Ukukhulelwa emva kwesikhathi yisikhathi lapho abesifazane besenemibuzo eminingi. Ukukhulelwa kuyithinta kanjani ngempela umzimba? Kuyini konke lokhu okukhulunywa ngakho phansi? Ungakwazi nini ukuqala ukukhishwa kwesisindo somntwana? Uzoqala nini ukuthola isikhathi sakho? USylvia Brown, umbhali we-Post-Pregnancy Handbook, uphendula le mibuzo kanye nabanye abaningi kulokhu kuxoxwa okukhethekile.
Umbuzo:
Yini ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi abesifazane kufanele bazi ukuthi kwenzekani emzimbeni wabo emva kokukhulelwa?
Impendulo:
Owesifazane ngamunye uzosabela ngokungafani nemiphumela yokukhulelwa nokubeletha . Njengokwenyuka kwentaba noma ukudilika kwe-scuba, kunzima ukwazi ukuthi umzimba wakho uzobhekana kanjani uze uzwe. Kuncike ekutheni ukhathele ekupheleni kokukhulelwa kwakho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uswele insimbi noma ezinye izakhi, futhi yikuphi uhlobo lokubeletha owadlula ngalo: Isigaba C ? I-Episiotomy noma i-tear? Umsebenzi omude ?
Ukukhulelwa nokubeletha kunomkhuba omubi wokubangela izinkinga eziningana zempilo ezincane - ukubuyisela ubuhlungu, ubuhlungu obuhlungu, ukuqothulwa kanye nemivimbo ye-varicose, ukubiza abambalwa - noma ukudalula amancane. Cishe kwesigamu sabomama abasha banokukhathazeka okungenani kwezempilo emasontweni emva kokubeletha. Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi isikhathi sokuhamba kwesikhathi yisikhathi sokushintsha lapho kufanele sizinakekele khona.
Inselelo eyodwa engenakugwema ehlangene nabo bonke omama abasha banenkinga yokukhathala. Kuthatha amahora ayisikhombisa kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili ukulala okungabanjwanga ngesonto ukuqala ukukhombisa izimpawu zokulahlwa kokulala, nokukhathala kungenye yezimbangela ezinkulu zokucindezeleka. Izeluleko zami ezintathu zokunqoba ukukhathala yizi:
- Hlela phambili ngaphambi kokuzalwa komntwana. Ngubani ozosiza ngemisebenzi yasendlini? Ubani ozokunakekela izingane ezindala? Ubani ozokwazi ukushiya ingane ukuze uphume endlini ukuze uthole ikhefu elifushane? Buza abangani bakho ukuba bafunde ukusiza izingane noma ukusiza izindlu njengesipho somntwana, noma mhlawumbe othile athengise, upheke futhi adle izingubo zakho.
- Ulale lapho unakho. Okufanelekile, kufanele ube nama-naps amabili emasontweni ambalwa okuqala. Uma umntwana elele, shiya konke futhi ulale. Akukho okubaluleke ngaphezu kokuphumula kwakho.
Phuma. Thatha isikhathi sakho. Phuma endlini ukuze wenze uhlobo oluthile lomsebenzi "omdala" usuku ngalunye, ngisho noma kungamaminithi angu-45 kuphela. Uyomangala ukuthi lokhu kungashesha kanjani ukuphakamisa.
Q: Yini abesifazane abangayenza ngaphambi kokukhulelwa ukuze basize ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kulula ukukhulelwa kwesipiliyoni?
A: Hlela, plan, plan. Ngimangalisa njalo ukuthi bangaki abesifazane abacabanga ukuthi uma umntwana ezalwa, bazovele begibele ekushoneni kwelanga. Ngeshwa, amakilasi amaningi okulungiselela ukubeletha awaxwayisi omama abakusasa ngokwanele okuzokwenzeka kuwo.
Q: Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani umzimba wesifazane ukubuyela esimweni saso sokukhulelwa?
A: Amasonto ayisithupha okuqala yisikhathi sokuphulukisa, ukubuyisana kabusha nokubuyiselwa . Kuthatha izitho zobulili amaviki ayisithupha kuya ezinyangeni ezimbili ukuze ubuyele esayizi nomsebenzi wazo wokuqala. I-hormone yokukhulelwa iphumule , okwandisa ubukhulu nokuqina kwezicubu ezixhumeneyo - izigulane, imisipha - izohlala emzimbeni omama omusha izinyanga ezi-5. Yingakho amalunga omama amasha ayibuthakathaka - amaphesenti angu-50 abhekana nobuhlungu bokubuyiselwa emuva - futhi kungani noma yimuphi umthelela ophezulu wokucindezela ubeka ukucindezeleka okukhulu emgodini wezitho zangasese kanye nezitho zangasese.
