Ukubaluleka kokucindezeleka kokukhulelwa
Nakuba iningi lokukhulelwa alikho izinkinga ezinkulu, lonke uhlelo lokunakekelwa kokubeletha lusetshenziselwe ukuhlola izixazululo ezingase zibe khona kanye nokusiza ukuvimbela lezo ezingagwenywa. Ngezichungechunge zokuhlola kokubeletha- ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwegazi, umchamo, igazi, nesisindo; ukulinganisa i-fundus yakho (esibelethweni esiphezulu); kanye nezinye izinto ezihlukahlukene-udokotela wakho uzama ukugcina wena nomntanakho uphilile, ukuze ukwazi ukukhulelwa nokuphepha okuphephile.
Lezi zincwadi ziphinde zisize ukuthi umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzothola futhi aphathe izinkinga zokukhulelwa okungenzeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ngaphambi kokuba zibe nezinkinga ezinkulu.
Kunezinkinga ezithile zokukhulelwa ezivame kakhulu kunezinye. Nakuba zingase zithinte kuphela amaphesenti amancane abesifazane abakhulelwe, zingaba buhlungu futhi zibe yingozi kubo bobabili umama kanye / noma umntwana.
Nasi uhlu lokuqala lwezinkinga ongahlola ngazo ngokukhulelwa okujwayelekile.
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I-Genital Warts nokukhulelwa
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Ukuphepha Kwesifo sohudo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nendlela yokubhekana nayo
Kodwa-ke, wazi ukuthi udokotela noma umbelethisi wakho uphinde abe ngumuntu ngalolu hlu kuwe ngokusekelwe emlandweni wakho wezokwelapha nomndeni ukukunikeza ukunakekelwa okungcono kunokwenzeka.
Rh Factor
Wonke umuntu unomhlobo weqembu legazi kanye neR Rh factor. Ngaphezu kweqembu legazi (A, B, O, AB), i-Rh factor ibhalwe njengento enhle (okwamanje) noma engekho (engekho). Iningi labantu (amaphesenti angu-85) lingamaR Rh. Lesi sici asithinti impilo yakho futhi ayibalulekile-ngaphandle uma ukhulelwe.
Owesifazane okhulelwe usemngciphekweni uma ene-Rh factor futhi umlingani wakhe une-Rh factor enhle. Le nhlanganisela ingaveza ingane enhle i-Rh.
Uma umama kanye nengane yokuxuba igazi, lokhu kungabangela umama ukuba akhe ama-antibodies ngokumelene neR Rh factor, ngaleyo ndlela aphathe ingane njengesiyingi emzimbeni wakhe. Ngokuvamile igazi elivela kumama nengane alifani; kunezikhathi ezithile lapho kunethuba elincane, njengokuzalwa, ezinye izivivinyo zangaphambi kokubeletha (njenge-amniocentesis), noma emva kokukhulelwa kwesisu. Isidakamizwa i-RhoGAM inikezwa ukusiza ukuvimbela lokhu kuzwela.
Uma wena nomlingani wakho bobabili ninguRh negative, lokhu akuyona into ezoba yinkinga ekukhupheni kwakho. Ungakhathazeki uma ungazi uhlobo lwakho lwegazi. Lokhu kuyinto eyohlolwa ekuqaleni kokunakekelwa kokubeletha kwakho.
Isifo sikashukela sofuzo
Isifo sikashukela sofuzo (GD) ishukela ephezulu yegazi (amazinga e-glucose) ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa; cishe amaphesenti angu-4 abesifazane abakhulelwe bakhula. Iningi lomama kuzodingeka lihlolwe besebenzisa umsebenzi wegazi, okuyinto eyenzekayo ngempelasonto engamashumi amabili nesishiyagalombili wokukhulelwa . Uma udinga ukuhlolwa okungeziwe ngokuhlolwa kwe- glucose ukubekezelelana (GTT) , kuzokwenziwa kuleli phuzu.
Uma unayo i-GD, umsebenzi wakho ungase ukhishwe njengoba usondela eduze kwamasonto angu - 40 .
