Okufanele Ukwazi Ngaphambi Kwenzela Isinqumo Ukukhulula Amaqanda Akho
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kufanele yini ukufaka amaqanda akho amaqanda kuma-30s noma ama-20-afanele noma awufanele ukuze ulandele ukuba nezingane kuze kube yilapho usukhulile-kuyinkinga ephikisanayo kodwa ebalulekile emhlabeni wokuzala. Kungenzeka ukuthi uzwile ngeqanda eliqhwaqayo kusuka e-athikili yezindaba noma kumngani. Noma, kungenzeka ukuthi uye emcimbini wokukhangisa oxhaswe umtholampilo wokuzala , ohlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zeqanda kumabasha abasha, abaqeqeshiwe.
Mhlawumbe unenhlanhla ngokwanele yokusebenzela enye yezinkampani ezimbalwa enikeza ukukhethwa kweqanda lokuqanda amaqanda ezinkampanini zabo zenzuzo.
Ngenkathi i-OB / GY yakho ingakhuphula iwashi lakho lezinto eziphilayo kanye nokubaluleka kokungabambezeli ukubeletha, udokotela wakho akakwazi ukukhuluma ngokukhethwa kwamaqanda. Kunesizathu salokho. Akunjalo ngoba ukukhishwa kwamaqanda kuyisinqumo esibi, kodwa ngoba kuyinkimbinkimbi.
Uma ucabangela ukushisa kwamaqanda, kufanele wazi kahle ukuthi ukukhishwa kwamaqanda kungakwenzenjani futhi akukwazi ukukukwenza, lokho okubandakanya inqubo yokuqanda amaqanda, izinketho zakho uma ukhetha ukukhipha (noma cha); kanye nezingozi, amazinga okuphumelela, nezindleko zenqubo.
Ukuqanda amaqanda kungaba yindlela ethembisayo kwabanye, kodwa akusona isinqumo sokuthatha kalula.
Yini Eyomphakathi (noma Ekhethiwe) Iqanda Eliqabulayo?
Ukuze uqonde amaqanda omphakathi (noma okhethwayo) amaqanda, kufanele uqonde ukuguga okujwayelekile kwe-ovarian. Ingane yentombazane izalwa nayo yonke amaqanda ayoke abe nayo emaqanda ayo.
Njengoba owesifazane edala, inani lamaqanda ovary ngokwemvelo linciphisa.
Le nqubo yokuguga kwama-ovari iqala ngaphambi kokuba intombazane izalwe. I-fetus yesifazane engamaviki angu-20 inamaqanda angama-6 no-7 wezigidi emaqanda ayo. Uma leyo ntombazanyana izalwa, inani seliye seliye seliye lafinyelela ku-1 million.
Lokhu kuhluke kakhulu emadodeni, amasistimu abo okuzala (ngemuva kokushada) adala ama- cell amancane angu-250 wezigidi zansuku zonke . Ama-ovari angeke akhiqize amaqanda amasha.
(Inothi elilodwa: Ukuzala komuntu nakho kunqanda ngokukhula. Akuyona nje ngokusheshisa futhi ngokuphawulekayo njengoba kwenza abesifazane.)
Njengoba usukhulile, amaqanda ama-ovari akho ayancipha nje kuphela ngobuningi kodwa futhi ekhwalithi . Yingakho owesifazane oneminyaka engu-37 unengozi enkulu yokukhulelwa kwesisu uma kuqhathaniswa nomuntu oneminyaka engu-27 ubudala.
Ngokufanelekile, ngokubheka ngokwezinto eziphilayo, uma owesifazane efuna ukuba nezingane ezihlobene nezakhi zofuzo, kufanele aqale ukuzama ukuba nalabo bantwana ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-35. Ngisho nangcono, ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-30. Asihlali ezweni elihle. Abesifazane abaningi abakulungele, bakwazi, noma balungele ukuba nezingane ngo-30.
Lapha lapho owesifazane oneminyaka engu-30 ubudala eyazi ukuthi akafuni noma angakwazi ukuqala ukuba nezingane eminye iminyaka eyishumi, angakhetha ukuthi amanye amaqanda ayo agwetshwe .
Kamuva, lapho esekhulile, angazama ukukhulelwa ngendlela evamile . Uma ekhulelwa yedwa, mkhulu! Kodwa-ke, uma ehluleka ukukhulelwa, ingcweti yokuzala ingathatha lawo maqanda aqhwaqwe ngenkathi esemncane bese uwasebenzisa (ngethemba) amsize ukukhulelwa nge- IVF yokwelapha .
