Iveki Yakho Yeshumi (Iminyaka Eyisithupha Edala)

Abantu bavame ukumangala ukuthi kungenzeka ukubeletha amawele namaphilisi e-oda eliphezulu.

Noma kunjalo, akunakwenzeka kuphela, kodwa omama abaningi beziphindaphindiwe benza njalo nsuku zonke.

Futhi ngenkathi ucabanga ukuthi ukuhambisana nokukhiqiza ubisi okwanele kwengane ngayinye kungaba yingxenye eyinzima, njengezici eziningi zokunakekela amawele, inkinga yakho enkulu ngokuvamile iba nesikhathi esanele sokunakekela futhi uthole ezinye izinto zenziwe.

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Amawele Amabele

Ukuncelisa izingane zombili ngesikhathi esifanayo kuyindlela eyodwa ebonakalayo yokusindisa isikhathi esithile, kepha lokho akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukwenza izingane zakho zikhule.

Siza amawele okubeletha

Ngisho noma kungenzeka ukubeletha amawele, lokho akusho ukuthi kulula.

Amanye amathiphu okusiza ngenkathi ukubeletha amawele kuhlanganisa:

• thola usizo kumxhumanisi we-lactation ngokushesha nje lapho abantwana bakho bezalwa futhi ngaphambi kokuba ube nezinkinga, njengezinsipho ezinzima noma ukuhlinzeka ngobisi oluphansi
• ujoyine iqembu lezinhlangothi ezimbili zokusekela, lapho uzothola khona abanye omama abaningi bezilwane ezincelisayo noma ababelethe abantwana babo amawele
• ukuncelisa ngesidingo, kepha uma izingane zombili zingalali ngesikhathi esisodwa, vumela noma yikuphi lapho ingane ilamba khona kuqala thola isimiso sokudla okufunayo.
• ubuyekeze indlela yokukhulisa ubisi lwebele lwebele uma wehla futhi ungahlangabezane nezidingo zamawele akho

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Amanzi kanye namanzi

Abazali abafuna ukunikeza amanzi amancane noma amantsana abo amancane empeleni benza izinto zibe nzima nakakhulu kunalokho okudingeka zibe khona.

Khumbula ukuthi ngokusho kwe-American Academy of Pediatrics, "Phakathi nezinyanga eziyisithupha zokuqala, ngisho nasezindaweni ezishisayo, amanzi namanzi akudingekile ezinganeni ezincelisayo." Futhi asikho isizathu esihle sokucabanga ukuthi iseluleko singaba sehlukile kumntwana ophuza ifomula esikhundleni sokunakekela.

Amanzi noma ijusi lokuqokwa

Ingabe kunesikhathi esihle sokunikeza amanzi noma umsoco wakho umntwana ngaphambi kokuba eneminyaka eyisithupha ubudala?

Ukuqokwa kuyisimo esiyinhloko esingakunikeza ukuba unike ingane yakho ama-ounces ambalwa wamanzi noma ijusi nsuku zonke ukusiza ukunciphisa ukunyakaza kwayo. Khumbula ukuthi izingane ezisondelene kakhulu nebele kuphela aziqabukeli, noma kunjalo. Ngakho-ke ngisho noma ingane yakho enebele ihamba kuphela imfucuza yamathumba njalo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa noma kanye ngesonto, ejwayelekile ezinyangeni ezimbili noma ezintathu, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi akaqothulwanga uma edla kahle futhi ekugcineni enezintuthwane ezihamba kahle.

Amantombazane aphethwe amafomula angase aqinisekiswe, noma kunjalo. Ngakho ngezikhathi ezithile, udokotela wakho wezingane angase anikeze ama-ounces ambalwa amanzi noma ijusi ngosuku lomntanakho. Uma lokhu kuba inkinga yesikhathi esijwayelekile, ushintsho oluvela kubisi olusekelwe ubisi ukuya kwifomula ye- soy lungase luzuze ngoba ukuqunjelwa okungapheli kungaba uphawu lokungabekezelelani kwefomula.

