Ukuhlolwa kobuhlakani ukulinganisa ukusebenza komfundi okwamanje kwamandla ngokusebenza kwemisebenzi ehlukahlukene eyenzelwe ukuhlola izinhlobo ezahlukene zokucabanga. I-intelligence quotient (IQ) yomfundi ngokuvamile ilinganiswa nokuhlolwa okulinganiselwe ngokuhlolwa okujwayelekile .
Ukuhlakanipha kuhilela ikhono lokucabanga, ukuxazulula izinkinga, ukuhlaziya izimo, nokuqonda izindinganiso zomphakathi, amasiko kanye nemigomo.
Izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zobuhlakani zihileleke ekuhloleni okuningi kobuhlakani:
- I-Verbal Intelligence yikhono lokuqonda nokuxazulula izinkinga ezisekelwe enkulumweni.
- Intelligence Intelligence yikhono lokuqonda nokuxazulula izinkinga ezibonakalayo nezindawo.
Ngezinye izikhathi ubuhlakani bubizwa ngokuthi i-intelligence quotient (IQ), ukusebenza kwengqondo, ikhono lobuhlakani, ikhono lokucabanga, amakhono okucabanga, kanye nekhono elivamile.
Kungani ukuhlolwa kobuhlakani kubalulekile ekufundeni abakhubazekile abafundi?
Ukuhlolwa kobuhlakani kwenziwa ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuthi ingane ingalindelwa kanjani ukwenza nokuhlola izidingo zomfundi.
- Ezimweni eziningi, ukuhlolwa kwe-intelligence kuyadingeka ngemithethonqubo yezemfundo ephakeme ukuze kuqinisekiswe noma kulawulwe ukukhubazeka kwengqondo nokusekela i-IQ ngenjongo yokuthola ukukhubazeka kokufunda.
- Kuye ngohlobo lwe-test intelligence test, lungahlinzeka ngolwazi olubalulekile ukuthi abafundi baxazulula kanjani izinkinga.
- Ukuhunyushwa ngokufanele, ukuhlolwa kobuhlakani kusiza othisha ukuba bathuthukise ukuqeqeshwa kanye namasu okufundisa okwenzelwe ngokukhethekile uhlelo lokuthuthukiswa komuntu ngamunye (IEP).
Yiziphi izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zokuhlolwa kwezikhali?
Ukuhlolwa kwe-IQ kuyindlela eyodwa eyaziwayo yokuhlolwa okunezintambo. Baqhathanisa amazinga "amakhono" avamile kulabo bafundi ngabanye abaneminyaka efanayo.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Intelligence (okubizwa nangokuthi izinsimbi) kushicilelwa ngezindlela eziningana:
- Ukuhlolwa kweqembu lobuhlakani ngokuvamile kuvame ukufaka ibhukwana lokuhlola iphepha bese kuthathwa amashidi amagoli. Ukuhlolwa kokuphumelela kweqembu, okuhlola izindawo zemfundo, ngezinye izikhathi kufaka isilinganiso sokuqonda. Ngokuvamile, ukuhlolwa kweqembu akukhuthazwa ngenhloso yokukhomba ingane enokukhubazeka. Kwezinye izimo, kungaba usizo njengendlela yokuhlola ukuhlola ukuthi ngabe ukuhlolwa okunye kuyadingeka yini futhi kunganikeza ulwazi oluhle lomlando emlandweni wengane yomfundi.
- Ukuvivinya komuntu ngamunye kungabandakanya izinhlobo eziningana zemisebenzi futhi kungabandakanya izincwadi zokuhlola ze-easel ngokukhomba izimpendulo, i-puzzle kanye nemisebenzi efana nemidlalo, nombuzo nemibuzo yokuphendula. Ezinye imisebenzi ziphelelwe yisikhathi. I-Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (i-WISC) kanye neStanford Binet-Intelligence Scale, eyayaziwa ngokuthi iBill-Simon Test, yizibonelo zokuhlolwa kobunhloli bomuntu ngamunye. Ukuhlolwa kwe-WISC kuhlanganisa imibuzo ekhuluma ngolimi,, futhi esebenzayo ngenkathi ukuhlolwa kweStanford-Binet kusiza ukuhlonza abafundi abanokukhubazeka kwengqondo.
- Ukuhlolwa kohlelo lwekhompyutha kutholakala kakhulu, kodwa njengalokhu kuhlolwa konke, abahloli kumele bacabangele izidingo zomntwana ngaphambi kokukhetha le fomethi.
- Ukuhlola okungaqondakali kokuhlola okungafani nokuhlola okungaqondakali kwe-Intelligence Intelligence (CTONI), Ukuhlolwa Okungavamile Okungavumelani Nokwemvelo - Ukuhlelwa Kwesibili (UNIT2) kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola abafundi abanezinkinga zokucubungula ulimi noma labo abanekhono lobuNgisi elinganiselwe. Kulezi zivivinyo, imisebenzi yenzelwe ukususa ukuhlakanipha kwamazwi kusuka ekuhloleni kwamakhono okucabanga kwengane nokuhlukanisa nokuhlola amakhono okufunda okubonwayo umfundi.