Kuzodingeka uqaphele ushukela wakho wegazi kusukela ekugcineni ukuxilongwa kwakho kuze kube sekupheleni kokukhulelwa kwakho uma unesifo sikashukela sokugaya, kanti udokotela wakho uzokufundisa ukuthi uzokwenza nini futhi nini. Ukudla nokuzivocavoca kuyoba izingxenye eziyinhloko zesasu lakho lokulawula ushukela egazini. Imithi isetshenziswa kuphela uma ukudla nokuzivocavoca kungasebenzi. Ngokujwayelekile uzothola isondlo sokudla ukuze uthole usizo ngale nqubo, ngaphezu kwesevisi yakho yezempilo.
Preeclampsia
I-Preeclampsia, noma ukukhulelwa komfutho wegazi (PIH), i-high blood pressure disorder of pregnancy. Sekuyisikhathi eside sesinye sezixazululo ezinkulu kumama ekukhulelwe, futhi kuthinta amaphesenti angu-7 omama bokuqala. Imisebenzi ingase isetshenziswe kusenesikhathi uma uhlushwa yi-PIH enzima.
Ngokweziqondiso ezishiwo yi-American College of Obstetricians kanye namaGynecologists, ukuxilongwa kwe-preeclampsia akudingi ukutholakala kwamazinga aphezulu amaprotheni emcimbini (proteinuria), njengoba okwenzeke ngaphambili.
Ubufakazi bubonisa ukuthi izinkinga ezihlobene nezinso nesibindi zingenzeka ngaphandle kwempawu zamaprotheni, nokuthi inani lamaprotheni emcimbini alisho ukuthi lesi sifo sizoqhubeka kanjani.
I-preeclampsia manje ifaneleke ukuthi ihlolwe ngokucindezela kwegazi eliphezulu okuqhubekayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwesikhathi esithinta amaprotheni amaningi emcimbini noma ukuthuthukiswa okusha kwamaplatelet wegazi, ukwehlukana nezinso noma isibindi, uketshezi amaphaphu, noma izimpawu zenkathazo yobuchopho ezifana nokuhlukunyezwa kanye / noma ukuphazanyiswa okubukwayo.
Uma sicabangela ukutholakala okungenzeka okule nkinga, ihlolwe kusukela ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa. Ekuqaleni kubonakala, kuyinto enzima kakhulu. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ukucindezeleka kwegazi kanye nezinye izimpawu nezimpawu zokunquma ukuthi uzokubonisa isikhathi eside kangakanani ukuvumela ukukhulelwa kwakho kuqhubeke. Kusobala ukuthi isifiso sokuthi uthwale ingane yakho ngokuseduze nesikhathi ngangokunokwenzeka futhi uvikele impilo yakho, ngakho-ke ibhalansi elihle okufanele lihlatshwe, elihlukile kubo bonke abesifazane abakhulelwe.
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Umhlahlandlela Owusizo Wokunciphisa Ekukhulelweni Okuqala
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Ungakwazi Ukufaka Isisu Esithombeni Sakho Ukuthatha Isisu?
I-Placenta Previa
I-Placenta previa yilapho zonke noma ingxenye ye- placenta ihlanganisa umlomo wesibeletho noma ukuvulwa kwesibeletho. I-placenta previa yeqiniso yenzeka cishe ku-200 kokukhulelwa. Izikhathi eziningi i- ultrasound ekuqaleni iveza i-placenta previa, kodwa isimo sizixazulula kamuva ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba isibeletho sikhula. Uma ngabe le nkinga isabonakala ekupheleni kokukhulelwa, isigaba seCesarean singenziwa ukuze sigweme ukuphuma kwegazi ngesikhathi sokuzalwa.
Iningi labesifazane ngeke babe nezibonakaliso noma izimpawu ze-placenta previa, nakuba abanye omama bangase bachithe igazi. Yingakho kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho uma ubhekana nanoma yiliphi izinga lokugaya ngesikhathi ukhulelwe.
I-Oligohydramnios (I-Low Amniotic Fluid Volume)
I-Oligohydramnios , noma i-amniotic fluid ephansi, itholakala nge-ultrasound, kodwa leyo-ultrasound ingahle ilandiswe ngemuva kokuba udokotela wakho aqaphele umehluko ekukhuleni kwesibeletho sakho ngokulinganisa okwenziwe ekuvakasheni kwakho kokubeletha. Kukhona okunye okubonisa ukuthi amniotic amazinga amanzi abila njengoba isikhathi sokuzalwa siseduze. Izisebenzi eziningi zizokuphuza iziphuzo (ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umthamo ophansi awukona ngenxa ye-hydration engafanele) futhi ubuyekeze nge- ultrasound ngaphambi kokuthuthela ekukhulumeni mayelana nokukhishwa kwemisebenzi noma ezinye izindlela zokungenelela .