_Imithombo:

_{Isitatimende Senqubomgomo Yase-American Academy of Pediatrics: Ukuncelisa Nokusetshenziswa Kwebisi Lomuntu. I-Pediatrics 2012; 129: 3 e827-e841}

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Iviki eli-10 Q & A - Umbala Weso Lomntwana

Imibuzo evamile evela kubazali bezinsana zihlanganisa ukuthi amehlo omntanakho azoshintsha umbala futhi uma kunjalo, nini. .

Ingabe amehlo omntanakho azohlala ehlunga, okuyizinsana eziningi ezizalwa nazo, noma zizophenduka ezibomvu, eziluhlaza, noma ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka?

Ochwepheshe abaningi bacabanga ukuthi umbala weso lomntwana uzohlala ufana noma uzoba mnyama phezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisishiyagalolunye zokuphila kwakhe. Ngakho amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka angaba mnyama, aluhlaza noma aluhlaza, kodwa amehlo aluhlaza cishe ngeke alulame futhi abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Ngeshwa, cishe kuzomele ulinde futhi ubone ukuthi benzani.

I-Genetics ne-Eye Color

Omunye umbuzo ovamile wukuthi ingane iphela kanjani ngamehlo aluhlaza lapho bobabili abazali benamehlo aluhlaza.

Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba isisindo sombala wamehlo aluhlaza okwedlulele, okusho ukuthi udinga izakhi ezimbili zezinhlobonhlobo zamehlo aluhlaza ukuze ube namahlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isisindo samahloni asundu sikhulu, ngakho-ke udinga kuphela isakhi sofuba samehlo ensundu ukuba sibe namabala ensundu. Ngakho-ke, uma othile enesisindo esisodwa samehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nesisodwa segciwane leso elimnyama (ngokuvamile sinezifo ezimbili zezinto eziningi ezifana nombala weso, umbala wezinwele, noma ukuphakama, ukuthola eyodwa kumzali ngamunye), umntwana uzoba nomnyo obomvu.

Kodwa ngisho noma abazali ababili banamehlo aluhlaza, bobabili bangaba nesisodwa sezitho zamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Uma ngamunye edlulisa leli gciwane kumntanakhe, khona-ke umntwana uzoba nezakhi zofuzo ezimbili zamehlo aluhlaza futhi empeleni abe namahloni aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Izakhi zamehlo aluhlaza zibuye zibe phezu kombala wamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kodwa zithinta ngokweqile zibe zibomvu. Ngakho yimuphi umbala ongeke abe nomntwana uma umzali oyedwa enamehlo aluhlaza kanti omunye umzali unamehlo aluhlaza? Njengoba izakhi zofuzo zombala zesobala ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi aziqondi kahle, impendulo yangempela ukuthi ingane ingaba cishe noma yimuphi umbala weso kusuka ku-hazel kuya eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

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Iviki Eziyishumi Amathiphu Okunakekela - Ukulala

Umntwana wakho ulele kangakanani?

Uma engalali kanye nokucabanga ukuthi kufanele abe, manje kungaba yisikhathi esihle sokusebenza ngezinkinga zokulala kwengane yakho.

Ukulindela Ukulala Kwezingane

Ngenkathi ezinye izingane sezilele kakade ubusuku okungenani amahora angu-8 noma ama-10, ngenkathi zinamaviki ayishumi ubudala, iningi liyakusuka okungenani kanye. Ngakho uma ingane yakho ivuke kanyekanye manje, empeleni uqinisile endleleni.

Kuvame ukufika ezinyangeni ezintathu noma ezine izinsana eziningi zilala nanyana ubusuku. Futhi kungakapheli izinyanga eziyisithupha cishe zonke izingane zilele ubusuku bonke.

Ukuxazulula Izinkinga Zokulala zezingane

Uma ngamasonto angu-10 ingane yakho isakhula izikhathi ezingaphezu kwambili noma kathathu ebusuku, kungenzeka ukuthi ulala kahle futhi ungase usebenze ekumsizeni ukulala kangcono.

