Izindlela Zokuthola Ukuxilongwa Kungadlulela
Abazali abahamba ngezinqubo zokuhlunga ukukhubazeka ekufundeni bangathola uhla lwezinto zokuhlola eziyinkimbinkimbi, imibono yokufunda, namalebula abalindele. Ukwenza izinto zidideke kakhulu kubazali, kunezinhlelo ezahlukene zokuxilonga laphaya ezibandakanya izindlela ezahlukene zokwenza izinqumo zokuxilonga. Ukufunda ukukhubazeka ukukhubazeka kuyisayensi engenamqondo.
Abanye ochwepheshe bayavumelani ngezindlela ezingcono zokunquma ukuthi kukhona ukukhubazeka kokufunda okukhona. Kungani kukhona ukudideka okuningi?
- Okokuqala, kunezinhlelo ezahlukene zokuxilonga ezisetshenziswayo. Izindlela kanye nezindinganiso zokuxilonga ezisetshenziselwa ukuxilonga ukukhubazeka kokufunda ezikoleni zomphakathi zihlukile kulabo asetshenziselwa abahloli ekusebenzeni kwangasese.
- Okwesibili, kunemibono emizimbeni eqondisa ukuxilongwa ezikoleni zomphakathi nakwezinye izikole zomphakathi. Izikole zomphakathi kanye nezilinganiso ezizimele zilawulwa yi-ejensi kahulumeni, amabhodi, kanye neziqondiso ezichaza ukukhubazeka kokufunda.
- Abantu abanoMtsetfo weMtsetfo Wekukhubazeka weMtsetfo wekukhubazeka lokufundza ngekukhubazeka kanye neminye imitsetfo yekukhubazeka esikolweni lesivele bantfu labanyenti futsi bashiya tintfo letitsite letifanele kutsi tichaze. Ngenxa yalokho, kukhona umehluko kusuka kumbuso ukuya ku-criteria yokuhlola. Ingane efaneleka njengokufunda ekhubazekile kwelinye izwe lingase lingabi nelungelo kwelinye, elingathinta imindeni esuka embusweni kuya esimweni.
- Imithethonqubo kanye nezinhlelo zokuxilonga ezilawula abahloli ekusebenzeni kwangasese, okungukuthi izazi ze-psychologists ezinezimvume noma izifo zengqondo, ziyizinto ezingezansi kakhulu kunezo ezisetshenziswa ezikoleni zomphakathi. I-Manual Diagnostic and Statistical of Disorders Mental, ebizwa nangokuthi i-DSM, isibonelo, isebenzisa izindlela eziningi zokufaneleka kunezindlela zokwenza izibalo. Ngenxa yalokho, imibono yomhloli ibaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lwe-DSM lokuthola ukuxilongwa.
- Ngokujwayelekile, izinqubo zokuhlonza ukukhubazeka ezikoleni zomphakathi eziningi ziyavumelana phakathi kwezikole ezizweni ngalinye, kodwa lokhu kungase kungabi njalo.
- Amazwe ahlukene angase abe nezindinganiso ezihlukene nezindlela zokuthola ukukhubazeka kokufunda ukukhubazeka. Ngenxa yalokho, kungenzeka ukuba umfundi aqeqeshe esimweni esisodwa kodwa hhayi enye.
- Amasistimu esikoleni somphakathi ngokuvamile asebenzisa inhlanganisela ye:
- Ukuhlolwa okuhlelekile usebenzisa ukungafani kokuphumelela kokubheka ukuthola ukuthi ukukhubazeka kokufunda kukhona nokuthi kunzima kangakanani; futhi
- Impendulo yezindlela zokuvimbela ukuthola ukuthi ukukhubazeka kokufunda kungaba imbangela yenkinga yezifundo zabafundi.
- Abahlolwayo emisebenzini yangasese bavame ukusebenzisa i-Manual Diagnostic and Statistical (njenge-DSM-IV) noma i-International Statistical Classification of Diseases (njenge-ICD-10) yokuhlola ukukhubazeka kokufunda.
- Zombili izindlela ze-ICD ne-DSM zokuxilongwa zixhomeke kakhulu ekuqalisweni kochwepheshe we-evaluator, okuyinto ngokwemvelo ehluka kusuka ku-evaluator kuya kubahloli. Imigomo esebenzisa igama nokuchaza ukukhubazeka kokufunda kulezi zinhlelo zihlukile kulabo asetshenziswe kwi-IDEA ezikoleni zomphakathi.
Ngokwehlukahluka kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokuxilonga, abazali bangase bazibuze ukuthi yiziphi izinhlelo ezihamba kahle futhi ezinembile kakhulu.
Bangase bazibuze ukuthi kungcono yini ukuba bafune ukuhlolwa esikoleni noma ngomhlinzeki wangasese. Impendulo yalo mbuzo ixhomeke esimweni sakho ngasinye. Uma ufuna ukubona ukuthi ingane yakho ifaneleka yini emisebenzini ekhethekile yemfundo, kungenzeka ukuthi inzuzo yomntanakho ukufuna ukuhlolwa ngesikoleni somntanakho ngoba ungaqinisekiswa ukuthi ukuhlolwa okuzophumela kuyo kuzohlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo zesikole.
Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ukuhlolwa ngumhlinzeki wangaphandle ongumpetha endaweni yengane yakho yokukhubazeka okusolakala kunganikeza ulwazi olwengeziwe oluwusizo uma abasebenzi besikole bengenalo ubuchwepheshe endaweni yokukhathazeka.
Ukukhulumisana okungathandabuzeki, isibonelo, ukuhlola okukhethekile ukuthi ngidinga usizo lomsebenzi onguchwepheshe kule ndawo. Abazali kufanele baqaphele ukuthi izikole kumele zibheke noma yikuphi idatha ekhona yokuhlola ngaphandle kokwenza izinqumo zokufaneleka.
Lapho ukukhubazeka kokufunda kutholakala
- Ukukhubazeka kokufunda, njengoba kuchazwe ngabanye abakhubazekile ngemfundo ye-Disability Education Act (IDEA) ngeke bakwazi ukutholakala kahle kuze kube yilapho abafundi befundiswa ngokomthetho ezindaweni eziyisisekelo;
- Abaningi bezengqondo zincoma ukuthi balinde kuze kube yilapho izingane zingenani iminyaka eyisithupha ubudala ngaphambi kokuba zihlolisise u-intelligence ngezikolo zokuhlola ezingavumelekile futhi ezinokwethenjelwa; futhi
- Abafundi abavela emaqenjini amancane kanye nokuhlukahluka kwamasiko kanye nokuhlalisana kwabantu bazuza ekubeni okungenani iminyaka emibili yemfundo nokuzijabulisa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Lokhu futhi kuyisiko kubafundi bolimi lwesiNgisi. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa umphumela wemikhakha yabo yamasiko kanye nolimi ekusebenzeni kwabo kokuhlola. Izikole zizama ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abazali be-ELL abafundi bahileleke kule nqubo ngokulingana okukhulu.
Njengokuhlolwa kwe- intelligence , ukuhlolwa kokuphumelela kunokwethenjelwa ngemva kwalesi sikhathi.