Amaqanda anamanzi azoba nekhwalithi ephakeme kunanoma yikuphi amaqanda athola iminyaka engu-10 noma ngaphezulu kamuva. Lezo amaqanda "ezincane" ezinqamule azoba amathuba okuvuthwa, okungenzeka ukuthi zikhiqize imibungu enempilo, futhi amathuba okuholela ekukhulelweni komtholampilo futhi aphile ngokuzalwa. Ngandlela-thile, kufana nokuba yi- potential donor- ekuziphatheni kwakho esikhathini esizayo. Kodwa awukwazi ukubuyela emuva kulowo mnikezeli weqanda bese uthole amaqanda amaningi uma ehamba. Unayo kuphela lokho owafisa eminyakeni edlule.
Kungani Kukhethwa I-Egg Eqanda Inketho Manje, Lapho Yingakabi Ngaphambi?
Ukukhetha "ukulondolozwa kokuzala" kuyinto entsha, kepha ukuqanda iqanda akuyona.
Iqanda eliqhwaqayo ngezizathu zezokwelapha seliye lamashumi eminyaka. Ukuzalwa kokuqala kokuzalwa okubangelwa yiqanda elidluliwe ngaphambilini lafika ngo-1986.
Kuze kube yamuva, ukuqhwaqanda kwamaqanda kwakunqunyelwe kuphela-kwezokwelapha kuphela. Izizathu zezokwelapha owesifazane angase azifake amaqanda afaka:
- Ukwelashwa kwangaphambi komdlavuza (ezinye zokwelapha umdlavuza zilimaza ama-ovari)
- Umlando womndeni noma isimo sezakhi zofuzo ezingabangela ukuhluleka kwe-ovarian ngaphambi kwesikhathi (eyaziwa nangokuthi ayinamandla okupheka ama-ovarian)
- Ngesikhathi ukwelashwa kwe-IVF evamile , uma kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isidoda sitholakali ngosuku lokubuyisela, amaqanda angase agwetshwe.
Izindlela zokuqanda zamaqanda zangaphambili aziphumelelanga kangako. Basebenzisa inqubo "yokuphuza kancane" okwakhiwa ngezinye izikhathi amakristalu eqhwa emaqanda. Amakristalu e-ice awonakalisa amaqanda futhi akwenza angabonakali. Lokhu "kwakungcono kunanoma iyiphi" kulabo abanenkinga yezokwelapha kusukela okunye okukhethwa kukho kwakungenalo ithuba futhi akukho maqanda.
Kwabe sekuthuthukiswa indlela entsha yokuqanda iqanda. Eyaziwa ngokuthi i- vitrification, le nqubo yokuqandisa okusheshayo okusheshayo ayivumeli ama-crystals e-ice akhe. Amaqanda agcinwe nge-vitrification anesilinganiso esingcono kakhulu sokusinda. Ngamanye amazwi, baningi amathuba okuthi bafinyelele inqubo yokuqhwaza, yokudonsa, nokufaka umanyolo kunamaqanda ashisa amaqanda.
Okokuqala, amaqanda ama-vitrification ayebhekwa njengokuhlola. Khona-ke, ngo-2012, i-American Society for Medicine Reproductive (ASRM) isuse ilebuli yokuhlola. Ngenkathi i-ASRM ingasikhuthazi ukumaketha kweqanda lezinyosi ngezinhloso zokubambezela ukubeletha, ukukhishwa kwelebuli yokuhlola kwaholela emitholampilo ethile yokuzala ukuze iqale ukunikeza ukukhishwa kwamaqanda akhethekayo.
Kungani Abesifazane Bakhetha Ukukhulula Amaqanda Aso Ngezizathu Ezingeyona Ezikwelapha?
Izizathu ezivame kakhulu abesifazane abakhetha ukukhetha amaqanda amaqanda okukhethayo zihlanganisa:
- Ukungatholakali umlingani ofanele (Lena isizathu esisodwa, ngokusho kocwaningo.)
- Imisebenzi noma imigomo yemfundo
- Ukuphila noma izinhlelo zokuhamba
- Izinkinga zokuziphatha ngokwemibhoshongo ekhanda (Ngamanye amazwi, unomlingani futhi angafisa imibungu, kodwa angakhethi.)
