuba ingane yakho isilungele ngempela, kuyoba yimpi enkulu kunokuba uma ulinde ezinye izinyanga eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu. Ngaleso sikhathi "uzothola" kalula, uzokwazi ukubhekana nezembatho (ukuvala amabhulukwe, ukudonsa izingubo zangaphansi, nokunye nokunye), futhi mhlawumbe uzoba nesifiso sokusebenzisa indlu yokugezela njenge ukuphumula komndeni.

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Umfana wakho oneminyaka engu-2 ubudala

Ukudla nokudla

Izingane ezineminyaka emibili zikwazi ukuzikhethela abadlayo, futhi iningi alikwazi ukudla ukudla okunomsoco njalo ngosuku olulodwa. (I-macaroni e-Plain ne-applesauce yekusasa, ukudla kwasemini, neyokudla, noma ubani?) Noma kunjalo, ngaphezu kweviki, intsha encane iyophatha ukuthola izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezidlweni zazo ukuze zimboze izisekelo zokudla okunomsoco. Uma ukhathazekile ngokuthi ingane yakho ayikho, khuluma nodokotela wezingane.

Ungase futhi uxoxe ngohlobo lobisi olunika ingane yakho. Ungaqala ukuhlinzeka ngamaphesenti angu-2, amafutha aphansi noma ama-skim manje, nakuba kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ochwepheshe bezokudla baqhubeka beza ukweluleka wonke umuntu ophuza ubisi lwezinkomo ukuze anamathele wonke. Kukhona ubufakazi obuningi bokuthi ubisi lobisi ngempela buyandisa ingozi yokuthola isisindo kanye ne-type 2 yesifo sikashukela. Noma yiluphi uhlobo lobisi olumkhonza ingane yakho, cabanga ukuthi uchithe amasheya ambalwa ngaphezu kosawoti oluvela ezinkolweni ezinotshani ezingazange zinikezwe ama-hormone noma ama-antibiotic. Buza udokotela wengane yakho iseluleko. Uma wena kanye ne-tot yakho befuna ukuqhubeka nokuncelisa, lokho kuhle kakhulu. Ngokusho kwe-AAP, "akukho mkhawulo ongaphezulu kunesikhathi sokuncelisa futhi akukho bufakazi bokusebenza kwengqondo noma ukulimala okuthuthukiswa kusukela ekunceliseni kuze kube ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila noma isikhathi eside."

Ukulala

Ingane yakho encane kufanele ilele inani eliphelele lamahora angu-11 kuya ku-14, kufaka hlangana nekhefu ntambama, nsuku zonke.

Ukuhlola kahle kwezingane

Kulo dokotela ukuvakashelwa, ungalindela ukuhlolwa okuphelele ngokomzimba udokotela wakho owenza njalo. Ukugoma kungase kubandakanye ukudubula kwesibili kwe-Hepatitis A futhi umhlengikazi angathatha igazi ukuze abuye abuyele esikrinini sokuhogela ukuphefumula nokuphelelwa yisifo semfuyo.

