I-Vitamin K, i-Vitamin D, i-Iron, ne-Fluoride
Ubisi lwebele lugcwele ukudla okunomsoco nempilo enempilo ukusiza ingane yakho ikhule, ihlakulele futhi ilwa nokugula. Kuyinto ukudla okufanele ingane yakho. Kodwa-ke, ungase uzibuze ukuthi ubisi lwebele luqukethe konke ingane yakho eyidingayo nokuthi ngabe ingane yakho ebelethwe ngamabele kufanele iwathathe amavithamini noma cha. Nakhu okudingeka ukwazi mayelana namavithamini nezamaminerali ezincelisayo ezinganeni zebele.
Ama-Vitamin and Mineral Supplements for Babies Breastfed
Nakuba iningi lezakhi zomntanakho livela ebisini lakho lwebele, kunamavithamini namaminerali ambalwa ukuthi izinsana ezibelethwe kahle zingenakwanele ngokuncelisa kuphela. Lokhu okulandelayo yi-vitamin ejwayelekile kanye ne-mineral supplements ezitholwa abantwana abancelisayo.
I-Vitamin K
Kukhona kuphela inani elincane le-vitamin K ebisi lwebele, futhi zonke izingane zinamazinga aphansi kavithamini K lapho zizalwa. Amantombazane adinga i-vitamin K ukuvala igazi nokulawula ukuphuma kwegazi. Ngakho-ke, zonke izingane, noma zibelethwe ngamathumbu noma cha, zinikezwa i-vitamin K ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa. Lo mjovo usiza igazi lomntanakho ukugcoba futhi kuvimbele ukungafihli okungajwayelekile, kodwa okuyingozi, okusanda kuzalwa. Ngemuva kwesilinganiso sokuqala sama-vitamin K, ingane enempilo ngeke idinge izithako ezengeziwe ze-vitamin K.
I-Vitamin D
Ingane yakho isebenzisa i-vitamin D ukuze ithathe i-calcium futhi yakha amathambo namazinyo aqinile.
Iphinde ibambe iqhaza esimisweni somzimba, ngakho-ke kungasiza ekuvimbeleni izifo. Ngaphandle kwevithamini D eyanele, ingane ingahlakulela isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-rickets. Ama-rickets angabangela ukuthambisa amathambo nezinkinga ngokuthuthukiswa kwamathambo ezinganeni. Kungabangela nokukhula okuncane, ubuhlungu, kanye nokukhubazeka kwethambo ezifana nemilenze yomnsalo.
Nakuba kungavamile, umntwana oncelisayo angakha ama-rickets uma engekho amavithamini D abanele ubisi lwebele.
Ubisi lwebele luqukethe i-vitamin D, kodwa inani levithamini D ebisi lwebele lihlukile komunye wesifazane kuya kwesinye. Umthombo wakho oyinhloko kavithamini D yilanga. Uma uvula isikhumba sakho elangeni, kwenza i-vitamin D. Kodwa, inani levithamini D oyithola elangeni lixhomeke embala wakho wesikhumba, isikhathi osichithayo ekukhanyeni kwelanga, nokusetshenziswa kwakho kwelanga. Abesifazane abanamahlombe amnyama kufanele bachithe isikhathi esiningi elangeni kunabesifazane abanamakhanda okukhanya kakhudlwana ukuze bathole inani elifanayo levithamini D. Yiqiniso, ngokusebenzisa ilanga, abesifazane abanobuhlungu bekhanda baphela ukuvimbela ukukhanya kwabo elangeni nokuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-vitamin D. Lezi zici zithinta ukuthi u-vitamin D ungakanani emzimbeni wakho, okuthinta ukuthi u-vitamin D ungakanani ubisi lwakho lwebele.
Ingane yakho ingathola futhi i-vitamin D evela elangeni. Kodwa-ke, akukhuthazwa ukubeka izingane ezisencane ngqo elangeni. Uma bechitha isikhathi ngaphandle, izinsana nezingane ezincane kufanele zihlale zimbozwe futhi zigqoke isikrini. Futhi, lokhu kuvikelwa elangeni kuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-vitamin D.
Incomo yeVithamini D:
- Njengoba abesifazane nabantwana abaningi bengenayo i-vitamin D eyanele elangeni, kukhona ubungozi bokuntuleka kwe-vitamin D ezinganeni ezondla kuphela kanye nalabo abasebenzisa indlela yokudla kuyinkimbinkimbi yokuncelisa nokuncelisa i-formula . Isikhathi esiningi elangeni sasizosiza, kodwa ukukhanya ngokweqile elangeni kunezingozi zayo, njengokuthuthukiswa komdlavuza wesikhumba. Ukwengeza amamama akuyona impendulo, noma, njengoba izifundo zibonisa ukuthi ukugcwalisa umama nge-vitamin D akukwenzi umehluko omkhulu ngobuningi be-vitamin D ebisi lwebele. Ngakho-ke, ukuvimbela ukungena kwe-vitamin D kanye namathambo, i-American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) ikhuthaza ukwesekwa kubo bonke abantwana abancelisiwe. I-Vitamin D inikezwa ngamaconsi amanzi, kanti umthamo ophakanyisiwe ngu-400 IU ngosuku oqala ngosuku lokuqala lokuphila.