"Ngomuntu siqu nangokwengqondo, ngicabanga ukuthi ukuqanda amaqanda kuwumqondo omuhle kunoma ubani ocabanga ukuthi uzoba nezingane esikhathini esizayo kodwa okwamanje akafisi noma angakwazi ukukhulelwa manje," kuchaza uDkt. Diana Chavkin, onguchwepheshe wezokwelapha oqinisekisiwe wokuzala. ubona iziguli zokulondoloza amaqanda okuqanda / ukuzala nokuphelelwa amandla ku-HRC Inzalo eLos Angeles. UDkt. Chavkin uye wasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bakhe ukusiza ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokulondoloza ukondla ezweni lonke, futhi usize amakhulu ezinsikazi ngokusebenzisa inqubo yokuqanda iqanda kusukela ngo-2009.
"Ngomuntu siqu, ngaqiniseka udadewethu futhi wangisiza umngane wami omkhulu ukuba ashise amaqanda abo," wabelane noDkt. Chavkin. "Kuyinto into engingayenza yona. Empeleni, kwakudingeka ngenze i-IVF ukuba nginomntwana oneminyaka engu-1 ubudala, futhi ngesikhathi nginenkinga yokukhulelwa, ngifisa sengathi ngabe ngiqanda amaqanda ami eminyakeni eminingi ngaphambili. "(Qaphela ukuthi iqanda eliphumelela kakhulu Amasu okuqandisa ayengatholakali lapho uDkt. Chavkin eseneminyaka yobudala yokumisa amaqanda akhe.)
Ukulinganiselwa Kweqanda Ukuqhwaza: Ingabe Ngempela "Umshuwalense Wokuzala?"
Ngesikhathi uDkt. Chavkin ekhuthaza ukwelashwa kwamantombazane okumele abambezele ukubeletha, uyaqaphela ukuthi uchaza ukuthi iqhwa leqanda alinakukuzala ngendlela efanayo uma ngabe uzama ukukhulelwa ngokwemvelo ngenkathi ubanda amaqanda akho.
UDkt. Chavkin uthi , "I-egg eqhwayo ayikuniki amathuba afanayo njengoba ungathanda ukulala naye ngaleso sikhathi ." "Ithuba lakho elihle lokuzama ukukhulelwa lizama manje. Kodwa siyazi ukuthi kuzothuthukisa amathuba akho uma uhlela ukuba nomntwana kamuva, uma ubhalwa manje. "
Ngezinye izikhathi amaqanda amaqanda akhangiswa ngokuthi "ukuphoqa ukuzala kwakho ngesikhathi" noma okubizwa ngokuthi "uhlobo lomshuwalense wokuzala." Lokhu kuyiphutha. UDkt. Chavkin uyachaza: "Ngomshuwalense wokuphila, uma ushona, ukhokha. "Uma ufaka amaqanda akho, asikho isiqinisekiso." Yimuphi ukukhishwa kwamaqanda okwenzayo okunye okukhethwa kukho futhi kungenzeka amathuba angcono ekukhulelwe, uma ungakwazi ukukhulelwa ngamaqanda akho esikhathini esizayo.
Yiziphi Izindleko Eziphumelelayo Zamaqanda Ukuqhwaza?
Kukhona iphutha elingaqondile lokuthi iqanda eliqhwale lilingana nomjikelezo owodwa wokuya esikhathini. Ngakho-ke, ungase ucabange ukuthi ukuqhwaza amaqanda angu-12 eneminyaka engu-33 kuzokunika "ukubaluleka komnyaka wokuzala," njengokungathi wawuneminyaka engu-33 ubudala kodwa lokho akulona iqiniso.
Kunamathuba amaningi okwehluleka uma uqeda amaqanda. Ukuze uliphule phansi, iqanda kufanele:
- Sinda inqubo yokuqandisa
- Sinda inqubo yokudonsa
- Ukutshala ngempumelelo kulebhu
- Thuthuka ube umbungu onempilo ebhodini
- Ukudlulisela ngempumelelo kwisibeletho sowesifazane
- Umphumela ekukhulelweni komtholampilo (okungukuthi, ukukhulelwa kwaqinisekiswa ngenhliziyo etholakala nge-ultrasound)
- Khombisa ezinyangeni zokuzalwa ezizayo kamuva
Yiziphi izinkinga zeqanda elilodwa eliqandisiwe eliholela ekuzalweni okuphilayo? Ngokusho kocwaningo, ama-2 kuya kwangu-12 ngamaphesenti amaqanda amaqanda. Lokhu akufani nesilinganiso sokuzalwa esibukhoma ngenani lamanani amaqanda asebhange, okuphakeme. Ziziphi amathuba ukuthi amaqanda akho afriziwe azoholela kumntwana oyedwa?
