Inqubo ekukhetheni inzalo yokuthola umntwana
Ukuziqhenya kungasetshenziswa ukusiza ukwakha umndeni lapho owesifazane engakwazi ukukhulelwa ngokwakhe. Umuntu obelethayo uthatha ukukhulelwa ngenhloso yokuqala yokunikeza umntwana kumzali noma kubazali abathume umkhosi. Okufanelekile, abazali abahlosiwe bazobekwa ohlwini ngesitifiketi sokuzalwa.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuzivocavoca, ukuzivocavoca kwendabuko nokuzivocavoca komzimba.
Nge-surrogacy yendabuko, amaqanda angamakhelwane asetshenzisiwe asetshenziswa. Ngokuzivocavoca komzimba, lo muntu ongenalo uhlobo oluthile oluphathelene nezofuzo oluphathelene nezingane.
Ngokuzivocavoca komzimba, abazali abahlosiwe bangase babe ngababelethi bomzimba wengane, noma umnikezeli weqanda noma umnikezeli wesilisa angasetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nenye yemidlalo yezingane ezihlosiwe. Enye indlela kungenzeka ukuthi i-egg donor kanye ne-sperm donor bayokhethwa ngabazali abahlosiwe, noma umnikelo wokuba nombungu ungasetshenziswa.
Ngenxa yezinkinga zomthetho ezingase zenzeke nge-surrogacy yendabuko, ukuzivocavoca ngokweqile kuyindlela yokukhetha yokuzikhethela.
Ingabe Ukusetshenziswa Kwesimo Sokusetshenziswa Kuphi?
Ukuziqhenya ngokuvamile kuvame ukusetshenziswa uma owesifazane engakwazi ukuthwala imithi ngokwakhe. Izizathu zingafaka:
- akukho kwesibeletho, ngenxa yesici sokuzalwa esaziwa ngokuthi i-müllerian agenesis
- hysterectomy ngaphambi
- izifo ezingasebenzi ezivimbela ukufakelwa kombungu noma ukudala ukukhulelwa kwesisu okuphindaphindiwe
- i-Asherman's syndrome engathandeki, noma ukunamathela kwe-uterine
- ukungaziphathi okuphindaphindiwe okungaqondakali, okungaxazululwa ngenye indlela yokwelapha
- ukuhluleka kokuphindaphindiwe kwe-embryo ngesikhathi sokuphathwa kwe-IVF
- izimo zezokwelapha ezizokwenza impilo yokukhulelwa isongela umama noma umntwana, kuhlanganise nesifo senhliziyo esibi, lupus, umlando wesifo somdlavuza, isifo esinzima sezinso, i-cystic fibrous, isifo sikashukela esinamandla, noma umlando we- pre-eclampsia enamandla nge-HELLP syndrome
Ukuzibuza kungase kusetshenziselwe ukusiza umbhangqwana wesilisa ongumama-gay uba abazali.
Kukhona inkolelo yokuthi ukuvame ukuvame ukuvame ukuvame ukusetshenziselwa abesifazane abazama ukuzivikela emithwalweni yomzimba kanye nemiphumela yokukhulelwa.
Lokhu akulona iqiniso.
Ukuzikhethela kuhilela ukutshalwa kwezimali okunamandla nezomzwelo, futhi akuyona into esetshenziselwa ukugwema amanothi ambalwa.
Uthola Kanjani Futhi Ukhethe Ukuzikhethela
Ukuzibuza kungase kube umuntu owaziyo, njengomngane noma ilunga lomndeni, noma umfokazi, ngokuvamile otholakala ejensi.
Kunezinzuzo nezinkinga zokusebenzisa umuntu owaziyo ngelungiselelo lokuzikhethela. Enye inzuzo okungenzeka ukuthi lo mlingani angakwazi ukugcina kalula ubudlelwano obuqhubekayo nengane, uma lokho kubalulekile kuwe njengomzali. Okunye okungalungile okungahle kwenzeke kukhona ukuphikisana mayelana nezinqumo zomzali kungavela, ikakhulukazi uma izindima ezizayo zingacaciswanga ngokuphelele, zivunyelwe noma zigcinwe.