Okuhle Kokukwazi: Ukuphepha, Okubaluleke kakhulu, nokuningi

• Lesi yisikhathi lapho kuvame ukuzwakala khona ukuhambisa ingane kusuka embhedeni kuya embhedeni omncane , ikakhulukazi uma eqala ukukhuphuka esiqhingini noma ufike kumamitha amathathu ubude. Yenze kumnandi ngaye: Myeke akhethe ukulala kwakhe (ngisho noma ungakwazi ukuma umqondo wama-pink dinosaurs ashisayo) futhi udale umkhosi omncane ngaphandle komshini. Lokhu kuzosiza ukwenza ushintsho lokushiya isikhwama sakhe esivamile sokuzilalisa amalungiselelo amasha okulala kulula.
• Ku-2, ingane yakho ingase iqale ukuxoxa nawe, idale imisho emifushane kusuka ekulimeni kwamazwi angama-50, kufaka phakathi izimemezelo (Mina, mina, wena, mine). Uzokwazi futhi amagama omzimba womzimba futhi akwazi ukulandela imiyalo emibili, njengokuthi, "Thatha isikhwama sakho kusuka ekamelweni bese uyifaka."
• Kule minyaka yobudala, ungalindela ukuthi ingane yakho iqale ukugqoka, ukuxubha amazinyo ngosizo lwakho, ukugqoke izingubo zokugqoka, nokufaka imicibisholo emibili kuya kweziyisithupha. Kumele akwazi ukuhamba ngezinyathelo, ukukhahlela ibhola bese uphonsa phezulu, bese uqaqa phezulu.
• Ingane yakho ingase ilungele ukuqala ukuqeqeshwa kwamanzi ngokuzimisela. Ngokusho kweZero kuya kuThathu, inhlangano engeyona inzuzo eyinikezelwe kubazali abesekela kuzo zonke izigaba ezithuthukisiwe zokukhula kwasekhaya, izibonakaliso zokulungela ukuqeqeshwa kwezindlu zangasese zihlanganisa ukuhlala omile amahora amabili ulandelana noma ukuvuka okumile kusuka emanzini; ekuqapheliseni ukuthi ubhekene nokucubungula noma ukuklolodela njengoba kwenzeka (angase angene kwelinye igumbi uma ehamba ngokunyakaza, isibonelo); uyakwazi ukwenza izinto ezinjengokuhamba ukuya emanzini futhi ahlale kuso (ngosizo, uma ewudinga); angadonsa amabhulukwe akhe phezulu naphansi; kungaba ukulandela imiyalelo elula; futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ucela ukugqoka izingubo zangaphansi ezincane noma ukusebenzisa umama njengomama noma ubaba noma ingane yakhulile.

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Umfundi wakho oneminyaka engu-3 ubudala

Ukudla nokudla

Umntwana oneminyaka engu-3 uzofuna ukuqhubeka nokukhuluma okuningi kulokho akufaka emlonyeni wakhe ngangokunokwenzeka. Umsebenzi wakho, ke, ukumnika ukudla okuningi, kepha qiniseka ukuthi banempilo. Uma enokuzikhethela phakathi kwe-chips amazambane nama-strawberries, angase ahambe aye ku-chips. Kodwa uma enikezwa ama-strawberries noma ama-blueberries, konke okusanhlamvu okubandayo noma oatmeal, i-yogurt noma i-hummus, noma yini ayisebenzela kuyoba kuhle kuye.

Ukulala

Njengoba engena eminyakeni yakhe yasenkulisa, ingane ingase idingeke ilale kancane kancane. I-NSF incoma izingane ezineminyaka engama-3 no-5 zilele phakathi kwamahora angu-10 no-13. Ezinye izingane zonyaka zingadlulela njengamahora ambalwa amahora angu-8 noma zingadinga amahora angu-14 okulala. Futhi nakuba ingane yakho ingamelana nayo, kufanele iqhubeke nokuthatha intambama ebusuku.

Ukuhlola kahle kwezingane

Ngesikhathi sokuvakashela izingane kahle, udokotela wezingane uzohlolwa ngokucophelela ngokomzimba, athathe isilinganiso sokukhula (isisindo nokuphakama), hlola ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho yokufundela esikoleni isendleleni ekuhloswe ngayo, futhi mhlawumbe wenze ukuhlolwa kombono wokuhlola . Uma ingane yakho ingakamukeli i-HepA shot, ingayithola manje.