I-prolactin , i-hormone eveza ubisi kumama okuncelisa, inomphumela ofanayo. Ezingamaphesenti angama-66 abesifazane, imisipha yomzimba ehlukene ihlukene futhi ithatha okungenani amasonto ayisithupha ukuphulukisa. Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, kubalulekile ukunciphisa ukuvivinya umzimba ophansi kanye nesisu somzimba, ukuhamba nokubhukuda - uma usuyeke ngokuphelele ukuphuma kwegazi - izinyanga ezimbili, noma amasonto angu-10 ngemuva kwesigaba C. Amaviki ayisishiyagalolunye ngemuva kokubeletha, ungaqala ukufaka imizuzu emizuzu engu-15, ukwakhiwa ngamaminithi angu-5 ngesonto. Ungaqala ukudlala i-tennis, ibhayisikili futhi wenze i-aerobics encane engathintekayo futhi ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-4 kuya kwezingu-5 emva kokubeletha.
Ngokuphathelene nesisindo, kuncike ngobukhulu bakho ngaphambi kokuthi ukhulelwe. Cishe ingxenye yesithathu yabomama abasha "ababengumzimba" ngaphambi kokukhulelwa futhi bathola amaphilimu angu-25 kuya kwangu-30 kuphela babuyele esisindo sabo esivamile cishe izinyanga ezintathu ngemuva kokubeletha. Amama omdala, omama wesithathu noma wesine, noma abesifazane abangaphezu komngcele we-borderline bazolahlekelwa ubuningi babo obunzima phakathi kwezinyanga ezintathu no-6 emva kokubeletha. Abesifazane abakhuluphele ngokweqile bazolahlekelwa iningi lalezi zinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kwezingu-9 emva kokubeletha. Bazuza kakhulu kakhulu ekunceliseni ibele isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezingu-5.
Abanye besifazane bathola ukuthi ukukhathazeka kwezinkinga ezincane zempilo ezinjengama-hemorrhoids, imivimbo ye-varicose, izinsini eziphaphayo nokuguqulwa kwesikhumba kuphele izinyanga. Ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kubalulekile kulezi zimo ngoba into engenziwa ngokuvamile ukuyiyeka. Ubulili angeke bukhululeke isikhathi esithile, ikakhulukazi uma uke wanqwabelana. Hlola nodokotela wakho wezempilo ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi awunayo isiteleka esingasifaki. Kuningi ukugcoba nokubekezela kubalulekile.
Okokugcina, abanye besifazane bathola ukuthi izici zomzimba wazo zishintsha unomphela emva kokubeletha, njengendlela amafutha aphindwe kabusha, usayizi wezinyawo, ubukhulu besifuba noma ikhwalithi yezinwele.
Q: Kanjani ukutakula kusuka ekuzalweni okuhlukile kwabesifazane ababelethwe besifazane ngokumelene nabesifazane banikezwe C-izigaba ?
A: Ngemuva kokuzalwa kwesisu, umama omusha angase akhathazeke endaweni yakhe yesisu, ikakhulukazi uma ene-episiotomy noma yokuqothula, kanye nama-hemorrhoids. Angase abe nomuzwa ophuthumayo wokubuhlungu emuva emuva uma i-coccyx yakhe isuswa. Angathatha isikhathi eside ukuze athole ubulili obujabulisayo futhi.
Emva kwesigaba se-cearean , umama omusha angase akhathazeke lapho umsebenzi wakhe wokugaya uphindela evamile ngenxa yegesi eboshelwe. Isibazi sakhe singase sishise futhi sishise. Ubuhlungu besikhathi esisodwa nokuzwa okuvuthayo kungadlulela amasonto ayisithupha kuya kwangu-8. Kuzodingeka alinde isikhathi eside ukuze aqale uhlelo lokuzivocavoca: amasonto angaba ngu-10.
Q: Kuze kube nini abesifazane kufanele balinde phakathi kokukhulelwa? Kungani lokhu kubalulekile?