Uma unquma ukusebenzisa i-ejensi ukuthola i-surrogate yesigceme, kufanele ukhulume nomtholampilo wakho wokuzala noma wendawo QHUMELA ukuthintana kweqembu lokusekela . Kufanele bakwazi ukuncoma ama-ejensi abaye babhekana nakho okwenzekayo esikhathini esidlule.
Kubalulekile ukuthi uthole izinkomba zanoma yiliphi i-ejensi oyicabangelayo, wenze ukucwaninga okuningi, futhi uzizwe ukhululekile ngesinqumo sakho ngaphambi kokuba uqhubeke phambili.
Uma ngabe kunomuzwa wokuthi akulungile, lalela ugundane wakho, noma ngabe uthola izibuyekezo ezinhle ze-ejensi kwabanye.
Ukuzibuza kuyinkimbinkimbi, kugcwele izinselele zomthetho nezomzwelo. Kubalulekile ukuthi wonke amalungu eqembu lakho lokwakha umndeni alungele wena futhi ungcono kakhulu ukuthola isimo sakho.
Abanye abantu bacabangela ukuthi "bayazimela" - okungukuthi, befuna umuntu ongenakho (ongaziwa) ngaphandle kosizo lwe-ejensi. Ngesikhathi uthola i-subrogate ngokuzimela kungase kungabizi kakhulu, kungcono ukuhamba nge-ejensi yelungiselelo elinzima kangaka. Ngeke ucindezeleke kakhulu ngawe kanye nomuntu ongenakho.
Okunye okumele ukukhumbule, ukufuna umuntu ongenamuntu ngaphandle kosizo lwe-ejensi akuyona inketho yomthetho kwamanye amazwe.
Iyini Inqubo Yokuzihlola?
Njengoba kukhulunywe ngenhla, ngokuzivocavoca komzimba, kunezinketho ezine ezikhona zokukhulelwa kwengane:
Ukusebenzisa amaqanda nesidoda kusuka kubazali abahlosiwe. Kulesi simo, bobabili abazali abahlosiwe bazobe behlotshaniswa nezofuzo.
Ukusebenzisa iqanda noma isidoda kusuka kumzali ohlosiwe, kuhlangene neqanda lomnikelo noma isidoda. Kulesi simo, omunye umzali ohlosiwe uzobe ehlotshaniswa ngokofuzo emntwaneni.
Ukusebenzisa i-egg donor kanye ne-sperm donor. Kulesi simo, abazali abahlosiwe ngeke babe ne-genetically related to the child. (Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni zomthetho kwezinye izindawo.)
Ukusebenzisa umbungu wama-donor. Lokhu futhi ngeke kuholele ebuhlotsheni bokuzalwa kwezingane, okungabangela izinkinga zomthetho kwezinye izindawo.
Ukuze kube lula ukwenza lokho okuvele kuyinkimbinkimbi, le ncazelo izocabanga ukuthi abazali abahlosiwe banikeza iqanda nesidoda sokukhulelwa.
Okokuqala, abazali abahlosiwe bayobe banqume ngosizo lukadokotela wabo ukuthi ukubeletha kuyindlela engenzeka yokuba babe nomntwana, nokuthi umama nobaba abahlosiwe banamaqanda nesidumbu esinempilo ngokwanele yokukhulelwa ingane. Abazali abahlosiwe kuyodingeka babe nokuhlola noma ukuhlolwa kwengqondo, ukuwasiza baqonde ngokugcwele izingozi nezinkinga ezikhona ze-IVF surrogacy, kanye nokuzisiza ukuba bacabange futhi baqonde ezinye izinketho, kubandakanya ukutholwa noma ukuphishekela ukuphila okungenabantwana. Lokhu kungahle kwenzeke ngaphambi noma ngemva kokuba abazali abahlosiwe bathole i-ejensi.
Khona-ke, abazali abahlosiwe bayodinga ukuthola inhlangano yokuzikhethela ehambisana nezidingo zabo. Ukuthola ukudluliselwa kudokotela wabo wokubeletha noma emtholampilo, isahluko sabo se-RESOLVE isendaweni, noma isazi sezinzwa kwengqondo esibalulekeleyo singamathuba okucabangela.