I-Polyhydramnios (I-High Amniotic Fluid Volume)
I-Polyhydramnios ihlukile kwe-oligohydramnios, okusho ukuthi kuba khona kwamanzi amniotic ngokweqile. Lokhu kwenzeka ngaphansi kwamaphesenti okukhulelwa konke.
Nakuba abanye benomuzwa wokuthi i-polyhydramnios iyimbangela yokusebenza kwangaphambi kokubeletha ngenxa ye-uterine distension, i-high amniotic fluid ngaphakathi futhi ngokwayo ingumqondo onjalo. Esikhundleni salokho, kungase kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ngabe ukukhulelwa kuzoya esikhathini noma cha.
I-Polyhydramnios cishe kungenzeka uma:
- Kunesisu esiningi
- Kukhona isifo sikashukela somama
- Kukhona ukungalungi okubeletha noma ukukhubazeka okuthile kokuzalwa
Ngenkathi abanye abasebenzi bezama ukukhipha ezinye izikhukhula ezivela esibelethweni ngokusebenzisa inaliti, lokhu ngokuvamile akuyona isisombululo sesikhathi eside, njengoba uketshezi lubeka esikhundleni. Lokhu kungasho ukuthi akukho okwenziwe okuningi ukuphatha lolu daba ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Njengoba i-polyhydramnios ingandisa ingozi yento efana nekhanda eliqhamuka lapho amanzi ephuka ngesikhathi sokubeletha, uzobe uhlolwe uma kuqala ukubeletha.
I-Breech nezinye Izinsolo
Izinsana ze-Breech azikho endaweni ejwayelekile yekhanda eliphansi. Lokhu kwenzeka cishe ngamaphesenti amathathu kuya ku-4 amaphesenti azo zonke ukuzalwa ekupheleni kokukhulelwa. Amantombazane avame ukufaka amacala ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi:
- Izimo eziphuthumayo zozalo
- Izinkinga ze-Fetal
- Iziqu eziningi
- Ezinye izimo
Kukhona futhi indawo eyaziwa ngokuthi amanga ahamba phambili , okusho ukuthi umntwana ulele eceleni kwesibeletho. Njengoba kungaba nzima ukubeletha ngale ndlela, udokotela wakho angenza inguqulo yangaphandle , lapho ingane iphendukile ngaphandle, noma uncoma ukuthi unesigaba seCesarean . Kukhona nabanye odokotela abazokwenza izibeletho zokubeletha ezibelethweni zabesifazane nabantwana abathile kwezinye izikhundla ze-breech.
Umsebenzi wokuqala
Ukuqala komsebenzi kuyinkimbinkimbi enkulu yokukhulelwa. Ukutholakala kokuqala kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi, mhlawumbe kukuvumela ukuba uthwale ukukhulelwa kwakho isikhathi, noma unike ingane yakho ithuba elingcono lokusinda. Kunezizathu eziningi zokuqashwa kwabasebenzi bokuqala okubandakanya ukutheleleka, izinkinga zesisu, izinsana eziningi, nesifo sobele. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungani imbangela yomsebenzi wokuqala , kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi izibonakaliso zini ukuze uthole ukunakekelwa okusheshayo.
Kufanele ushayele udokotela noma umbelethisi wakho uma unesinye sezibonakaliso ezilandelayo zomsebenzi wokuqala :
- Ukuhlukaniswa noma ukuchoboza
- Ukusuka okubomvu okukhanyayo
- Ukuvuvukala noma ukukhukhuma kobuso noma izandla
- Ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuchama
- Ukuhlunguphaza noma ubuhlungu obude esiswini sakho
- Ukuhlanza okunamandla noma okuqhubekayo
- Ukuqubuka okungazelelwe kwamanzi, amanzi amanzi
- I-Backache
- Ukucindezela okukhulu komzimba
Kungase kube nezinye izibonakaliso ochwepheshe wakho akutshela ukuthi uzibheke; qiniseka ukushayela uma ukhathazekile. Uma ungeke ukwazi ukuthola udokotela wakho, ungase ufune ukunakekelwa emnyangweni ophuthumayo.