Okuhle Kokukwazi: Ukuphepha, Okubaluleke kakhulu, nokuningi

• Emotweni, bhinca ingane yakho esihlalweni semoto esibhekene naso ne-harness straps uze ivele isihlalo. Angase aphikisele, kodwa lokhu akufanele ukuxoxisana.
• Kule minyaka yobudala, ingane yakho iyazimela ngokwengeziwe. Ungalindela ukuthi agqoke futhi aphathe ngisho nezinkinobho, ubeke amabhuloki amaningi ayisishiyagalolunye noma ayishumi, udwebe imibuthano kanye nezikwele, futhi usebenzise izikrini ezizimele. Uzokwazi futhi ukuqala ukuxubha amazinyo akhe, kodwa qaphela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola yonke indawo yawo yonke emhlophe emhlophe. Lona unyaka okufanele abe nokuvakashela kwakhe wamazinyo okokuqala.
• Abaneminyaka emithathu ubudala banokukwazi ukulawula imizimba yabo futhi bayaqina ngokwengeziwe ngomzuzu. I-kid yakho izokwenzela noma yiziphi izinhlobo zokwenza izinto eziphathekayo: ukuhamba ngezinyathelo ngokushintsha izinyawo zayo, ukuxhuma phansi isiteji esingaphansi sesitezi, i-hoppin, ukuhamba ngezinzwane zayo, ukuhamba nge-tricycle. Ulwazimagama lwakhe luyobe landa kakhulu futhi luzokwazi ukubeka amagama amathathu noma amane emishweni. Lokhu kungakudonsa kancane ngenxa yokuthi cishe uzoqala ukukubuza ngemibuzo eminingi ethi "kungani". Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uzokujabulela ukuthola ukuthi angakhumbula imilolotelo yezingane zokubeletha futhi angase abe nezingxoxo ezithile ezijabulisayo nabangane abacabanga.
• Njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi uzoba esikoleni samabanga aphansi, othisha bakhe bangase babheke izibonakaliso zezinkinga zokufunda ezinjenge-attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Lokhu kuhle, ngoba ngokushesha ukukhishwa okunjalo kutholakala, kuzoba lula ukubhekana nayo.

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Umfundi wakho oneminyaka engu-4 ubudala

Ukudla nokudla

Njengoba njalo, lokho ingane yakho edla kubalulekile empilweni yakhe yonke. Ukudla ayifaka emzimbeni wakhe kungathinta kakhulu izingozi zakhe zokuba ngokweqile, ukuthuthukisa isifo sikashukela, noma ukuba namathambo abuthakathaka. Qhubeka ukumnikeza ukukhetha okunempilo ekudleni kanye nokudla okulula. Gcina izinketho ezincane ushukela owongeziwe namafutha angenampilo futhi umsize ukuba athuthukise ukunambitheka kwezithelo nemifino, ukudla okunomzimba, nemikhiqizo yobisi engahlosiwe. Imikhuba yakho yokudla izolungisa, ngakho-ke ayikwazi ukulimaza ukwenza ukudla okucatshangelwa nsuku zonke kube yinto yomndeni.

Ukulala

Ukuze uphuthukise ukuthuthukiswa kwakhe ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, ingane yakho eneminyaka engu-4 kufanele iqhubeke nokulala phakathi kwamahora angu-10 kuya kwangu-13 ngosuku, kufaka phakathi naphuphu ntambama, ngokusho kwe-NSF. Uma ingane yakho imelana nokulala, yambize isikhathi sokuphumula bese uyibeka embhedeni wakhe ngencwadi ukuze ubuke. Mhlawumbe uzolala (futhi uma engakwenzi, cishe uyokunika kokubili ukuphumula okuqabulayo).

Ukuhlola kahle kwezingane

Ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kohlelo, ingane yakho eneminyaka engu-4 ingase ithole ukushaywa kwezibhamu lapho uvakashele udokotela, kuhlanganise ne-DTaP, i-MMR, i-IPV, ne-Varivax booster (uma engenayo inkukhu). Udokotela (noma umhlengikazi wezisebenzi) naye angamcubungula ngemibono kanye nezinkinga zokuzwa.

Ungaqala ukuvakashela udokotela wamazinyo njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ohlelweni lokunakekelwa kwempilo yengane yakho njalo. Phakathi kwalezi zinqunqutjhe zokuqokwa kabili, qhubeka uhlola ukuqothula kwakhe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wenza umsebenzi omuhle okungenani kabili ngosuku. Uma unamazinyo asondelene ndawonye, ​​udokotela wamazinyo angase akusize ukuthi uqale ukushayela phakathi kwabo. Lokhu kungaba yinselele encane encane, kodwa kunezintambo eziningi ezilula zokuphatha ezenzelwe iminwe emincane. Buza udokotela wamazinyo wengane yakho lokho akuphakamisayo.