Ngaphambi kokukhetha i-ejenti, abazali abahlosiwe kufanele bathole izinkomba, baxoxe namakhasimende wangaphambili e-agency (kokubili abazali nabazali), cwaninga le-agency, futhi babe nomhlangano nommeli omele.
Uma ngabe i-ejensi ikhethiwe, futhi isimiso sokukhokha se-ejensi sixoxwa futhi sivunyelwane ngaso, abazali abahlosiwe bazoboniswa amaphrofayli okuzikhethela ukuthi i-agency ezwa ukuthi ingabafanisa kangcono. Uma kutholakala umuntu othanda ukuzwa ukuthi uzizwa kahle kubazali, lo mntwana angase "ahlangane" nabazali ngenkomfa yefoni. Uma lokho kuhamba kahle, umhlangano ongaphakathi komuntu ungase uwenze ngokulandelayo. (Lokhu akudingi njalo, kodwa kuphakanyisiwe kakhulu, noma ngabe ukuhamba kuyadingeka.)
Uma abazali abahlosiwe nezingane ezizihlosile bazizwa befana, khona-ke lo muntu ozobe esebenza naye uzobhekana nokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha nokwengqondo (lokhu kungase kuphindwe ngisho noma ukuhlolwa kwangaphambilini kwenzekile). Uma edlulisa ukuhlolwa, abazali abahlosiwe kanye nabazali abazobe behlosiwe bazoxoxisana ngenkontileka, ngosizo lwabavoti abanolwazi lokuzivocavoca. I-ejensi ingase isikisele ummeli, noma ungase ukhethe owodwa.
Okubaluleke nakakhulu, akuwona umqondo omuhle kuwe kanye nomuntu onguchwepheshe wokuba nommeli oyedwa. Kungase kubonakale kusindisa imali, kodwa akufanelekile ingozi ukuthi izinto zakho (noma ezithandwa ngumuntu wakho) azimele ngokuphelele.
Uma usayinwe isivumelwano, izinkokhelo zixoxwa (ingxenye yenqubo yenkontileka), futhi zonke izinkokhelo ze-surrogacy zifakwe ku-akhawunti yokuqapha, uzonikezela lonke lolu lwazi kanye nephepha ukusebenza emtholampilo wakho wokuzala. Manje, inqubo yokuzikhethela ngokwayo ingaqala.
I-grogational surrogate kanye nomama ohlosiwe bayoba nemigqa yabo yokuvumelanisa ngamaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha kanye nokujova kwama-hormonal. Uma umjikelezo wezokwelapha uqala, umama ohlosiwe uzobhekana nokuqala kokwelashwa kwe-IVF, okubandakanya imijovo yokugqugquzela ama-ovari nokuqapha ngokusebenzisa umsebenzi we-ultrasound kanye negazi.
Phakathi naleso sikhathi, lo muntu ozithandayo uzothatha ama-hormone ukusiza ukulungiselela isisu sakhe sokudlulisa umbungu.
Ngosuku lokubuyiswa kweqanda, ubaba ohlosiwe uzohlinzeka ngesampula semasimini emtholampilo. Amaqanda abuyiselwe azohlanganiswa ne-sperm yebaba ohlosiwe. Noma yimiphi imibungu ezayo izobe ilindelwe izinsuku ezimbalwa, ukucacisa ukusebenza kwayo.
Emva kwalokho, izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu emva kokubuyiswa, inani elikhethiwe lemibungu lizodluliselwa kwisibeletho somntwana. Kungase kudingeke athathe izithako ze-hormone ngendlela yamajojo noma ama-suppository ukuze asize ukusekela ukukhulelwa.
Uma lo mjikelezo uphumelele, uma kutholakala ukushaya kwenhliziyo, lo mdlali uzogcinwa yi-OB / GYN yakhe evamile. Kungase kube khona ukuxhumana phakathi kwabazali abahlosiwe kanye nomuntu ohloswe ngaye, ngokuqondile noma ngokusebenzisa umlamuleli, phakathi nokukhulelwa. Izinga nohlobo lokuxhumana kufanele kuvunyelwane ngaphambi kokuhlelwa kwe-surrogacy, ngakho-ke abazali abazizwa bengashiywe ngaphandle futhi umuntu ongeke abe nomuzwa wokuthi akaqondanga kahle noma aphelelwe amandla.