Ucwaningo olulodwa lwathola ukuthi abesifazane abafisa amaqanda angu-8 noma ngaphezulu ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-35 banamathuba angu-40.8% wokuzalwa okuphilayo okuvela kulawo maqanda (mhlawumbe ngaphezu kwemizamo eminingi yokudlulisa embryo). Kulolu cwaningo, abesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-35 abaqhwa amaqanda ayisishiyagalombili banethuba lokuzalwa eliphilayo elingama-19.9%.
Yingakho kungcono ukuqhwaza amaqanda amaningana. Isiphakamiso esiphezulu ukuthi amaqanda angu-8 kuya ku-15 aqhwaqwe ngabesifazane abaneminyaka engama-35 noma abancane. Kulabo besifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-35 ubudala, isinqumo sokuthi amaqanda angamaqanda amangaki kufanele asinqunywe ngesinye isikhathi.
Kungase kudingeke uhambe ngemijikelezo embalwa ukuze uthole imali enhle ebhange. Zingaki imijikelezo ozodinga kuncike ekutheni umzimba wakho uphendukela kanjani emithini yemithi yokuzala, ubudala bakho ngesikhathi sokuqhwaza, izindawo zakho zokugcina ama-ovari, kanye nekhono lomdokotela wakho. Imijikelezo eminingi isho izindleko ezengeziwe.
Uyini Umlando Omuhle Wokuqeda Amaqanda Akho?
Ukunquma iminyaka engcono yokumisa amaqanda akho kunzima. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, omncani uma usuqanda amaqanda akho, cishe uzoba nempumelelo ngalawo maqanda. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, awuncane amathuba okuwadinga.
UDkt. Chavkin uyachaza: "Ufuna ukuthola indawo enhle. "Awufuni ukuba bonke laba besifazane bahambe kuzo zonke lezi zinqubo, bese ungawasebenzisi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, awufuni ukulinda kuze kube yilapho owesifazane ekhulile, oneminyaka engama-40 ubudala , futhi ufuna sebenzisa amaqanda ayo, kodwa awunalo ithuba elihle lokuthola inani eliningi noma izinga lamaqanda. "
Uma ubheka leyo ndawo enhle, cishe kuya ekuqaleni kuya phakathi no-30. Qaphela ukuthi phakathi naphakathi kwebanga lesithathu, kukhona ithuba ozodinga imijikelezo eminingi ukuze uthole inani elihle lamaqanda ukuze uhlasele. Lokhu kusho izindleko eziphakeme nokutholakala okwengeziwe kwezidakamizwa zokuzala .
Ingabe Kungakapheli Kakhulu Ukukhipha amaqanda akho?
Okudala, amaqanda atholakala kancane azoba nekhwalithi ephakeme eyoholela ekuzalweni okuphumelelayo. Kungase kube nzima ukuthola amaqanda okwanele (noma noma yikuphi) ukufisa. Izindawo eziningi zokuqanda amaqanda zinama-age cutoffs endaweni ethile phakathi kweminyaka engama-40 no-45. Lokho kusho ukuthi ingxenye yeqanda eliqanda amaqanda i-ovarian reserve testing. Lokhu kwenziwa ngaphambi kwesinqumo sokufometha.
UDkt. Chavkin uthi: "Owesifazane otholakala ukuthi utholakale ukuthi unesitoreji esincane se-ovarian angakhetha ukungaqhubeki neqanda ngemuva kokufunda ukuthi ithuba lokuthola amaqanda aphilile liphansi kakhulu," kusho uDkt. Chavkin. "[Nokho,] owesifazane osekhulile, ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engama-30 / ekuqaleni kwawo-40, angase agcwalise amaqanda akhe, kodwa kungathatha imijikelezo eminingi yokuvuselela ukuthola inombolo efanayo yamaqanda njengowesifazane osemncane."
Yini Engabandakanyeka Ekukhuculeni Amaqanda Akho?