- Izingane ezisondelene kuphela nefomula lebantwana eliqukethe i-vitamin D (okungenani 400 IU / L) ayidingi i-vitamin D. eyengeziwe.
I-Iron
I-iron iyimaminerali ebalulekile ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni kwengane yakho. Kudingeka ukwenza amangqamuzana egazi abomvu athatha umoya-mpilo kuwo wonke umzimba. Uma ingane yakho ingatholi insimbi eyanele, ingaholela ekudleni kwegazi. Ukuntula i-iron okungenayo i-anemia kungase kungabikho izimpawu, noma kungabangela isikhumba esibi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukugula ubunzima, nokubuthakathaka. Ukwehla kwensimbi yesikhathi eside kungabangela izinkinga ngokuthuthukiswa komzimba nobuchopho.
Kukhona insimbi ebisi lwebele.
Kungaba yinto encane nje kuphela, kodwa kwanele ingane yakho ngoba izingane zithatha insimbi ebisi lwebele kahle kakhulu. Eqinisweni, bamba insimbi ebisi lwebele kuncono kakhulu kunokuba babambe insimbi ebusweni lobusana. Izingane nazo zigcina insimbi emizimbeni yazo ekupheleni kokukhulelwa. Ngakho-ke, phakathi kwensimbi egciniwe nokuncelisa, ingane enempilo ephelele yesikhathi esigcwele iyoba nensimbi eyanele ezinyangeni ezine zokuqala ezine-6 zokuphila.
Incomo ye-Iron:
- Uma uncelisa kuphela, ingane yakho akufanele idingeke i-iron supplement kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha emva kokuzalwa. Kodwa, ngezinyanga ezingu-6 ubudala, izinsana ziyasebenzisa okusemzimbeni wazo, futhi insimbi ebisi lwebele ngeke isanele. Ngokusho kwe-AAP, emva kwezinyanga ezine zokuncelisa ibele kuphela, kunengozi enkulu yokuntuleka kwensimbi. Ngakho-ke, phakathi kwezinyanga ezine nezinyanga eziyisithupha, udokotela wengane yomntanakho uzokuncoma ukwengezwa kwesevisi yensimbi yengane yakho. I-Iron inikezwa njengoketshezi ngomthamo we-1mg / kg / ngosuku kuze ingane yakho ithole insimbi eyanele ngokudla kwayo. Ngonyaka ongu-1 ubudala, udokotela uzovivinya ingane yakho ngenxa yokuntuleka kwensimbi futhi akutshele uma udinga ukuqhubeka nezithako zensimbi.
- Uma ingane yakho ibeletha iphinde iphuze ifomula lesana, kuzodinga ukwesekwa uma uncelisa noma unikeza ubisi lwebele ngaphezu kwengxenye yesikhathi. Ukwengezwa kwezinsana ezincelisayo zifana nezingane ezisondelene kuphela.
- Izingane ezitholwa ngefomula lamancane azidingi uketshezi olwengeziwe lwensimbi uma zisebenzisa ifomula lesana eliqinile.
Fluoride
I-fluoride iyimaminerali ebalulekile eqinisa i-koqweqwe lwawo emazinyweni wengane yakho futhi kusiza ukuvimbela izigxobo. Ubisi lwebele lwakho luqukethe i-fluoride, futhi ingane yakho ayidingi isengezo phakathi nezinyanga eziyisithupha zokuqala. I-supplement ingase ibe noma ingadingekile emva kwalokho ngokuya kokudla kwengane yakho nokunikezwa kwamanzi. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha udokotela wezingane angase ancoma umfutho we-fluoride uma:
- Amanzi akho okuphuza ayinayo i-fluoride eyanele: ezindaweni eziningi, i-fluoride yengezwa emanzini okuphuza okuphuthumayo. Uma usebenzisa amanzi omphakathi emzini wakho futhi uqukethe i-fluoride ngenani elingaphansi kwezingxenye ezingu-0.3 ngesigidi sakho ingane ingadinga isengezo. Ungashayela inkampani yakho yamanzi ukuze uthole ulwazi mayelana noketshezi kwamanzi akho.
- Usebenzisa amanzi ahlanzekile: Uma unamanzi ahlanzekile ekhaya, uvivinye i-fluoride. Amanzi avame ukuqukethe i-fluoride yemvelo, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi ayanele.
- Usebenzisa amanzi asemabhodleleni: Uma ingane yakho isebenzisa amanzi ebhodlela, ingase ingabi ne-fluoride eyanele yengane yakho. Noma kunjalo, amanye ama-brand afaka i-fluoride, ngakho hlola ilebula emthonjeni wakho wamanzi.