Ezinye izinto ezingasiza ingane yakho ukulala kangcono ebusuku zihlanganisa:

• ukukhuluma nodokotela wezingane ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ingane yakho ayinayo isimo sezokwelapha njenge-acid reflux ephazamisa ukulala kwakhe
• funda incwadi yokulala yokubeletha , njenge:
  • Isixazululo se-No-Cry Sleep
  • Ukuxazulula Izinkinga Zokulala Kwengane Yakho (incwadi kaFerber ), noma
  • I-American Academy of Pediatrics Iholele Ukulala Kwengane Yakho
• zama ukunamathela emihlanganweni evamile yokunakekelwa, ukulala , nokulala, njengoba ngisho nabantwana abasanda kufunwa cishe kunamathuba amaningi manje
• ubeke ingane yakho embhedeni ngenkathi elele, kodwa usuke uphapheme, okusho ukuthi akazange alele ekudleni noma egoqa ezandleni zakho
• phakathi nosuku, faka ingane yakho ukuba ilele esitokisini sayo noma e-bassinet (nomaphi lapho elala khona ebusuku) futhi ungamvumeli ahlale elele esihlalweni sakhe semoto, umgibeli noma agibele

Okubaluleke kakhulu, qaphela ukuthi uthola ingane yakho ukuba ilale kodwa ubusuku bungathatha isikhathi futhi usebenze, futhi akuyona into "eyenzeka ngobusuku bonke".

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Ukuphepha Komkhiqizo Wezingane - Izingane zokubeletha kanye ne-Maya Wrap Sling

Ngamaviki ayishumi, abantwana abaningi bathanda ukuqhutshwa nxazonke.

Bangase bathande ukuchitha isikhathi esithile esikhwameni sokugoba noma esihlaselayo, kodwa bangashesha ngokushesha futhi bafune ukuthathwa. Lokhu kufana kakhulu nakakhulu kule minyaka njengoba ingane yakho ivukile isikhathi eside isikhathi sosuku.

Ngenkathi ungamane uthwale ingane yakho ezandleni zakho sonke isikhathi, kunzima ukuthola noma yini enye eyenziwe ngaleyo ndlela. Ngaphezu kwalokho izingalo zakho cishe zizokhathala ngokushesha.

I- Maya Wrap Sling iyindlela enhle yokuphatha ingane yakho nxazonke futhi ugcine izingalo zakho nezandla zakho mahhala. Kuyinto yokuguqulwa kwendwangu evumela ukuthi uhambise ingane yakho ezindaweni eziningi ezihlukene, kubandakanya ukuhlala okubelethwe usana olusanda kuzalwa, ukubamba ukukhanya okubonakalayo, nokubhebhetheka phambili kwe-kangaroo. Izikhundla ezimbili zokugcina zifana nalokho ongalindela ekusebenziseni into efana ne-BABYBJÖRN Baby Carrier.

Khumbula ukuthi ezinye eziningi zezinkinobho nezithwali zihamba emakethe.

Babywearing

Ukunakekela ingane yakho ku-Maya Wrap Sling, noma noma yikuphi ukuthungana kwezingane kulolu daba, akulona kulula njengokubukeka, okungenani hhayi izikhathi ezimbalwa zokuqala ozizamayo.

Ngenhlanhla, ungaba khona emakilasini wokubeletha ukuze akusize usebenzise i-Maya Wrap Sling yakho.

Inkampani eyenza i-Maya Wrap inikeza nemiyalelo enemininingwane namavidiyo okwenza kube lula ukufunda indlela yokusebenzisa kahle i-Maya Wrap Sling.

Kuze kube yilapho uzizwa ukhululekile usebenzisa umphathisi wakho wezingane, kungaba usizo ukuvumela omunye umuntu ukuba akusize ekungeniseni ingane yakho, futhi ikakhulukazi kusukela kube khona imibiko yokulimala okunzulu okuhlobene nokusetshenziswa kwezingane zokubeletha.

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Yeka isikhumbuzo sokubhema

Ngokwe-March of Dimes, "Ukubhema kuyalimaza ingane yakho. Uma ubhema, ingane yakho ithola oksijini encane. Ukungabi ne-oxygen kungabangela ingane yakho ukuba ikhule kancane kancane futhi ithole isisindo esincane esibelethweni. umsebenzi wokuqala kanye nezinye izinkinga zokukhulelwa. "

Ngenhlanhla, omama abaningi abakhulelwe bayaqonda lokhu futhi bayeke ukubhema ngenkathi bekhulelwe.