Incompetent Cervix
Umlomo wesibeletho ongenakukwazi ukuyihlolela umlomo wesibeletho obuthakathaka kakhulu ukuhlala uvaliwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, okuholela ekubelethweni kwangaphambi kokubeletha kanye nokulahlekelwa kwengane (ngenxa yokunciphisa ubude bomzimba). Kukholelwa ukuthi ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwesibeletho kuyimbangela yamaphesenti angu-20 kuya ku-25 amaphesenti kuwo wonke ama-trimester okulahlekelwa yi-second. Le nkinga ivame ukubonakala ekuqaleni kwe-trimester yesibili, kodwa ingathathwa ngemuva kwesikhathi sokuqala kwe- trimester yesithathu . Ukuxilongwa kungenziwa ngesandla noma nge-ultrasonography.
Uma Inkinga Isolakala
Uma wena noma udokotela wakho ucabanga ukuthi kunenkinga, ingxoxo mayelana nokuhlelwa kwesenzo ihlelekile. Lokhu kungaholela ekuvivinyweni okukhethekile ngesimo sakho esithile noma esicatshangelwe . Kungase kuhlanganise nokulinda okulindile. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungase kube nzima kakhulu. Yebo, ufuna ukwenza okuthile-kodwa lokho kungase kungabi kangcono ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi, inkinga okusola noma yokuqinisekiswa izovame ukubandakanya ukuvakashelwa kokunakekelwa kokubeletha kaningi .
Kwenzekani Uma Unenkinga
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukunakekelwa okuhle kokubeletha, izinkinga eziningi zingavinjelwa, zibonwe kusenesikhathi, futhi / noma ziphathwe ngempumelelo. Abanye badinga ukunakekelwa okungeziwe ngesikhathi noma emva kokukhulelwa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi nakusasa lakho, kuyilapho abanye bengakwenzi. Ngemuva kokuba ingane yakho izalwa, kungcono ukuhlela isikhathi sokukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuhlela enye ukukhulelwa ukuze ubone ukuthi yini engenziwa ngaphambi kokukhulelwa ukusiza ukunciphisa ingozi yokuphindaphinda kokucindezeleka noma ukuyilawula ngaphambili.
Ochwepheshe bezingozi eziphezulu
Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ukuhlukumeza kwakho kungekho okuvamile noma okunamandla okwanele ukuba kubhalwe ukuthi ukhulelwe kakhulu , ungadinga izinga eliphezulu lokunakekelwa. Uma usebenza nombelethisi, lokhu kungase kusho ukusebenzisana nodokotela noma mhlawumbe nokudlulisela ukunakekela kwakho kudokotela ngokuphelele. Uma ubona i-OB / GYN, ungase uvuselele isidingo sokudlulisela ukunakekelwa kwakho engcweti eyingozi kakhulu eyaziwa ngokuthi isazi se- fetus (MFM) .
> Imithombo:
> I-American Diabetes Association (ADA). Ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Novemba 2013.
> Duley L, i-Henderson-Smart DJ, i-Walker GJA. Ukungenelela ekwelapheni i-pre-eclampsia nemiphumela yayo: i-generic protocol (Protocol). Database Cochrane Yokuhlolwa Okuhlelekile 2009, Issue 2. Art. Inombolo: CD007756. I-DOI: 10.1002 / 14651858.CD007756.
> Nabhan AF, u-Abdelmoula YA. I-amniotic fluid index ehambisana nesikhwama esisodwa esijulile njengesivivinyo sokuhlola ukuvimbela umphumela wokukhulelwa okubi. Database Cochrane Yokuhlolwa Okuhlelekile 2008, Issue 3. Art. Cha: CD006593. I-DOI: 10.1002 / 14651858.CD006593.pub2
> Neilson JP. Ukungenelela kokusolakala kwe-placenta previa. Database Cochrane Yokuhlolwa Okuhlelekile 2000, Issue 1. Art. Inombolo: CD001998. I-DOI: 10.1002 / 14651858.CD001998
> Novikova N, uCluver C, uKoopmans CM. Ukulethwa ngokuhambisana nokuphathwa okulindelekile kwezifo ezibangelwa yi-hypertensive kusukela emavikini angu-34 ukuya kwesigamu (Protocol). Database Cochrane Yokuhlolwa Okuhlelekile 2011, Issue 8. Art. Inombolo: CD009273. I-DOI: 10.1002 / 14651858.CD009273.
> Izibilini: Ukulungiswa Okujwayelekile Nezinkinga. IGabbe, S, Niebyl, J, Simpson, JL. Edition Sixth.