A: Nakulokhu, lokhu kuxhomeke enombolweni yokukhulelwa osuvele uyenayo, uhlobo lokubeletha owawunalo, ukukhathala kangakanani nokuthi umzimba wakho wabuya kanjani. Kuyathakazelisa ukuphawula ukuthi emiphakathini yokuqala, izingane zihlukaniswa ngokwemvelo cishe njalo eminyakeni emibili, njengoba omama bebeletha cishe njalo unyaka. Ngokusobala, lapho uthola ngokugcwele ngokugcwele kwakho ukukhulelwe kwangaphambili, ngcono ukukhulelwa kwakho okulandelayo kuzozizwa.
Q: Ingabe ukuzalwa kwengane kusho ukuthi ukungazitholi esikhathini esizayo kulindeleke?
A: Yiqiniso kuyilapho kuyiqiniso ukuthi omama abathathu kwaba-3 bahlangabezana nohlobo oluthile lwe-urinary or anal stress stress incontinence, njengokungena emva kokukhwehlela, ukukhipha, ukuhleka noma umthelela omkhulu njengokungena, emasontweni emva kokubeletha, khona akuyona neze isizathu sokulindela izinkinga zesikhathi esizayo ngokungahlambuluki.
Ngeshwa, abesifazane abaningi abazi okwanele ngesitezi sabo se-pelvic. Ngaphambi kokuzalwa, silungiselela imizimba yethu ukuvula kodwa sikhohlwe ukuthi ukuvala kudinge umzamo. Le nqubo ibalulekile ukuba ube ngowesifazane futhi njengethoni yephansi ye-pelvic ithinta ngqo izinga lezocansi.
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, isisindo sesisu sisanda izikhathi ezingama-20 kuya kwezi-30. Njengoba ikhula, lesi sibeletho siqhubekisa isisindo phansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imisipha kanye nemigqa evame ukubambelela izakhi zokuzala nokugaya ukuthi zibuthakathaka kanjani ngaphansi kwemiphumela yokuphumula. Ukubeletha kuzobe sekulula futhi kuphazamise lezi zinhlanzi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi owesifazane ulungiselela kahle kangakanani ukudiliva. Emva kokubeletha kwesisu, i-pelvic floor ilahlekelwa ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-50 wezwi layo. Ama-episiotomi, izinyembezi nokucindezeleka okungavamile ngesikhathi sokuxoshwa konke kuhlanganisa umonakalo. Uma imisipha ye-pelvic isuke ingabuyiselwa ithoni yayo efanele, ama-sphincters awakwazi ukuphoqa kahle ngesibhanzana - futhi kwezinye izimo ekuvuleni, okudala ukuvuza.
Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqala umzimba omncane we-pelvic floor toning ezinsukwini emva kokubeletha futhi usebenzise lezi zingu-9 imizuzu ngosuku ngamasonto ayisithupha okuqala. Ukuzivocavoca kwama-pelvic nakho kuyasiza kakhulu ekusheshiseni inqubo yokuphulukisa ngemuva kwe-episiotomy noma yokuqothula. Ungaqali uhlelo lokuzivocavoca kuze kube yilapho isiteji sakho se-pelvic sitholile ithoni yayo. Umsebenzi wakho wezempilo kufanele ahlole ithoni yakho ye-pelvic floor yakho ngemuva kokuhlola. Uma bengakwenzi, cela!
Q: Kungabe owesifazane angalindela ukuba isisu sakhe siqine futhi siphinde siphume emva kokukhulelwa? Lokhu kungafinyelelwa kanjani?
A: Njengoba ngichazile ngenhla, akufanele uqale umsebenzi omkhulu wesisu kuze kufike:
- Isitezi sakho se-pelvic sinamandla futhi. Uma kungenjalo, imisipha yamathumbu izokwehla ezithombeni zamathumbu, okuzobe zithwale phansi phansi. Uma imisipha ye-pelvic isineke kakhulu ukuhlinzeka ukwesekwa okudingekile, ukuvuthwa, ukuhamba kwamathumbu kanye nomsebenzi wezocansi ngempela kuzosithinteka, isimo esiyaziwa njenge-prolapse.
- Amaqembu amabili ahambisanayo asemathunjini omzimba angaphansi kwamabili ububanzi bomunwe ngaphandle. Lokhu kusho ukuthi emasontweni ayisithupha kuya kwangu-8 okuqala - uma usuphethe isigaba se-C - kufanele wenze kahle, ukulandelana kwezivivinyo zesisu.