Kodwa-ke, abesifazane abangaba ngu-60 abayeka ukubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa baqala ukubhema futhi ngesikhathi ingane yabo ineminyaka eyisithupha ubudala.

Nakuba abesifazane beqala ukubhema futhi ngenxa yezizathu eziningi, kunezizathu eziningi ezinhle zokuyeka, noma kangcono, hhayi ukuqala ukubhema futhi. Izizathu zifakazela ukuthi ukubhema komusi wesibindi kubhekwa ukuthi kwandise amathuba okuthola ingane yengane, izifo, isifo se-asthma, i-wheezing, i-pneumonia kanye nezifo ezingaphezulu zokuphefumula.

Umusi ungabangela nokuhlaselwa yisifo se-asthma ezinganeni eziningi futhi zivame ukubi kunabantwana abangabonakali komuntu obhema.

Futhi izinsana ezitholwa kumnakekeli ophuza noma umama ogwayi ngenkathi ekhulelwe zingaphezu kwamathuba amane okufa nge- Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS).

Izixhumanisi:

• Association American Lung Association - Yeka Ukubhema - Indlela Yokuyeka
• I-Great American Smokeout
• Mayelana nokuqeda ukubhema

_Imithombo:

_{March we-Dimes. Ukubhema: Amathiphu okushiya.}

_{I-American Academy of Pediatrics: Umgwaqo wogwayi: impendulo yodokotela wezingane. - Izidakamizwa - 01-Apr-2001; 107 (4): 794-8.}

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Izifo Zengane - I-RSV

Abazali bavame ukukhathazeka ngezifo ezibangelwa i-RSV noma igciwane lokuphefumula le-syncytial.

Cishe laba bazali bezwe ngezinsana ezitholile i-RSV futhi zithuthukisa amasondo, zihlupha ukuphefumula, futhi zingase zidingeke ukuba zibhedlela. Ngenhlanhla, izingane eziningi ezithola ama-RSV, ikakhulukazi izingane ezindala, zithola izimpawu ezibandayo ezifana nekhasi eligijima, ukukhwehlela nomkhuhlane.

Izingane ezincane, ikakhulukazi izinsana nezinsana, zisengozini yokutheleleka kakhulu kwe-RSV. Lezi zingane zingahlakulela izimpawu ze-RSV ezidabukisayo ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingaba ngu-2 ukuya kwezingu-4 zokuba nezimpawu ezibandayo ezijwayelekile futhi emva kokuba umkhuhlane wabo usuke uphambukile kufaka:

• ukucasula nokudla okubi
• ubuqili
• ukuhogela ukukhwehlela
• ukuphefumula kanzima, ukuhoxiswa nokukhwabanisa
• ukuphefumula okusheshayo
• isondo
• i-hypoxemia (amazinga aphansi oksijini), nakuba i-cyanosis, ayivamile
• i-apnea, nakuba lokhu kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezingaphansi kwamasonto ayisithupha ubudala

Qinisekisa ukushayela udokotela wezingane noma ufune olunye uhlobo lwezokwelashwa uma kubonakala sengathi ingane yakho ibanda kakhulu futhi ucabanga ukuthi uthuthukisa izimpawu ze-RSV ezinamandla kakhulu.

Ukuvimbela i-RSV

I-Synagis ingumjovo wanyangazonke onganikezwa ezinganeni eziphezulu ezingozini, ikakhulukazi izingane ezingaphambi kwesikhathi , ukuzivimbela ukuba zithole i-RSV. Njengoba isikhathi se-RSV sivame ukugijima kusukela ngoNovemba kuze ku-March, ama-synagis shots avame ukuqala ngo-Okthoba futhi anikezwe kuze kube sekupheleni kwesikhathi se-RSV.

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Isaziso sezeMpilo - Imithi yamaCold

Izimpawu ezinobuthi , kuhlanganise nekhala eligijimayo, ukukloloda, nokukhwehlela, kuvamile ezinganeni, ikakhulukazi izingane ezincane ezisezinsukwini zokugcina.

Ngeshwa, njengoba ulingwa njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi unike ingane yakho umkhuhlane nomuthi obandayo ukuze uzame futhi kumsize azizwe kangcono, akukho mithi ebandayo emayelana ne-FDA evunyelwe izingane ezisencane noma ziye zafakazelwa ukuthi empeleni zithuthukise izimpawu ezibandayo.

