I-infantly death syndrome (SIDS) yengozi ehamba phambili yimbangela yokufa kwezinsana eziphakathi kweminyaka eyi-1 neyi-12 ezweni elithuthukile. Naphezu kwalesi sibalo esiphazamisayo, imbangela (noma imbangela) ye-SIDS isalokhu imfihlakalo. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lungase luchaze ukukhanya okungenani imbangela yezinye zezimo.
Yini eyenza i-SIDS?
Isizathu esiqondile sIDS asiyazi.
Kungenzeka ukuthi kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi izingane zifa ngokungazelelwe ukuthi asikatholanga okwamanje. Kungenzeka ukuthi kunezinto ezibangela ukufa kwezinsana ezingahambisani. Noma kungenzeka ukuthi kunezimbangela eziyinhloko ekufeni kwabantu abacwaningi abangakaboni. I-SIDS iyinkinga ephazamisayo futhi ephazamisayo izigidi zabantu eziye zathinteka. Ngenxa yokuthi imfihlakalo enjalo, kuye kwaba nokucwaninga okuphawulekayo futhi kusebenza ukuzama ukunciphisa inani lokufa kusuka ku-SIDS futhi kunqume ukuthi kukhona yini into ethize engayenza.
Ucwaningo olwanyatheliswa ngo-2010 olusekelwe ekuhlolweni kwe-post-mortem lwezingane ezafa nge-SIDS zathola amazinga aphansi we-serotonin ebuchosheni bezinsana eziningi. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo olwanyatheliswa ngo-2017 lwathola amazinga akhuphuka we-serotonin egazini lezingane ezafa nge-SIDS. Lezi zifundo zingase zibukeke zingqubuzana kodwa zithathwe ndawonye, lokhu kungabonisa ukuthi amazinga angavamile we-serotonin-noma ayanda noma ancipha - angadlala indima ekufeni kwezinsana ezazingakaze zichazwe ngaphambilini.
Kuyini uSerotonin?
I-Serotonin iyimithi yamakhemikhali ekhishwa amangqamuzana omzimba-okuthiwa i-neurotransmitter-ethinta cishe zonke izingxenye zomzimba. Isiza ukulawula ukudla, ukulala nokugaya. Itholakale ikakhulukazi ohlelweni lokugaya kodwa futhi lukhona emaqenjini egazi nasesimweni sezinzwa zomphakathi.
I-Serotonin ilawula izingxenye eziningi zomzimba futhi inesibopho semisebenzi eminingi. Izinto ezimbalwa ezithintayo zihlanganisa:
- Imodi
- Ukuphulukiswa okulimazayo
- I-Bone impilo
- Ukukhuthaza isicanucisi
- Ukulawula ukunyakaza kwamathumbu kanye nomzimba wamathumbu
- Ukweqa igazi
- Umsebenzi wocansi
I-Serotonin inesibopho sokuvuselela ubuchopho ngokuvuka nokulala. Kucatshangwa ukuthi amazinga angavamile angenza kube nzima ukuba usana luvuke lapho uphefumula ngendlela engafanele. Uma umntwana elele ubuso phansi noma ebusweni bakhe ngokumelene nento elithambile, angase avuselele kakhulu i-carbon dioxide. Ngenkathi usana olunamazinga avamile we-serotonin lungase luvuke ngokwanele ukuvula ikhanda noma ukupheqa, kucatshangwa ukuthi abantwana abangenamazinga angavamile kungenzeka.
Ongakwenza
Ukulahlekelwa ngumntwana kungenye yezenzakalo ezibuhlungu kakhulu ezingenzeka kunoma yimuphi umzali. Ukungazi ukuthi kwenzekani nokuthi kungani kwenzeke ubuqiniso obuhlukumezayo nobuhlungu kulabo abalahlekelwa izingane zabo kwi-SIDS. Ngalesi sikhathi, lezi zifele azikwazi ukuguqulwa. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ongayenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yokuthi ingane yakho izofa kusuka ku-SIDS.
- Faka ingane yakho emuva ukuze ulale-lokhu kunconywa kuphela okunciphise izinga lokufa kwe-SIDS emashumini eminyaka amuva nje.