Ezinyangeni ezimbili ngemuva kokubeletha, ungaqala umsebenzi wesisu, uqale ngokuzivocavoca umzimba. Uma uke ube ne-C-Isigaba, bambelela ekuzivocavoca phansi okungakapheli izinyanga ezingu-8 ngemuva kokubeletha. Gwema ukuhlala okugcwele, "ibhayisikili" noma "izikhali." Gxila kwi-obliques, okumele umsebenzi wayo ungene kuwo, uphakamise futhi ucindezele isisu ngenkathi usisekela. Kuzothatha isikhathi ukuzwisa imisipha emathunjini, kepha bangaqeqeshwa ukuthi babukeke bephinda futhi.
Q: Ziyini izimpawu zokuxwayisa zokucindezeleka kokuhamba ngemuva noma ukucindezeleka kwengqondo? Ngabe owesifazane kufanele afune nini usizo kulezi zimo? Kusukela isikhathi esingakanani emva kokubeletha kungenzeka lezi zimo zenzeke?
A: Kukhona izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuphendula ngokomzwelo ekubelethweni:
- I-Baby Blues ikhona phakathi kosuku lwesibili neshumi nanye, futhi ngokuyinhloko ibangelwa ukuqhuma okukhulu kwe-hormonal yomzimba womama omusha. Ithinta abesifazane abangamaphesenti angama-80 kuwo wonke amazinga ezomphakathi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuhlangenwe nakho kwabo kokuzalwa kwakunjani. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ziyizinyembezi, ngokuvamile ngenxa yezizathu ezizwakalayo, ukuguquguquka kwemizwelo, ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka ekugxileni, ukukhathazeka, imizwa yokudikibala kanye nokuhlukunyezwa, kanye namaphethini okulala okuphumula. Lesi simo sisuka emahoreni angu-24 kuya kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa. Ngoba akuyona ukugula, kungaphathwa ngokuphumula nokusekelwa. Omunye umzali unendima ebalulekile okumelwe ayidlale ukuze ahlasele umama omusha kusuka ekuphazamiseni okukhulu kakhulu futhi amenze azwe sengathi uyathandwa futhi uyaziswa.
- Ukubhekana nokucindezeleka okuningana ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukukhathala . Cishe bonke omama abasha bazwa izinyembezi, umuzwa wokukhungatheka, ukuzihlukanisa, ukuzithoba, ukucasuka, ukukhohlwa noma izimpawu ezihlukahlukene zomzimba ezihlobene nokukhathala. Lezi zivama zenzeka ezinyangeni ezine zokuqala ngemuva kokubeletha. Umehluko omkhulu kanye nokucindezeleka kokuphuma kwesisu okuchazwe ngezansi ukuthi kwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo futhi kulungiswa ukulala okungaphezulu, ukudla okunomsoco noma izondlo zokudla okunomsoco, ukwesekwa nokusiza ngosizo lomndeni nokuzilibazisa.
- Ukucindezeleka ngemuva kokubeletha yisifo sokugula ngengqondo esithinta 1 kumama omusha abangu-10, futhi kufanele siphathwe ngemithi kanye nokwelapha. Ezingamaphesenti angu-40 amacala, ukucindezeleka kokubeletha kuqala ngemuva kokuba umama omusha abe kuye isonto eli-6 hlola. Ngakho-ke ngokuvamile kunzima ukuxilonga. Omama omusha kufanele bajabule! Kukhona ukubekezelelana okuncane noma ukuqonda kwabesifazane abangafanelanga lesi sithombe. Nakuba ezinye zezimpawu zifana nokuphendula okucindezelayo okubangelwa ukukhathala nezinkinga zokudla okunomsoco, umehluko omkhulu wukuthi lapho kwenzeka ukucindezeleka ngemuva kokubeletha, le mizwa iqhubeka njalo.
Owesifazane angase azwe nokuhlaselwa okwesabisa, imicabango ejulile kanye nemicabango, kanye nezinga eliphakeme lokuzijabulisa. Kukhona ukuxilongwa kokucindezeleka kokubeletha uma kwenzeka owesifazane ephethe izinkinga zangokwengqondo zangaphambili, noma uma unina, unina noma udadewabo behlangabezane nale nkinga. Ukucindezeleka okungakaphenduliwe, ukucindezeleka kokubeletha kungaqhubeka iminyaka.