Okuhle Kokukwazi: Ukuphepha, Okubaluleke kakhulu, nokuningi

Gcina ingane yakho iphephile emotweni ngokuqhubeka nokuyibophezela esihlalweni semoto esibhekene naso nama-harnesses. Ukuphakama nesisindo, hhayi ubudala, kufanele kube yilokho okunquma lapho ingane iqhubekela phambili ezingeni elilandelayo lokuphepha kwemoto.

Qala ukukhuluma nengane yakho mayelana nokuqwashiswa kwamanye amazwe. Kusobala ukuthi ngeke ahambe noma kuphi ngaphandle kokukhula noma nini esikhathini esiseduze, kodwa umqondo obalulekile ukuba azijwayele.

Kule minyaka yobudala, ungalindela ukuthi ingane yakho igqoke ngokugcwele (kodwa ingakwazi ukubopha izicathulo zakhe okwamanje), ukudlala imidlalo ebhodi elula nemidlalo yekhadi (ngakho-ke zilungiselele ukujikeleza okungapheli kwe-Fish Go), futhi ufunde futhi ulandele okulula imithetho, njengokuthi "Geza njalo izandla zakho ngaphambi kokudla" noma "Azikho izicathulo ezisebusweni." Kufanele akwazi ukuhamba ngezinyawo, ahambe phansi abuye ahambe ngezinyawo, ahlanganise ndawonye imisho 4- kuya emihlanu, igama lamane noma ngaphezulu, bese ubalwa okungenani ezine. Futhi angathanda ukucula futhi azokuzithandela ukukutshela izinto ngaphandle kokubuza kwakho.

Uma eqeqeshwe ngamanzi ngokugcwele, ngisho nasebusuku, usengamisa umbhede ngezinye izikhathi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka kakhulu, khuluma nodokotela wezingane. Angase akhombise izimpawu zokuhlupha okukhulayo .

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Umfundi wakho oneminyaka engu-5 ubudala

Ukudla nokudla

Manje ukuthi uya enkulisa futhi angase asebenzise isikhathi esivela ekhaya ngaphandle kwakho, emidlalweni yokudlala nabangani, isibonelo, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi (ikakhulukazi) adla impilo enempilo ekhaya: Ngale ndlela lapho enikezwa ukwelashwa , nithi, i-party yokuzalwa noma ngenkathi ulingana nogogo nomkhulu okhululekile, uyazi ukuthi kuzolinganiswa yilokho okujwayelekile ukudla ekhaya. Okungasho ukuthi akufanele ujabulele amakhukhi noma i-ayisikhili ngezinye izikhathi wena. Ngempela, yini ebuntwaneni ngaphandle kweshukela kancane?

Ukulala

Isikhathi esithile phakathi kuka-5 no-6 izidingo zokulala kwengane yakho namaphethini azoshintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo. I-NSF ithi iningi lezingane liyeka ukuphumula ntambama ngesikhathi esithile emva kweminyaka emihlanu, nakuba kunezingane ezizoqhubeka zifuna (noma okungenani zidinga) ukunyundela noma ukuphumula ihora ngemva kokubuya ekhaya kusukela ngosuku olumatasa esikoleni.

Ukuhlola kahle kwezingane

Akufanele kube khona okumangazayo kulokhu kuhlolwa: Udokotela wezingane uzoqhubeka nokukala futhi alinganise ingane yakho, aqaphele ukukhula kwakhe ngokomzimba nokuthuthukiswa, isikrini semibono kanye nezinkinga zokuzwa, futhi anikeze noma yikuphi ukudubula okudingekayo. Imithi ejwayelekile yokuvakashela izingane ezineminyaka emihlanu ihlanganisa i-DTaP, i-MMR, i-IPV, ne-Varivax booster (yezingane ezingakaze zithole inkukhu).