Eqinisweni, lapho ekhuluma ngokukhwehlela nemithi ebandayo, i-FDA ibika ukuthi "kuphakanyiswe imibuzo mayelana nokuphepha kwale mikhiqizo nokuthi ngabe izinzuzo zifakazela yini noma yiziphi izingozi ezingase zivele ekusebenziseni le mikhiqizo ezinganeni, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili ubudala . "

Imibiko eminingi yezinkinga nale mithi ivela kubazali enikeza kakhulu noma enikeza imithi kaningi. Ngakho-ke akusho ukuthi imithi iyingozi uma isetshenziswe kahle. Kuyinkinga yokuthi akekho owazi ngempela imithi efanele yale mithi yenzelwe izingane ezincane, okuyisizathu esihle sokuthi kungani kufanele sigwenywe.

Kukhona ngisho nezixwayiso kule ilebula ukuthi akufanele zinikezwe izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-4.

Enye iphutha abazali abakwenzayo unikeza imithi emibili enezithako ezifanayo, ezingase ziholele ekudleni, ngisho noma imithi ngayinye inikezwa ngesilinganiso esifanele. Isibonelo, uma unikeza ingane yakho i-Tylenol ne-Triaminic Cough & Sore Throat Ingane ngesikhathi esifanayo, uzobe uphindaphindiwe ngomthamo we-acetaminophen (iTylenol), njengoba bekhona emithi ngayinye.

Ukuze uphephe, khuluma nodokotela wezingane ngaphambi kokuba unikeze imithi yakho ebantwaneni abancani kunayo yonke imithi ebanda futhi ekhwehlela , ikakhulukazi uma ingaphansi kwezinyanga ezine kuya kweziyisithupha ubudala.

_Imithombo:

_{I-FDA yezempilo yomphakathi. Ukunyuka okungekho emthethweni kanye nomuthi onobuthi Sebenzisa ku-Children. Agasti 15, 2007.}

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Iviki Elishumi Lokukwenza Uhlu - Uhlu Lokuhlola Ukwaziswa Okuphuthumayo

Abazali bezinsana ezincane abavame ukuzwa bekhululekile ukushiya bodwa bodwa.

Ukuhlinzeka ngomntanakho noma umnakekeli ngolwazi oluphelele oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha mayelana nomntanakho lungakwenza ube ngcono nakakhulu.

Ukuqoqa ulwazi olulandelayo futhi ulondoloze endaweni ephathekayo, njengefoni, kuzosiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umntanakho noma umnakekeli unolwazi olufanele uma kwenzeka kuphuthumayo.

• indlela yokusebenzisa izinsizakalo zezokwelapha eziphuthumayo zendawo yakho, ikakhulukazi uma kungenziwanga ngokubiza 911
• inombolo ye- Poison Control - (800) 222-1222
• ulwazi lwakho lokuxhumana oluphuthumayo, kuhlanganise nomsebenzi nezinombolo zocingo kanye nanoma yiziphi izinombolo ezengeziwe kanye noxhumana nabo
• igama lomdokotela wengane yakho nenombolo yocingo
• igama lomntanakho wengane yakho nenombolo yocingo
• ulwazi lomshuwalense wezempilo, kufaka phakathi uhlelo lwakho nenombolo yenqubomgomo
• igama eliphelele lomntanakho nosuku lokuzalwa
• Umlando wezokwelapha wengane yakho kuhlanganise yonke imithi yokudla, ukudla okudlayo, imithi ethatha imithi, nanoma yiziphi izinkinga zezokwelapha onayo, ikakhulukazi izinkinga zezokwelapha ezingapheli ezifana ne-asthma, ukuhlukunyezwa, noma isifo sikashukela
• noma yimiphi imiyalo ekhethekile onayo
• noma yiluphi olunye ulwazi oluphuthumayo ocabanga ukuthi lubalulekile, kufaka phakathi ikheli nenombolo yendlu yakho

Ukuze uqedele, ikakhulukazi uma uzobe uhamba ebusuku noma kwenye idolobha, ungase ugunyaze umnakekeli wengane yakho ukuba afune ukunakekelwa kwezempilo uma ingane yakho igula.