Iqanda lokuqandisa akuyona umcimbi wezinsuku ezingu-1 noma ngisho nesonto elilodwa. Kubalulekile ukuthi uqonde konke okuhilelekile ngaphambi kokuba unqume ukuhamba ngenqubo yokuqandisa iqanda . Nansi isifinyeto esifushane salokho okumele ulindele:
- Ukuqokwa kwama-aphoyintimenti, mhlawumbe abambalwa, nodokotela, ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo
- Ukuhlolwa okuningana kokuzala , umsebenzi wegazi kanye ne-ultrasound ukuhlola izindawo zakho zokugcina ama-ovari nezinye izici zokuzala. I- ultrasounds izobe ihamba phambili, engeyona ebuhlungu kepha ingenakukhathazeka.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-STD / STI: Awukwazi ukumisa amaqanda akho uma unesifo esithathelwanayo ngokocansi, kodwa ngemuva kokuphathwa kwe-STD, ungaqhubeka.
- Izilonda zamasonto amabili kuya kwezingu-3, ngokuvamile ziphakathi kwe-injection eyodwa neyodwa nsuku zonke, ozozinikela kuzo izicubu ezinamafutha esiswini sakho
- Phakathi nale nkathi yeviki 2 kuya kwezingu-3, uzoba nokuqokwa kwamakhomishana ayisihlanu nesikhombisa, okuzobandakanya umsebenzi wegazi kanye nama-ultrasound (ex. Ukubuka ukukhula kwe- follicle kuma-ovari).
- Ukubuyiswa kwamaqanda, okubandakanya ukufakwa phansi. Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa inaliti eqondiswa yi-ultrasound, eyophuma edongeni lakho lesiswini kuze kube amaqanda akho, lapho amaqanda azobanjwa khona.
Iqanda elibuyiselwa ngesikhathi sokuqanda amaqanda lizofika ngokushesha kubhokisini le-embryology futhi liphinde likhishwe. Bese, bayongena esitoreji. Amaqanda angabiwa iqhwa kuze kube nini nanini, nakuba uzodinga ukukhokha imali yokugcina ngonyaka. Esikhathini esizayo, uma unquma ukuba nezingane, uzokuqala uzame ukukhulelwa ngokocansi. Ngithemba, ngeke neze udinga ukusebenzisa amaqanda akho aseqanda ngaphambilini.
Amaqanda asinda enkambeni yokuqothula ayokwenziwa umquba nesidoda somlingani wakho (noma umdlwane wesinikelo). Uma ucabanga ukuthi uthola imibungu enempilo, eyodwa kuya kweyodwa kulawo mbungu izodluliselwa esibelethweni sakho nge-catheter.
Mhlawumbe uzothatha ama-hormone-angathathwa ngomlomo, ngomjovo, noma e-suppositories-ngaphambi nangemva kokudluliswa kombungu.
Yiziphi izindleko ze-egg eziqhwayisayo?
Akubandakanyi ingxenye yokudlulisa emathunjini kuya embryo, umjikelezo owodwa wokuqanda amaqanda ubiza cishe phakathi kuka-R7 000 no-15 000. Izimali zokugcina ngonyaka zigijima phakathi kuka- $ 500 no-1 000 ngonyaka.
Ungadinga imijikelezo eminingi, ikakhulukazi uma uneminyaka engu-35 noma ngaphezulu uma ukhetha ukukhipha. Imijikelezo eyengeziwe ingase isetshenziswe, kuye ngokuthi inqubomgomo yomtholampilo. Izindleko zingaphulwa zibe izingxenye ezinhlanu:
- Ukuhlolwa kokubeletha nokubonisana kokuqala (okunye kokuhlolwa kungase kuhlanganiswe)
- Ukuqapha kwe-ultrasound nokusebenza kwegazi, ukubuyisa amaqanda, kanye nokwenziwa kwangempela kwamaqanda
- Izidakamizwa zokuzala (imijovo) ezithathwe phakathi nomjikelezo weqanda
- Imali yokugcina yonyaka
- Ukudluliswa kwamathambo, ukufaka umanyolo, nokudluliswa kombungu (ngosuku oluzayo, uma / uma unquma ukusebenzisa amaqanda akho aseqhwa)
Uma utshele ukuthi umjikelezo weqanda eliqanda amaqanda uzobiza okungaphansi kwamaRandi angu-7,000, uqinisekise ukuthi intengo ihlanganisa konke okudingayo-kuhlanganise nemithi yokuzala. Lokhu kungenxa yokufisa amaqanda akho. Kamuva, uma unquma ukusebenzisa amaqanda akho acwecwe, lindele ukukhokha enye imali engu-$ 5,000.