Okuhle Kokukwazi: Ukuphepha, Okubaluleke kakhulu, nokuningi

• Ngokuzimela kwakhe okukhulayo engqondweni, qhubeka uqinisa imininingwane yokuphepha mayelana nengozi engaziwa, indlela yokuwela emgwaqweni, njalonjalo. Lesi yisikhathi esihle sokufundisa ingane ukuthi ungayishayela kanjani 911 esimweni esiphuthumayo. Angakwazi ukufunda ikheli lakhe nenombolo yakho yefoni kanye.
• Uma isekelwe kolwazi olufika ngesitifiketi somoto wengane yakho lude ngokwanele futhi ludinga ngokwanele ukuba lube lugijima, ungamhambisa esihlalweni se-booster esizomphakamisa ngokwanele ukuze angene ngokuphepha ngokuphepha kwe-shoulder and- ibhande lesikhumba. Ingxenyeni yegundane kufanele ifanelane ngokushelela phezulu kwezintambo zamathanga akhe futhi ihlombe lehlombe kufanele liwele esifubeni ngaphandle kokumba entanyeni yakhe.
• Lapho uneminyaka engu-5 ubudala, ingane ingaqala ukuthatha imisebenzi ethile elula futhi izingane eziningi kule minyaka zizimisele ukukwenza. Zama ukungaphuthelwa leli thuba ukuze uthole umsizi wakho omncane emkhondweni wokwenza izinto ezifana nokubeka izingubo zakhe ezingcolile ekuthintekeni, ukuhlanza izitsha zakhe kusukela etafuleni, nokunikeza ikati noma inja imbiza ebomvu noma amanzi.
• Ingane yakho ingaqala ukufunda ngemali manje. Cabanga ukumnika isabelo esincane kakhulu futhi ucacise ukuthi imali iyini: ukulondoloza ithoyizi ekhethekile, mhlawumbe, noma njengokuchitha imali ngesikhathi sokuphumula. Umthetho omuhle wesithupha ukubala inani lemali yesonto yosuku lwesonto esekelwe ubudala bakhe: amasenti angu-50 noma idola ngonyaka, isibonelo.

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Uneminyaka engu-6 ubudala

Ukudla nokudla

Ukukhuluphala kwezingane kuye kwafinyelela amazinga okuhlukunyezwa. Iphesenti yezingane ezinamafutha amaningi kakhulu kunezikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-kathathu kusukela ngo-1970, ngokusho kwe-CDC, ebeka izici ezinjengama-khalori amaningi kakhulu kusuka ku-juice, i-soda, ukudla okusheshayo, izingxenye eziphezulu, nomsebenzi okwanele. Unganciphisa ingozi yengane yakho yokuba ngokweqile ngokweqile ngokuqhubeka nokukhuthaza imikhuba yokudla enempilo, isikhathi sokukhawulela ngaphambi kwemidlalo yevidiyo ne-TV noma izikrini zekhompyutha, nokubeka isibonelo esihle ngokwakho.

Ukulala

Kusukela manje kuze kube yilapho esemncane, ingane yakho izodinga phakathi kwamahora ayisishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalolunye wekhwalithi yokulala ubusuku bonke. Ezinye izindlela zokugqugquzela lokhu zihlanganisa nokumdinga ukuba avimbe ifoni yakhe, ithebhulethi, noma i-laptop kukho okungenani ihora ngaphambi kokulala; ukuphoqelela isikhathi sokulala esivumela ukuthi angene ngemvume lawo mahora ayisishiyagalolunye kuya kwangu-11 (nje ubale emuva kunoma yisiphi isikhathi okufanele avuke ngaso ukuze alungele esikoleni); futhi enze ikamelo lakhe libe indawo ephumuzayo ukuba ibe.

Ukuhlola kahle kwezingane

Udokotela wengane yakho uzoqapha impilo yakhe yonke ngokuhlolwa okuphelele ngokomzimba, umnike noma yimiphi imithi engekho, bese uvula umbono wakhe nokuzwa.