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi i-fluoride ingakanani ekuhlinzekeni kwamanzi ngakho udokotela wengane yakho angenza isinqumo esifanele mayelana ne-fluoride yengane yakho. Ngenkathi ingane yakho idinga i-fluoride ngamazinyo aphilile, i-fluoride kakhulu ayilungile. Kungabangela ezinye izinkinga ngokuthuthukiswa kwezinyo kanye nokwehla kwamazinyo.
Ama-Vitamin Supplements kanye Nezimo Ezikhethekile
Izincomo ezingenhla zingezenzane ezinempilo ezigcwele zesikhathi esigcwele. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinsana zizalwa ekuqaleni noma ngezidingo ezikhethekile zempilo. Kuye ngesimo, ezinye izingane zingase zidingeke ukuthi ziqale ukuthatha insimbi kahle ngaphambi kwezinyanga ezine ubudala, noma zingadinga amanye amavithamini. Izingane ezingadinga izithako ezengeziwe zihlanganisa:
Izithasiselo: Umntwana ozalwa ekuqaleni unesidingo esihlukile kunomntwana ozalwa ngesikhathi esigcwele. Izinsana ezingaphambi kokuqala azikho izitolo ezifanayo zensimbi njengezinsana ezigcwele, futhi zingadinga amavithamini amaningi namaminerali kunobisi lwebele noma ifomula lingahlinzeka. Izinhlobo kanye nezindleko zezingxenye zokudinga izidingo ze-preemie kuncike ekutheni ingane izalwa kanjani futhi isimo sayo sezempilo.
Izingane ezizalwa ngezidingo ezikhethekile zempilo: Izingane ezizalwa ngezinkinga zezempilo zingadinga insimbi noma amanye amavithamini namaminerali kusukela ekuqaleni. Izinselelo eziyingqayizivele yengane ngayinye zizonquma ukuthi yiziphi izithako ezidingekayo.
Amantombazane omama abhekene ne-vegan: Imikhiqizo kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi yiyona imithombo esemqoka ye-vitamin B12. Ngakho-ke, uma ulandela ukudla okunomsoco we-vegan , ubisi lwakho lwebele lungase lungabi nalutho lwamavithamini. Kungase kube ngokwanele ukuthi uthathe izithako ze-B12 ngenkathi ukhulelwe kanye ne-lactation. Noma kunjalo, ingane yakho ingadinga isengezo uma amazinga akho we-B12 ephansi kakhulu.
Amantombazane omama abaye bahlinzwa ukulahlekelwa isisindo: Uma unesisindo somzimba esiswini ungasencelisa . Vele uqiniseke ukuthi utshela udokotela nodokotela wengane yakho mayelana nokuhlinzwa kwakho. Ithimba lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizokuqapha kokubili wena nomntanakho. Kuzodingeka uthathe amavithamini engeziwe kanye nezithako, futhi ingane yakho ingase idinge futhi.
Izwi elivela ku-Verywell
Ubisi lwebele luqukethe konke okudingwa ngumntanakho , kuhlanganise namavithamini namaminerali. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezimbalwa ezingase zidingeke izingane ziqinisekise ukuthi zikhula futhi zithuthuke ngendlela enempilo. Izithako ze-Vitamin azibangeli ukulimala uma zinikezwa njengoba ziqondisiwe, kodwa kungaba yinkinga uma umntwana eba nokuntula kwamavithamini noma amaminerali. Ukwengezwa kuyindlela elula yokuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane ngayinye ithola lokho akudingayo.
Ngakho-ke, uma uncelisa ingane enempilo ephelele yesikhathi esigcwele , ingane yakho kufanele iqale i-vitamin D ngokushesha. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezine kuya kweziyisithupha, ingane yakho ingadinga insimbi eyengeziwe, bese kuthi emva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, kuye ngokuthi uhlinzeke ngamanzi, i-fluoride supplement ingase iphakanyiswe futhi. Bheka udokotela wengane yakho njalo ukuvakashelwa kahle ukuba uhlale unolwazi, uthole imibuzo yakho uphendule, futhi ugcine usesikhathini ngalokho okudingwa ngumntanakho.
> Imithombo:
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> Clark MB, uSlayton RL. Ukusetshenziswa kwefluoride ekuvimbeleni ukugcinwa kwe-caries kwisilungiselelo sokunakekela okuyinhloko. Izingane zokwelapha. 2014 Sep 1; 134 (3): 626-33.
> Hale, Thomas W., noRowe, uHilary E. Imithi kanye noMama Wabamama: I-Manual of Lactational Pharmacology Edition 16. Ukushicilelwa kwe-Hale. 2014.
> Kleinman RE. Isingeniso: Izinga eliphezulu leNsimbi eliphakanyisiwe lamafomu okunomsoco wezinsana. I Journal of pediatrics. 2015 Jan 10; 167 (4): S1-2.
> Lawrence, uRuth A., MD, Lawrence, uRobert M., MD. Ukuncelisa Ukubeletha Umhlahlandlela Wezokwelapha Umsebenzi We-Eighth Edition. I-Elsevier Health Sciences. 2015.