Njengoba isikhathi sokubeletha sifika, lo muntu ongenamuntu angadinga ukuthuthela okwesikhashana kwesinye izwe noma izwe, lapho kulungiswa khona amalungiselelo okuzikhethela. Lokhu kungase kungadingekile uma lo muntu ohlala esesimweni esivela esimweni somusa noma ezweni elihle, futhi kungcono, kungcono ukukhetha umuntu ongobubele endaweni enobungane.
Konke lokhu kufanele kuhlelwe futhi kuvunyelwane ngesikhathi senkontileka, ngosizo lwabaqhenyi.
Uma ukugunyazwa kwesigceme kuqinisekiswa ukuthi kusebenza, uzoxhumana nabazali abahlosiwe. Isibhedlela kufanele sitshelwe mayelana nokuhlelwa kwe-surrogacy kusengaphambili, ngakho ukuxhumana okufanele nokufinyelela kunganikezwa bonke abathintekayo.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abazali abahlosiwe bazoba nomuntu ozalelwa ngesikhathi noma ngemuva kokuzalwa kuzoxhomeka ezivumelwaneni phakathi kwabo, ngethemba lokuthi banqunywe ekuqaleni. Abanye abathandana nabo bayokujabulela ukuba nabazali abakhona, kanti abanye bangase bacele ubumfihlo babo bonke noma izingxenye zomsebenzi.
Ukucabanga ukuthi ukuzalwa okujabulisayo nokuphilile kwenzeka, abazali kufanele bafike babambe ingane ngemuva kokuzalwa. Kwamanye amalungiselelo okuhlinzekwa nge-surrogacy, i-surrogate yokuvota ingavumelana ukunikeza ubisi lwebele olunyakazelayo isikhathi esithile sesikhathi.
Ummeli kufanele ahlele amalungelo omzali noma amaphepha ngaphambi kokuzalwa ngaphambi kokuba azalwe, futhi kufanele atholakale ngesikhathi sokuzalwa komntwana noma kwezingane. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuthola amagama abazali abahlosiwe kwisitifiketi sokuzalwa, esikhundleni segama lomngane.
Kwamanye amazwe nakwamanye amazwe, kukhona ukubambezeleka okudingekayo kwezinsuku noma amasonto ngaphambi kokuba umuntu ongenamuntu angaqinisekisa abazali abahlosiwe njengabazali beqiniso.
Ngenkathi sonke sibheke impumelelo, kungenzeka ukuthi umjikelezo we-IVF ngeke uphumelele futhi imijikelezo eminingi izozama. Kungenzeka futhi ukuba umjikelezo we-IVF ukhanselelwe phakathi kwezezizathu zezokwelapha, ngoba akukho mibungu okumele ikwazi ukusebenza, ngoba umbelethi angakhulelwa ngisho nemibungu enempilo, noma lowo ozalwa naye angase aphelelwe amandla.
Ezinye izixazululo ezingase zibe khona ku-surrogacy zihlanganisa ukukhulelwa okuphezulu okuphezulu , okungaholela ekunciphiseni ukukhulelwa kwentombazane (into okufanele ixoxwe ngaphambi kokusayina isivumelwano sokuzibulala); ukutholakala kwephutha lokuzalwa, okungabangela imibuzo yokuqeda ukukhulelwa; noma yinoma iyiphi inombolo yokucindezeleka kokukhulelwa ne-surrogate noma ingane.
Zonke lezi zimo kufanele zixoxwe ngaphambi kwezinkontileka ezisayinwe, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abazali nabazali abahlosiwe bayavuma ukuthi bangabhekana kanjani nezimo.
Kubiza Kangakanani Ukuziqhenya Ngokweqile?