Okuhle Kokukwazi: Ukuphepha, Okubaluleke kakhulu, nokuningi

• Qaphela ukukhathazeka okujwayelekile esikoleni okufana ne-ADHD, imithi yokwelapha kanye nesifo se-asthma. Ingane yakho ingase izwe ubuhlungu obukhulayo.
• Uma sebesebenzisa usuku lonke esikoleni ezinye izingane ziziqhenya ngokusebenzisa indawo yokugezela futhi zizobamba ukuhamba kwazo kuze zifike ekhaya. Lokhu kungaholela ekuqothulweni futhi, ekugcineni, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-encopresis. Yiqiniso, awufuni ukucindezela ingane yakho ngalokhu uma usola ukuthi kuyinkinga, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi ukhululekile ukuza kuwe mayelana nalokhu noma yimuphi omunye udaba lomuntu siqu.

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Uneminyaka engu-7 kuya kweyisishiyagalombili ubudala

Ukudla nokudla

Abaningi abaneminyaka esikoleni bafumana amakholori amaningi kakhulu kulokho abakuphuzayo-hhayi kuphela kwi-soda nakwezinye iziphuzo ezidakamizwa ushukela kodwa ngejusi yezithelo: I-AAP itusa izingane ezineminyaka engu-7 nangaphezulu ukuthi ziphuze ama-ounces angaphezu kuka-8 wezithelo ezingamaphesenti ayisishiyagalolunye ezingenasiphundu, ezingenakusihlwa ijusi nsuku zonke. Okunye okuketshezi komntwana kumele kuvele ebisi namanzi. Kubantwana abadlala kakhulu umdlalo wezemidlalo ngezikhathi ezithile emva kokuzivocavoca kwe-sweaty kulungile.

Ukulala

Isikhathi sokulala esivamile esizovumela umntwana wakho ukuba abe phakathi kwamahora ayisishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalombili ukulala kwekhwalithi njalo ebusuku kuyoba yisihluthulelo sokumsiza akhule futhi afunde. Njengoba unakho konke okusemandleni akho, zama ukugcina isimiso sakhe sokulala sempelasonto esifana nesonto. Iseluleko esifanayo sithatha ukuphumula kwamaholide esikoleni kanye nokuphumula kwehlobo: Kungaba nzima ukwenza umthamo wokulala emva kokulala ngisho nobusuku obuthile bokuvala okungenalutho.

Ukuhlola kahle kwezingane

Lokhu kuzoba ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile, kanye nanoma yisiphi isibhamu esingase sibe khona. Ezinye izingane ziqala ukubonisa izimpawu zokusheshe zifike eminyakeni yobudala; udokotela wezingane uzokwazisa uma ingane yakho ingomunye wayo.

Okuhle Kokukwazi: Ukuphepha, Okubaluleke kakhulu, nokuningi

• Angase akhiphe ukulingana, kodwa kuze kube yilapho ingane yakho iphakathi kuka-8 no-12 futhi okungenani ibe ngamasentimitha angu-57, ububanzi obuyi-9 ubude, kuzodingeka uqhubeke ehlezi esihlalweni sobukhulu ukuze amabhande esihlalo somlilo avikeleke yena engozini. Lokhu kungase kube nzima kakhudlwana kwengane ebani abangabangani bayo kunabo bonke, kepha lokhu kuyimithetho eyodwa engeke ixoxisane.
• Ukusebenza kwezikole kanye nezindaba zomphakathi kuzobaluleka kakhulu. Uma unenkinga ngaphambi kokuba kube khona izingqungquthela zomzali nabafundisi bakho ezihleliwe njalo, finyelela othisha bengane yakho usizo nosiqondiso. Bayobe betshalwe ekuboneni ingane yakho iphumelele njengoba ukhona.
• Lindela ingane yakho ukuba ibonakale i-boomerang kude nawe nakuyo yonke imindeni-ngezikhathi ezithile iphikelela ekwenzeni izinqumo ngabanye ngezinto ezifana nalokho azigqoka noma izinwele zakhe ziyonqunywe bese zidinga ukuba zikhishwe futhi zilandwe. Kungenza ube nuts, kodwa hamba nokugeleza kuze kube yilapho ukhululekile: Uma nje ingane yakho iphephile futhi inempilo kumnandi ukuba aqale ukuthuthukisa izindinganiso zakhe zokuziphatha nezindlela ezizimele zokucabanga.

