Ingabe Kufanele Ukhathazeke Uma Uthola Umgomo We-MMR Ngemuva kokuthola?
Ukwamukela i-rubella (isisimungumane saseJalimane) ngesikhathi ukhulelwe kungabangela ukukhulelwa kwesisu kanye nezinye izinkinga ezinkulu, ngakho-ke abesifazane bakhuthazwa ukuba bahlale besesimweni semishanguzo ye-MMR (imishuphu, imifino, kanye ne-rubella) njengendlela yokunciphisa izingozi. Kodwa uma uthola ukugoma nge-MMR ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kufanele ukhathazeke?
Kungani ukutheleleka kweRubella ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuyingozi
Kubaluleke kakhulu kubesifazane besifo sokubeletha ukuthola ukugoma kwe-MMR.
Ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-rubella, okungabangela izimpawu ezinjenge-flu-like futhi ukuhlaselwa kokubili izingane kanye nabantu abadala, ngokuvamile akuyona into embi. Kuyinto engavamile kakhulu eNingizimu Afrika, ngenxa yokugonywa kwabantwana (umuthi wokugoma we-rubella utholakale kusukela ngo-1969 futhi umgomo wokubambisana we-MMR ukhona kusukela ngo-1971). Kodwa-ke, uma umama olindelekile engayivumelani futhi ayidlulisele kumntwana wakhe okhulayo esibelethweni, kungabangela ukulimala kakhulu emntwaneni.
Izingozi zokukhulelwa okungenzeka ukuthi zihlobene nokutheleleka kwe- rubella (hhayi ukugoma kwe-rubella) kufaka phakathi:
- Ukukhubazeka kokubeletha (rubella syndrome yokuzala): Ingozi yengane ekhulayo i- rubella syndrome yokuzalwa engaphansi kwayo ixhomeke ekukhulelweni umama ovumelana nokutheleleka. Phakathi ne-trimester yokuqala, ingozi iseduze kwamaphesenti angu-85. Ukutheleleka phakathi kweviki lesishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalolunye lokukhulelwa kuholela ku-rubella syndrome yangasese engama-54% wezingane. Ingozi ihlaselwa kuma-25 amaphesenti kamuva emva kwe-trimester yesibili, kanti ukutheleleka kwezintathu ezintathu kungabangela ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa okungenasifo. I-syndrome ngokuvamile ihlanganisa ukuphuphutheka, ukuzwa ukulahlekelwa, ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo, i-microcephaly (ikhanda elincane), nokuphuza kwengqondo.
Ngisho noma i-rubella ingavamile manje, odokotela bavame ukuhlola bonke abesifazane ukuba babone ukuthi bane-immunity ekuthelelekeni ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kokuqala kokubeletha.
Odokotela Abakhetha Ngakanani Isikhathi Umgomo We-MMR
Umgomo we-MMR uklanyelwe ukuhlinzeka ukuvikelwa e-rubella, i-rubeola (isisimungum), kanye nemisipha.
Ikulungiswe ngamagciwane aphilile (aqhathaniswa) aphilayo (ngokungafani nemigomo eminingi elungiselelwe ngegciwane elibulawe), ngakho odokotela bavame ukweluleka ukugwema ukukhulelwa okungenani inyanga eyodwa ngemva kokuthola umgomo wokunciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka.
Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi abesifazane bangase bangazi ukuthi bakhulelwe uma begonywe. Abanye bangase bakhulelwe ngengozi ngokushesha kunenyanga eyodwa emva kokuthola umgomo woku-MMR.
Yimiphi Imibukiso Yokucwaninga
Ezicwaningweni zibheke ukugoma kwe-MMR ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, abacwaningi bathola:
- Ayikho enye yalezi zihloko ezalaza umntwana one-rubella syndrome ebusweni.
- Izinga lokungathathi izidakamizwa azizange liphakeme kunalo lonke labantu.