Izindleko zokuzihlola zizoxhomekeka eziningana zezici, kufaka phakathi noma ngabe lowo ozinikezelayo uyaziwa yini, uma ukuzondla "kungumsebenzi wokuthengisa ngokweqile" (okusho ukuthi umuntu ozozinikela uzothola isinxephezelo ngezinsizakalo zakhe njengomuntu ongenakho, cishe njalo e-United States) , futhi uma kuhileleka i-gamete noma i-embryo donation. Izinga lokuhlangenwe nakho kwalowo muntu ozozinikela lizophazamisa intengo, kanye nabadlali abanolwazi abanamakhono abadinga ngaphezulu.
Lokho kusho ukuthi ububanzi buphakathi kuka- $ 50,000 kuya ku-$ 100,000, okubandakanya izindleko zomthetho, izimali ze-agency, izimali ze-IVF , nezinkokhelo kumuntu ozinikela.
Ozikhulumela yena ngokwakhe, ngokuzikhethela ezentengiselwano, ngokuvamile ukhokhelwa phakathi kuka- $ 20,000 kuya ku-$ 35,000. Izinkokhelo zinikezwa izingxenye, ngokuqala ngokuqinisekiswa kwenhliziyo futhi kunikezwe zonke izinyanga ezimbalwa, nge-akhawunti yokuqapha okufanele ihlelwe ngaphambi kwenqubo ye-IVF.
Umshuwalense uvame ukufaka amalungiselelo okuzikhethela, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kutholakale izinqubo ezithile, ezifana nokuphathwa kwe-IVF. Ukubeletha nokubeletha kungase kuhlanganiswe abanye abathwali bomshuwalense, kodwa ezinye zihlanganisa isigatshana sokukhululwa. (Uma ukhetha umuntu ongenayo, ukuthola umuntu onomshuwalense kulungile.)
Kodwa-ke, ngoba ukuhlinzeka yonke ilungiselelo lokuzikhethela kuyinto engavamile futhi engakaze ihlanganiswe ngokuphelele, kufanele uhlele ukukhokha yonke inqubo.
Okuningi ku-IVF:
- Izimiso ze-IVF: Kungani kwenziwa, kwenzekani, lokho okukubizayo
- Embrus Extra Emva IVF: 5 Izinketho Ukucabangela
- I-IVF ibiza malini?
- 7 Izindlela Zokukhokha Okuncane Futhi Thola I-Cash ye-IVF
- Yiziphi izintela ze-IVF Impumelelo?
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ovarian Reserve: Okukutshelayo, Okungeke kwenzeke
- I-IVF neSonto Elibili Lilinde: Ukuphumula Kombhede, Ubulili, Nokucindezeleka
- Ukuthutha Ukudluliswa Kwama-Embryo: Yini Okumele Yilindele, Okwenziwe Kwenziwe
- I-Gonadotropin Side Effects kanye Izingozi
- Ukukhetha Ukungahambisani Nokunakekelwa Kwezithelo
Imithombo:
UBrinsden, uPeter R. "Ukuzibulala ngokweqile." Ukuvuselela Ukukhiqizwa Komuntu, Vol.9, No.5 iphe. 483 ± 491, 2003 http://humupd.oxfordjournals.org/content/9/5/483.full.pdf
Brisman, Melissa B. Yini okufanele ucabangele uma ucabanga ngokuziqhenya kwamaGestational. Umkhandlu we-InterNational on the Infertility Information Distribution. http://www.inciid.org/article.php?cat=thirdparty&id=786
Sharon LaMothe. http://lamothesurrogacyconsulting.com/ Imeyili Ukuxhumana / Ingxoxo. Ngo-Agasti 16 no-17, 2011.
Ukuzibuza. Ukufakelwa komuntu kanye ne-Embryology Authority. http://www.hfea.gov.uk/fertility-treatment-options-surrogacy.html
Ukukhiqizwa Kwesithathu (Ukunikezelwa kwesibindi, amaqanda, kanye nombungu we-embryo kanye ne-surrogacy). I-American Society of Medicine Yokuzala. http://www.asrm.org/uploadedFiles/ASRM_Content/Resources/Patient_Resources/Fact_Sheets_and_Info_Booklets/thirdparty.pdf
Izinhlelo zokuqapha (# 17). Imibuzo Yokubuza Uchungechunge. HLELA. http://familybuilding.resolve.org/site/DocServer/Surrogacy_Programs.pdf?docID=544