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Uneminyaka engu-9 kuya kweyishumi ubudala

Ukudla nokudla

Khuthaza ingane yakho ukuba ithuthukise imikhuba emihle yokudla okunomsoco ozokwenza ukuthi ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwakhe kube khona manje futhi kumise impilo yonke yokudla okunempilo. Khonza izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezithelo nemifino kanye nama-protein anempilo afana nezinhlanzi, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezinamanzi abandayo abandayo emafutheni ama-omega ama-3, amantongomane nebhotela le-nut, amafutha anempilo afana nomnqumo, kanye ne-avocados. Khetha ukudla okusheshayo nokudla okungenamsoco njengokuphatha.

Ukulala

Isikole, umsebenzi wesikole, nemidlalo yemidlalo ntambama nezinye izinto zizoqala ukudla ngosuku lomntanakho, okungase kube nenselele uma kuziwa ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi uyakwazi ukungena kokubili isikhathi sokusebenza nokudlala kanye nokulala ngokwanele-phakathi kuka-9 Amahora angu-11 ubusuku bonke-ukuphumula kahle. Uma uneselula, ithebhulethi, noma i-laptop, lesi yisikhathi sokumfundisa ukuthi kubalulekile ukuvala okungenani ihora ngaphambi kokulala: Ukuveza ukukhanya okuvela esikrinini kungaphazamisa ukulala kwekhwalithi.

Ukuhlola kahle kwezingane

Lokhu kuzoba ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile, kanye nanoma yisiphi isibhamu esingase sibe khona. Ingane yakho ingase ibonise izimpawu zokukhulelwa, okuyinto udokotela wakhe azoxoxa nawe.

Okuhle Kokukwazi: Ukuphepha, Okubaluleke kakhulu, nokuningi

• Uma kungakafiki kakade, qala ukukhuluma nengane yakho mayelana nezingozi zokubhema ugwayi, ukuphuza, ukuphuza utshwala, futhi, yebo, ngisho nezidakamizwa. Izingane eziningi seziqalile ukuzama lezi zinto ngesikhathi ziqala esikoleni esiphakeme, noma ngisho nesikole esiphakathi, ngakho-ke, ngokusho kwe-AAP, awukwazi ukuqala ingxoxo ngokushesha.
• Ukuhlukunyezwa kungaba yinkinga ye-tweens yokuqala. Kuwebhusayithi yayo, inhlangano engenzi inzuzo I-Stomp Out Inhlukumezo Yokuhlukunyezwa ibonisa ukuthi ingane ihlukunyezwa, kuhlanganise nokukhathazeka ngokuya esikoleni, ukudabuka noma ukucindezeleka, ukulahlekelwa ukudla, ukusikeka okungaqondakali noma ukulimala, ukwesaba ukuya esikoleni, kanye nokuhlukunyezwa.

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Uneminyaka engu-11 kuya kweyishumi nambili ubudala

Ukudla nokudla

Ungathola ukuthi kuba nzima ngokwengeziwe ukuhlala njengomndeni ekudleni, ngenxa yezifundo zomculo, imikhuba yezemidlalo nemicimbi, nokuzimela kwengane yakho nokuhluma nokufisa ukuxhuma nabangani. Zama ukusebenza emndenini noma emibili ngesonto ngalunye: Lokhu kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuvikela izingane ekudleni nokuzibandakanya emisebenzini eyingozi njengokuphuza nokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa. Gcina engqondweni, akudingeki ukuba sidle! Ukuphumula kwamaviki noma ama-brunches, noma ngisho nokudla ndawonye ndawonye.

Ukulala

Ama-preteens adinga okungenani amahora angu-9 kuya kwangu-11 okulala nsuku zonke, kufaka phakathi ngezimpelasonto, ngokwe-NSF.