Abacwaningi baphetha ngokuthi ukugoma kwe-rubella akubonakali kuyingozi ekukhulelweni kokuqala. Nokho, ukuphutha eceleni kokuqapha, odokotela bayaqhubeka beyala ukwelinda kancane ukuba bakhulelwe, futhi batusa ngokugoma abesifazane abaziwa ukuthi bakhulelwe.
Uma Uthole Imithi Ye-Rubella Phakathi Nokukhulelwa
Uma uthola umgomo we-MMR ngesikhathi ukhulelwe, zama ukungethuki. Iseluleko mayelana nokulinda ukukhulelwa emva kokugoma kwe-rubella kusekelwe engozini yemfundiso , kunokuba kutholakale ubufakazi obunobungozi.
Kungenzeka ukuthi konke kuzoba kuhle. Noma kunjalo, qiniseka ukuthi uyakusho ku-OB / GYN yakho uma kwenzeka efuna ukukuqapha-ukuze uvikeleke.
Ngubani okufanele athole umgomo we-MMR?
Ngokwezikhungo zokulawulwa nokuvimbela izifo (CDC), bonke abantu abazalwa ngo-1957 noma kamuva kufanele babe nomdlalo owodwa we-MMR ngaphandle uma:
- Izivivinyo zeLab zibonisa ukuthi zivikelekile kuzo zonke izifo ezintathu (isishubhu, imifino kanye nerubella)
- Ukugonywa kunemithi ephikisana nabo (ngokwesibonelo, mhlawumbe banesifo sengqondo kwenye yezingxenye)
Okufanelekile, Nini Ukuthola I-Vaccinated
Uma ucabanga ngokukhulelwa noma usukhulelwe kakade, yilokhu okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nokugonywa nge-MMR.
- Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa: Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa maduzane futhi ungakafiki umgomo we-MMR (noma uma ungazi ukuthi uwutholile esikhathini esidlule), ungahlolwa ukuzivikela. Mhlawumbe ungumzimba uma ungadutshulwa noma uphethwe i-rubella esikhathini esidlule. Uma ungenamandla omzimba, thola i-MMR shot bese ulinda inyanga ngaphambi kokuzama ukukhulelwa . Uma ungumuntu omzimba, ungaqala ukuzama ukukhulelwa ngokushesha.
- Uma ukhulelwe: Uma uthola umjovo we-MMR ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe, usuke ukhulelwe futhi awudingi ukukhathazeka ngokubamba i-rubella. Uma uthola umgomo we-MMR ngesikhathi ukhulelwe, futhi, akusona isizathu sokwesaba, kodwa vumela udokotela wakho wazi uma kwenzeka efuna ukukuqapha. Uma ungakaze uthole umgomo we-MMR, thola isibhamu ngokushesha ngemva kokubeletha. Abanye odokotela batusa ukugoma ngaphambi kokuba basuke esibhedlela kanti abanye batusa ukuba bafike ekuvakasheni kwe-postpartum . Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuba ungaguli futhi udlulisele isifo kumntanakho futhi kuzosiza ukuvikela ukukhulelwa kwakho esikhathini esizayo.
> Imithombo:
> de Martino, M. Ukuphazamisa iTaboo ngokumelene nemithi yokukhulelwa ekukhulelweni. I-International Journal of Sciences Molecular . 2016. 17 (6) .pii: E894.
> Hisano, M., Kato, T., Inoue, E., Sago, J., noK. Yamaguchi. Ukuhlolwa Kwezinyosi-I-Rubella Vaccination for Mothers in Early Puerperal Phase. Umgomo . 2016. 34 (9): 1208-14.
> Keller-Stanislawski, B., Englund, J., Kang, G. et al. Ukuphepha kokugonywa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa: Ukubukeza Ubufakazi Bokukhethwa Okungenakusebenza Nokuphila Okugwenywe Ngaphambi Kokukhulelwa. Umgomo . 2014. 32 (52): 7057-64.