Ukubeka konke okubhekayo, ngezindleko ezongezwe, uma umjikelezo wokuqanda amaqanda kuqala u-$ 12,000, futhi ukhokhela u-$ 900 ngonyaka ukuze ugcinwe iminyaka eminye, futhi bese usebenzisa lawo maqanda ngo-$ 5,000, imali yakho yonke $ 21,500. Lokhu kucabanga ukuthi udinga kuphela umjikelezo owodwa wokuqanda amaqanda kanye nomjikelezo owodwa-wokukhulelwa-umbungu wokudlulisa.
Ukuqhathanisa lokhu kuya ezindlekweni ezibhekene nabashadile abangenasibindi benza i- IVF, izindleko ezingaphandle kwezindleko zilinganiselwa ku-19,234 emjikelezweni owodwa, ngomjikelezo ngamunye owengeziwe omunye u-$ 6,955. Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-35, ngenxa yokunciphisa ukuzala, kungenzeka ukuthi uzodinga imijikelezo embalwa ye-IVF ukuze uphumelele. (Uma unamaqanda aseqanda ngaphambilini kusukela lapho usencane, ungase ube nempumelelo ye-IVF ngokushesha.)
Ukuqanda amaqanda okhethwayo akuvamile ukumbozwa umshuwalense wezempilo. Kunezinkampani ezimbalwa zezinkampani ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezihlinzeka ngamaqanda ezinqamule ezinkampanini zabo, kodwa lokhu akuvamile.
Ingabe I-Egg Ishayela Ngokuphephile?
Kunezinye izingozi ezaziwa futhi ezingaziwa zokuqanda iqhwa. Izingozi zifana nalezo zibhangqwana ezingenabuhlungu lapho zibhekana nokuphathwa kwe-IVF nabesifazane ababa ngama- egg donors .
Asikwazi ukwazi zonke izingozi zesikhathi eside ukuze iqhwa iqhwa ngoba alikafundiwe. Ubuchwepheshe abuzange bube khona isikhathi eside ngokwanele. Kunezifundo ezimbalwa (ezingenayo) eziphathelene nabesifazane abanokuzala okuhle abaye bakhetha ukubandlulisa amaqanda abo isikhathi eside kanye nezifundo ezimbalwa ezinganeni ezikhulelwe ngamaqanda asezindaweni zangaphambili.
Yilokho esikwaziyo: I-egg yokuqandisa ayibonakali engozini yokugula izifo zokubeletha.
Ekuhlolisweni kwezingane ezingu-936 ezikhulelwe kusukela kumaqanda aphethwe ngaphambili, izinga lokukhubazeka kwezakhi zofuzo litholakala ukuthi lifana nengozi yomphakathi jikelele. Lolu cwaningo lwaluhlanganisa nezingane ezikhulelwe zombili ngamaqanda ezikhungethwe ngezindlela ezihamba kancane, ezindala zokuqanda amaqanda kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha, ubuchwepheshe be-vitrification.
Asazi ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwengane noma impilo emdala kamva kuyathinteka yini ngokukhishwa kwamaqanda. Isikhathi esiningi nezifundo ziyadingeka.
Ngesikhathi esifushane, abesifazane abanquma ukuqeda amaqanda abo bangathola imiphumela emibi yemithi yokuzala . Kuncike ekusebenziseni imithi yokuzala, imiphumela emibi ingase ihlanganise ukushisa okushisayo, ikhanda, ukuguquka kwemizwelo, ukuvinjelwa, ukunxanxathela, ukuzuza isisindo, ukufisa isifuba, ukukhomba, nokufaka umjovo wesayithi.
Abesifazane abasebenzisa izidakamizwa zokuzala bayengozini yokuthuthukisa i- ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) . Lokhu kwenzeka kumuntu oyedwa kwabangu-10 abasebenzisa izidakamizwa zokuzala ezingenakulungiswa. Kwabesifazane abaningi, i-OHSS ayinandaba neze. Kodwa-ke, kwesokunxele kungalashwa, kungaba yingozi kakhulu. Amacala amakhulu angadinga ukunakekelwa esibhedlela, futhi ngaphansi kwamaphesenti angama-1 amacala, ukulahleka kokuzala noma ngisho nokufa kungenzeka.