Ukuhlola kahle kwezingane

Udokotela wengane yakho cishe uzosikisela ingane yakho ithole i-HPV yakhe yokuqala idubule ngesikhathi esiphendukayo 11. I-HPV imelela i-papillomavirus yabantu, isikhuthazo esibonisiwe sokwandisa ingozi yemithi ethile yomdlavuza uma isakazwa ngocansi. I-CDC iluleka ngokuthi "zonke izingane ezineminyaka engu-11 noma engu-12 ubudala kufanele zithole izikhwama ezimbili ze-HPV yokugonywa ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya kweziyishumi nambili ngaphandle. Amantombazane athola izibhamu ezimbili ngaphansi kwezinyanga ezinhlanu ukuhlukana kuzodinga umthamo wesithathu we-HPV wokugoma." I-CDC iphinda iphakanyise izingane ukuthi zithole umjovo we-meningococcal ku-11 noma 12.

Okuhle Kokukwazi: Ukuphepha, Okubaluleke kakhulu, nokuningi

• Iminyaka eyishumi nantathu ingaba yinkinga enkulu kakhulu kuwe kanye nokudideka kakhulu kwengane yakho. Ukukhulelwa yedwa kuyanele ukwenza kokubili amantongomane amancane. Kungenzeka indodakazi yakho izoqala ukuthuthukisa amabele kanye nesidingo sokuqala ukufaka ibra. Futhi angase athole isikhathi sakhe sokuqala, ngakho-ke kuwumqondo omuhle ukubeka imali kuma-pads sanitary uma kwenzeka.
• Lokhu kuzozwakala okwethusa kancane, kodwa kuwumqondo omuhle ukugcina iso ngaphandle kwezibonakaliso zakho eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili zingase zizame ukuphuza noma izidakamizwa. Lokhu kungafaka iphunga lomusi noma utshwala ekugqokeni kwengane yakho noma umoya; amehlo abomvu; ukuziphatha okuyimfihlo; futhi ushintsho okungazelelwe kubangani abengena nabo.
• Ngo-13, i-CDC ithi izingane eziningi zinkulu ngokwanele ukuba zigibele ngokuphepha ngesihlalo sangaphambili semoto.

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Uneminyaka engu-13 kuya kwengu-18 ubudala

Ukuhlola kahle kwezingane

Ngesinye isikhathi phakathi neminyaka esemusha, ingane yakho ingase ifune ukushintshela kudokotela wezingane ofana nobulili obufana naye-ngokwesibonelo, uma udokotela wendodana yakho ehlale engowesifazane, angase azizwe ekhululekile ekuboneni owesilisa udokotela ngendlela efanayo noma omunye umkhuba. Akuzona zonke izingane ezizizwa ngale ndlela, kodwa kuyinto okufanele uyiqaphele futhi uyilungiselele. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udokotela, cishe uzoxoshwa ekamelweni lokuhlola; Udokotela wengane yakho uzobe esekhuluma nawe ngemuva kokubona ingane yakho.

Okuhle Kokukwazi: Ukuphepha, Okubaluleke kakhulu, nokuningi

Ingane yakho ingase iqale ukushayela ngenkathi ineminyaka engu-17. Awukwazi ukucindezela ngokwanele ingozi yokuthumela imiyalezo noma ukukhuluma ngomakhalekhukhwini ngenkathi ngemuva kwesondo lemoto. Ungakhulumi nje inkulumo, noma kunjalo; hamba ukuhamba. Ngisho nezingane ezindala ziyaqhubeka zifunde ngesibonelo futhi zikopishe ukuziphatha kwabazali bazo. Eqinisweni, yiba umshayeli ophephile kuzo zonke izindlela: Uma uphuze noma ukhathele kakhulu ukushayela ngokuphepha, vumela ingane yakho ikubone ukuyeka izihluthulelo kumngane noma ushayele imoto ukukuthola kusuka ekhoneni A ukuya ekukhomba B .

> Imithombo:

> I-American Academy of Pediatrics. "Ukubeletha Nokusetshenziswa Kwamanzi Omuntu." Izingane zokwelapha . 129 (3): e827-41. i-doi: 10.1542 / ama-peds.2011-3552. 2012.

> HealthyChildren.org. "Ukuphepha kwe-Pacifier." Novbaby 21, 2015.

> I-American Academy Yengane Yomntwana Nezingane Zomntwana We-Endocrine Society. "I-Vitamin D Ukuntuleka NeRickets." 2015.

> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. "Amaqiniso Okunciphisa Ubuntwana." 2017.