Okubaluleke kakhulu i-NICU Izingane kufanele zifinyelele ngaphambi kokuqedwa
Ngokuvamile, akukho "umthetho" oshiwo ukuthi ingane yakho engakayikudala izodinga isikhathi eside kangakanani ukuhlala e- neonatal yokunakekelwa okukhulu (UNICU) . Esikhundleni salokho, izitha zinezici eziningana zokuhlangana ngaphambi kokuba zivunyelwe ukuya ekhaya nabazali bazo.
Amantombazane amaningi ngaphambi kwesikhathi aphuma ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kwawo, kodwa lokhu kungahlukahluka. Ezinye izingane zingaya ekhaya kahle ngaphambi kokuba zilindeleke ukuba zizalwe, kuyilapho abanye kuzodingeka bahlale kahle ngaphezu kwezinsuku zabo ezifanele.
Njengoba abazali abaningi bezibuza ukuthi ingane yabo ingafika nini ekhaya, kuhle ukuthi kunezinqubo ezithile ozozibuka.
Ukuphefumula Ngaphandle Kwama-oxygen
Esikhathini esiningi, izinsana kumele zikwazi ukuphefumula umoya ngaphandle kwe-oxygen ngaphambi kokuba ithunyelwe ekhaya ukusuka ku-NICU. Izithasiselo eziningi zidinga uhlobo oluthile lokusekelwa kokuphefumula ngemva nje kokubeletha kanti ezinye izingane zingadinga oksijini owengeziwe kuphela.
Izingane ezincane kakhulu noma ezalwa kakhulu kakhulu zisengozini yokugula okungapheli okuthiwa i-bronchopulmonary dysplasia noma i-BPD. Lesi isimo sengqondo samapayipi esibi futhi ezinye izingane zingavunyelwa ukuba zihambe ekhaya zisebenzisa i-oksijeni nge- cannula yomzimba .
Phuma i-As and Bs
"I-B ne-B" imele i-apnea ne-bradycardia futhi ziyizibonakaliso zokungabi nesikhathi sokuqala. I-apnea ibhekisela ezikhathini lapho ingane iyeka ukuphefumula imizuzwana engaphezu kwengu-20. Lokhu kuphefumula kubangelwa amazinga e-oksijeni e-saturation awela phansi, okuholela ekunciphiseni izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo (bradycardia).
Lezi "spells," njengoba zivame ukubizwa, zivame kakhulu ezinsana ezingakabiphi. Cishe ingxenye yengane ezelwe cishe amaviki angu-30 ukubeletha. Izinga liyehla ngamaphesenti angama-7 lapho umntwana efika emasontweni angama-34 kuya kwangu-35 ukubeletha. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukungahlali kwesimiso sezinzwa.
Iningi lezinsana zesikhathi zigcinwa ku-NICU kuze kube yizinhlamvu zabo ze-A ne-B ezixazululwe.
Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ingane yenza kahle futhi ihlangabezane nazo zonke ezinye izenzakalo ezibalulekile zokuphuma, kodwa iyaqhubeka nokuba ne-As no-B emnene, ingase ibuyele ekhaya ngenhliziyo ephathekayo nokuqapha ukuphefumula.
Khumbula ukuthi angeke uthunyelwe ekhaya uma ingane yakho isengozini, noma uma ucatshangwa ukuthi izinhlamvu zakhe zingaba yingozi. Udokotela wengane yakho angakunika ukukhetha ukugcina ingane yakho ku-NICU isikhathi esincane noma uhambe ekhaya ngokuqapha. Uma kunjalo, kuyoba kuwe nokuthi ukhululekile kanjani ngokuqapha ingane yakho.
Thatha konke okudlayo ngomlomo
Izinsana zangaphambi kokuqala aziqine njengabantwana besikhathi esigcwele futhi azikwazi ukuxhumanisa ukuncelisa nokugwinya kuze kube semasontweni angama-32 kuya kwangu-34 eminyaka yobudala . Iningi lezingane ezingaphambi kwesikhathi zondliwa ngokudla okunomsoco we-parenteral ( TPN , i-IV fluid) ekuqaleni. Bese banikelwa ngokusebenzisa ithubhu yokudla kuze kube yilapho benamandla okwanele ukuphuza esiswini noma ebhodleleni.
Iningi le-NICU lifuna ukubona ingane ingatholi isisindo kuphela ekunikezeni ukudla okuhleliwe kodwa iyakwazi ukwenza njalo ku- ad lib schedule (ukondla lapho umntwana elambile kunokuba iwashi). Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka cishe emasontweni ama-37 eminyaka yokugaya, nakuba ezinye izingane-ikakhulukazi labo abanobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula-kungathatha isikhathi eside.