Ukubuyiswa kwamaqanda (okufaka phakathi ukubeka inaliti eqondiswa yi-ultrasound ngaphakathi kodonga lwangasese, kuze kufike kuma-ovari) kungabangela ukuphazamiseka, ukuphawula, nokungahambi kahle. Uyadluliselwa ngenqubo. (Kukhona izingozi ekudleni nase-anesthesia jikelele.)
Kunengozi encane yokutheleleka nokugqunywa kwezitho eziseduze. Ukutheleleka kwakuzophathwa nge-antibiotics. Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, ukutheleleka kungaholela ekususweni okukhipha ama-ovari noma ama-tublopian tubes. Ukukhishwa ngengozi kwezitho eziseduze kudinga ukuhlinzwa okuphuthumayo futhi kungadinga ukumpontshelwa igazi uma kukhona ukulahlekelwa igazi okukhulu.
Uma uthatha isinqumo sokusebenzisa amaqanda aphethwe yi-cryopreserved esikhathini esizayo, kunengozi encane ngesikhathi ukudluliswa kwe-embryo yokutheleleka. Uma kune-embryo engaphezu kweyodwa idluliselwa, kunengozi yokukhulelwa nokuzalwa okuningi .
Izingozi zesikhathi eside zemithi yokuzala emadodeni asakhulayo aziwa kahle. Kube khona ukukhathazeka ukuthi kungandisa ukwanele kwamanye amagciwane , kodwa okwamanje, ucwaningo alukwazi ukusho ngendlela ethile.
"Kuyiqiniso ukuthi phakathi nesikhathi sokugqugquzela, amazinga e-estrogen [awesifazane] aphezulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke siyazi ukuthi kunamaseli angaphansi komdlavuza wesifuba, izidakamizwa zokuzala zikhulisa amazinga e-estrogen, okungawenza kube phambili," kuchaza uDkt. Chavkin. . Kodwa, kulokho esikwaziyo manje, izidakamizwa zokuzala azibangeli umdlavuza uma kungenasici ngemuva.
Kuzoba neminye iminyaka engu-10 kuya kwengu-15 ngaphambi kokuba sifunde ngempela umthelela wesikhathi eside wezidakamizwa zokuzala kubantu besifazane abasha, abakhulayo abakhetha ukubandisa amaqanda abo. UDkt. Chavkin unikeza lesi siqiniseko: "Imithi ayihlali emzimbeni wesifazane. Banikezwa isikhathi esifushane kakhulu, futhi uma beka, abahlali. Azikho amazinga wesikhathi eside ahlala emzimbeni. "
Yiziphi Izimpikiswano Ebhekene Namaqhwa?
Nakuba abanye bakholelwa ukuthi i-egg-frozenzing inikeza ithuba elihle kubantu abanesidingo noma abafuna ukulibala ukubeletha, akubona wonke umuntu ovuma ukuthi ubuchwepheshe kufanele busetshenziswe ngokucophelela.
"Ngenxa yokudinga ulwazi mayelana nezingozi, ngingaba nesikhathi esinzima ukululeka noma ubani ukuba afake amaqanda ayo mahhala ngenxa yezizathu ezingezona ezokwelapha," kusho uDkt. Marcy Darnovsky, uMqondisi Ophakeme e-Centre for Genetics and Society. Isikhungo se-Genetics and Society yinhlangano yobulungiswa bezenhlalakahle yaseBerkeley, yaseCalifornia esebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bokuzala bokusiza buzuzisa okuhle.
Uma ecela iseluleko sakhe kumfazi ofuna ukubandlulisa amaqanda, uDkt Darnovsky unalo lokhu okushoyo: "Ngingamcebisa kuqala ukuba aqaphele ngokucophelela izingozi: izingozi zesikhathi esifushane nezesikhathi eside zeqanda elizibuyisela kuye ; kanye nalabo beqanda lokuqanda iqanda emntwaneni wakhe ongase abe khona esikhathini esizayo.
"Ngeke kube lula ukukwenza, ngoba kukhona idatha encane kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kulezi zinsuku ezimbili zokugcina-naphezu kokuthi abesifazane [ama-egg donors] bebelokhu behlushwa amaqanda amashumi eminyaka."
Ezinye izimpikiswano ngokumelene namaqanda okhethisa amaqanda zihlanganisa:
- Izindleko eziphakeme kakhulu, ngenqubo ongase ungayidingi ekugcineni
- Amanani okuphumelela awaphezulu.
- Inganikeza umqondo wamanga wokuphepha. (Akukho okuqinisekisayo ukuthi amaqanda akho aphethwe yi-cryopreserved azokuthola umntwana.)