I-Puerperal Psysis isifo esibucayi kakhulu sengqondo esithinta abangu-1 ku-1 000 besifazane, evame ukuwela cishe amasonto amabili ngemuva kokubeletha. Kubangele ukukhathazeka okukhulu ngokomzwelo, ukucabangela, ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo kanye nokuziphatha okukhululekile. Kudingeka ngokushesha esibhedlela. Ngokwelapha okufanele, abesifazane abaningi baphuluke ngokuphelele.
Q: Ngabe abesifazane kufanele balindele nini ukuya esikhathini esijwayelekile ukuze aqhubeke futhi?
A: Lokhu kuncike ekutheni uncelisa noma cha. Uma ungalusisi, isikhathi sakho sokuqala sizokwenzeka cishe izinyanga ezimbili ngemuva kokubeletha. Kodwa-ke, ayikho indlela yokwazi uma uqala ukugcoba futhi: Amaphesenti angama-90 abesifazane ngeke avulise ngaphambi kwesikhathi sabo sokuqala. Ukwelashwa kubalulekile uma ulala ocansini ngemuva kokubeletha.
Uma uncelisa, isikhathi sakho singaqala noma nini kusukela ekuqaleni kwezinyanga ezimbili ngemuva kokubeletha. Abanye besifazane baqala ukubuyela emuva uma beyeka ukuncelisa. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukubeletha akuyona indlela yokukhulelwa. Kungukuzwa komntwana osondayo ukuthi athumele umlayezo ebuchosheni ukucindezela i-hormone eshukumisa ukuvuthwa. Ukuphumelela kwalokhu kucindezela kuncike emandleni nasemvuthweni wokuncelisa. Ukuncelisa ukubeletha ukusebenza njengendlela yokukhulelwa, ingane kufanele inakekele isikhathi esigcwele, nxazonke.
Q: Kuze kube nini emva kokubeletha kufanele abesifazane balinde ngaphambi kokuba bahlanganyele ngokobulili kanye / noma ukusebenzisa izisu zokubeletha? Luhlobo luni lokubeletha olungcono kunowesifazane osanda kubeletha? Yimaphi izinhlobo (s) zokuvimbela ukukhulelwa akufanele zisetshenziswe abesifazane abasanda kuzalwa?
A: Iningi labasebenzi bezempilo linciphisa abesifazane ukuba bahlanganyele ocansini phakathi kwamasonto ayisithupha okuqala emva kokubeletha kusukela izitho zobulili ngokuvamile azizange ziphulukiswe. Abaningi abasha omama bathi ukulala ocansini kuyinto engcono kunazo zonke ezingqondweni zabo ngalesi sigaba. Abesifazane abaningi abancancisayo bathola ukuthi ukuxhumana ngokomzimba nengane yabo kubenza baphume ngokuphelele.
Abaningi bezempilo batusa ukuvimbela imithi yokuvimbela imithi - amakhondomu kanye ne-spermicide - yokuncelisa izingane. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala emva kokubeletha, izindonga zamaginja zikhuliswa futhi imisipha ye-perineal iyinhlamba, okusho ukuthi i-diaphragm ayikwazi ukwenza njengesithiyo esifanele.
Qinisekisa ukuthi unesifingqo esisha esinezinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezingu-3 emva kokubeletha. Uma ukhetha ukuba ne-IUD efakiwe, kuzodingeka ulinde kuze kube yilapho isibeletho siphulukiswa ngokugcwele.
Uhlobo olulodwa lwephilisi yokukhulelwa engavumelani nokuncelisa i-progesterone mini-pilill, esebenza ngokuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwemisipha yomlomo wesibeletho . Ukuvuthwa kungenzeka, kepha ubunikazi bombeletho ngeke bubekele ukwakheka kweqanda. Le pilisi inezinga lokuhluleka kwamaphesenti angu-1 kuya kwangu-3, kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic kanye nokuphuma kwegazi. Kumele kuthathwe nsuku zonke ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Abanye besifazane bangase bakhethe ukusebenzisa izisu zokuvimbela ukujovala njengeDepo-Provera, okugcina izinyanga ezintathu kuya kwezinyanga ezintathu.