- Gwema ukulala ngokuhlanganyela.
- Beka ingane yakho esitokisini ngeshidi elihlanganisiwe kuphela. Susa izembatho, izilwane ezigxotshiwe, imithwalo kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izinto ezivulekile. Lezi zingakwazi ukumboza ubuso bomntanakho bese zibangela ukuphelelwa amandla.
- Gwema ukubhema nokuphuza ngesikhathi ukhulelwe-ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi le mikhuba inganciphisa amazinga we-serotonin ezinganeni, okungababeka engozini ephakeme ye-SIDS. Futhi banomthwalo wezinye izingozi zezempilo ezinganeni, izingane kanye nabantu abadala.
- Ukusebenzisa i-pacifier kungasiza ukuvula indlela yomntwana evulekile. Kodwa-ke, asikho isidingo sokuphoqelela ukusetshenziswa kwe-pacifier uma ingane yakho ngokwemvelo isishukela noma ungathandi i-pacifier. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-pacifier yezinsana ezitholwa ngamabele akunconywa kuze kube yinyanga eneminyaka engu-1 ngenxa ye- nipple confusion .
- Ungabeki ingane yakho ukulala esihlalweni, isepha, umbhede wamanzi, noma ezinye izindawo eziphansi.
- Indawo ephephile kakhulu yokuba ingane yakho ilale kuyo ekamelweni elilodwa nawe-mayelana nobude bengalo-esitokisini sakhe.
- Gwema ukusebenzisa ama-bumpers obukhulu obukhulu noma obuhlaza. Uma usebenzisa ama-bumpers, kufanele abe nomzimba omncane, oqinile, ophephile futhi ophephile.
Zonke lezi zincomo zenziwa ukunciphisa amathuba okuthi ingane yakho izomiswa endaweni lapho ibuyisa khona i-carbon dioxide yayo. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yalezi zifundo, abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ngenkathi izinsana ezinamazinga ajwayelekile we-serotonin zingase zivuke futhi zihambe lapho lokhu kwenzeka, labo abanezinhlobo ezingavamile ze-serotonin kungenzeka. Uma umntwana eboshiwe kule ndawo futhi engavuki, kungaholela ekufeni kwakhe ngokuntuleka kwe-oxygen noma i-carbon dioxide kakhulu. Le mbono ayizange iboniswe, kepha ucwaningo oluningi luqhutshwa ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yalezi zifundo.
Izwi elivela ku-Verywell
I-SIDS iyindlela ebuhlungu futhi ehlukumezayo yokulahlekelwa ingane. Kukhona okuningi kangangokuthi asazi ukuthi kungani izingane zifa ngenxa yesizathu esicacile. Ukucwaninga ngezimbangela ezenzekile kuye kwacaca eminye yemithombo engenzeka. Kungenzeka ngempela-futhi kungenzeka-ukuthi kunezinye izizathu izingane ezisanda kufa ngokungazelelwe. Sethemba ukuthi sizoba nezimpendulo ezicacile nezindlela zokuvimbela lawa kufa esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.
> Imithombo:
> Bright FM, Byard RW, Vink R, Paterson DS. I-Medullary Serotonin Neuron Okungahle kwenzeke Eqoqweni Lase-Australian of Childhood Immant Death Syndrome. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol . 2017; 76 (10): 864-873. i-doi: 10.1093 / jnen / nlx071.
> Izinsana ze-SIDS zikhombisa ukungabonakali ku-Brain Area Ukulawula Ukuphuza, Inhliziyo YaseSerotonin-Ukusebenzisa Amaseli Ebuchopho Okubhekene Nezimo Ezimbi. https://www.nichd.nih.gov/news/releases/pages/sids_serotonin.aspx.
> I-SIDS Exhunywe Ngezinga Eliphansi LaseSerotonin. Izikhungo Zempilo Zikazwelonke (NIH). https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/sids-linked-low-levels-serotonin. Ishicilelwe ngo-Agasti 12, 2015.
> Izindlela Zokunciphisa Ubungozi Bama-SIDS Nezinye Izimbangela Ezilele Zokufa Kwezingane. https://www.nichd.nih.gov/sts/about/risk/Pages/reduce.aspx.