- Izinto zangempela zokubeletha kamuva ekuphileni kufanele zicatshangelwe.
Izwi elivela ku-Verywell
Ukuqanda amaqanda okhethisayo kunika abesifazane abadinga ukubambezeleka ukubeletha enye indlela. Ngenkathi ubuchwepheshe bungabhubhisi izinto zangempela zesikhathi, futhi akuqinisekisi ukuthi ingane izokwenzeka esikhathini esizayo, kuthuthukisa izinkinga zokukhulelwa uma kuqhathaniswa nokungathathi isinyathelo kulabo abafuna ukuba nengane ekupheleni kweminyaka engu-30 noma engu-40.
Iqanda lokuqanda ngokuvamile liphephile, kodwa njengalokhu kuzo zonke izinqubo zokwelapha, kunezingozi nezinye izinto ezingaziwa isikhathi eside. Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, amaqanda okhethisa amaqanda angaholela ekulahlekelweni kokuzala noma ngisho nasekufeni. Lezi zifana nezingozi zeziguli ze-IVF kanye nama- egg donors abhekene nazo.
Ngaphambi kokuba unqume ukukhipha amaqanda akho amaqanda, thatha isikhathi sakho ukucwaninga ngokugcwele izinketho zakho. Khumbula ukuthi uma ungafaki amaqanda akho, unayo eminye imigwaqo ekhona ekubhekeleni abazali. Ungakhulelwa ngokwakho esikhathini esizayo.
Uma ubhekene nokungabi nabantwana, ungaphishekela imithi yokwelapha ngaleso sikhathi, kuhlanganise ne-IVF. Kungase kudingeke usebenzise i-egg donor, noma ungase ucabange ukhetha umnikezeli wombungu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane yakho ayengeke ihlotshwe ngokofuzo, kepha kungenzeka isengokwemvelo ngokuphathelene nomlingani wakho (uma usebenzisa umxhasi weqanda nensimu yakhe). Ukwamukelwa, ukunakekelwa kokubeletha kwabazali, noma abantwana abangenayo ingane nakho nakho.
> Imithombo:
> Chavkin, u-Diana E. MD. Ubuhlobo be-HRC eLos Angeles. Ukuxoxisana ngoJulayi 17, 18, no-19, 2017.
> Cobo A1, García-Velasco JA2, Coello A3, Domingo J4, uPellicer A5, Remohí J3. "I-vitrification yama-oocyte njengendlela ephumelelayo yokulondolozwa kokuzala okunomsoco ." UFertil Steril . 2016 Mar; 105 (3): 755-64.e8. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.fertnstert.2015.11.027. I-Epub 2015 Dec 10.
> Darnovsky, uMarcy Ph.D. Umqondisi Omkhulu eSikhungo Sezobuchwepheshe NezeNhlangano. Ingxoxo: NgoJulayi 13 no-14, 2017.
> Doyle JO1, Richter KS2, Lim J2, Stillman RJ2, Graham JR2, Tucker MJ2. "Ukuphumelela kokukhetha nokwelapha kubonisa ukuthi i-vitrification yama-oocyte nokufudumala kwe-autologous in vitro fertilization, ngokubikezelwa kokuzalwa kokubeletha kokubeletha ngokwezinombolo zama-oocyte nama-cryopreserved ekubuyiseleni. "Fertil Steril. 2016 Feb; 105 (2): 459-66.e2. doi: 10.1016 / j.fertnstert.2015.10.026. Epub 2015 Nov 18.
> Mesen TB1, Mersereau JE2, Kane JB3, Steiner AZ2. "Isikhathi esiphezulu sokuqanda amaqanda okhethisayo. "Fertil Steril. 2015 Jun; 103 (6): 1551-6.e1-4. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.fertnstert.2015.03.002. Epub 2015 Apr 14.
> I-oocyte ekhudlwana i-cryopreservation: isiqondiso. Amakomidi Okuzivocavoca aseMelika Society for Medicine Reproductive kanye neNhlangano Yezobuchwepheshe Ezizalelwa Ngokuzala.
> Noyes N1, Porcu E, Borini A. "Izinsana ezingaphezu kuka-900 ze-oocyte cryopreservation ezalwa ngokungenakubonakala okwenyuka kwe-anomalies yokuzalwa. "Ukuhlambalazwa Okunezintambo Oku-inthanethi. 2009 Jun; 18 (6): 769-76.