Ukwengeza, ezinye izingane zithunyelwa ekhaya nge- tube ye-NG noma i- G-tube .
Gcina Ukushisa Okuqinile
Ekuqaleni, iningi lezingane ezingaphambi kwesikhathi kudingeka lilale ku- incubator ukuze lihlale lifudumele. Lezi zixhobo ezihlanganisiwe ezine-dome ecacile enepulatifomu evuthayo lapho izingane ziqamba amanga. Izinsana zangaphambi kwesikhathi azikwazi ukuzigcina zifudumele kanye nezinsana zesikhathi esigcwele futhi zizobanda kakhulu uma zingekho isikhumba esikhungweni sokunakekela i-kangaroo noma zigcinwe ku-incubator.
Ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa ekhaya, ingane idinga ukukwazi ukugcina ukushisa komzimba wayo esikhungweni sokuvuleka. Isikhathi lapho umntwana wakho akwazi khona ukwenza lokhu kuzoxhomeka kakhulu kwisisindo sakhe kunesikhathi sakhe sokuthoma.
Ngokuvamile, izitha zangaphambili zingakwazi ukugcina izinga lokushisa lomzimba uma ziba ngamakhilogremu angu-4.
Dlulisa izivivinyo ezihlukahlukene
Ngaphandle kokufeza izinyathelo ezibalulekile ezikhonjiwe ngenhla, ukuhlola okuqondile kuzodingeka ngaphambi kokuba uthathe ingane yakho ekhaya. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukuhlolwa kokuzwa (noma ukukhishwa kwe-otoacoustic noma ukuhlola okuzenzakalelayo kokuhlolwa kwe-brainstem response), isheke lokuphepha kwesihlalo semoto, ukuhlolwa kwe- hyperbilirubinemia , nokuhlolwa kwesifo senhliziyo.
Uma ingane yakho ihamba kangcono kodwa ingakakulungeli ukuya ekhaya, ingase iqale ukuhambisa kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-nursery-down nursery.
Funda ukunakekelwa okubalulekile
Ngaphambi kokukhipha, qiniseka ukuthi ufunda ukuvuselelwa kwezinsana ze-cardiopulmonary (CPR), ngakho-ke wazi ukuthi wenzeni uma kwenzeka kuphuthumayo. Ukwengeza, uzothola imfundo evamile eyenziwa ngezinsana zesikhathi esigcwele. Lokhu kuzofaka phakathi imfundo ekudleni, ekuqedeni, ekuzuzeni isisindo, nokuningi.
Khuluma nodokotela wengane yakho noma umhlengikazi ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi wazi kahle kanjani ukunakekela ingane yakho uma ufika ekhaya. Buza noma yikuphi imibuzo onayo, bese uthola ukuthi ungakwazi yini "ukungena ngaphakathi" nengane yakho phakathi nobusuku bokugcina noma amabili ukuze uthole i-hang yezinto.
Izwi elivela ku-Verywell
Wonke ama-preemie azohluka, ngakho-ke thola abasebenzi be-NICU lapho ingane yakho ilungele ukubuyela ekhaya. Qinisekisa ukuthi ngeke bakuthumele ekhaya ngaphambi kokuba ukhululekile ukuphatha noma yiziphi izinkathazo ezingaphezu kwalezo zokunakekela ingane entsha ephelele.
Ngaphambi kokuthi ingane yakho ibuyele ekhaya, qiniseka ukuthola uhlelo lwakho lokusekela endaweni efanayo. Ukuletha ekhaya ingane encane ingabacindezela futhi ungase uzizwe ukhululekile lapho uwedwa ngemuva kokusebenza okuqhubekayo kwe-NICU. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi iningi lezingane ezishiya i-NICU zikhula zibe izingane ezinempilo.
> Imithombo:
> Aagaard H, Uhrenfeldt L, Spliid M, noFergran L. Okuhlangenwe nakho Kwezingxoxo Zabazali Lapho Izinsana Zabo Zisuswa eNyunithi Yokunakekelwa Okunakekelwa Okunakekelwayo: Uhlelo Olubukeziwe Lokubukeza. Idatha ye-JBI Yokubuyekeza Okuhlelekile Nokusetshenziswa Kwamaphutha . 2015. 13 (10): 123-32. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.11124/jbisrir-2015-2287.
> Kliegman RM, Stanton B, St Geme JW, Schor NF, Behrman RE, Nelson WE. UNelson Bookbook of Pediatrics. 20th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier, 2015.
> Quinn, J., Sparks, M., noS S. Gephart. Imikhawulo yokukhishwa kwe-Early Preterm Insana: Ukubuyekezwa Kwezincwadi. Intuthuko Ekunakekelweni Kwangasese . 2017 Ngomhla ka 24. Ngenkathi: 10.1097 / ANC.0000000000000406.