Izinhlobo, Ukuphepha, nezincomo
Umkhuhlane, noma umkhuhlane, ukutheleleka ngegciwane okungabangela ukugula okukhulu noma ngisho nokufa. Ukhuhlane luyingozi kakhulu kubantu abadala (abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65) kanye nezingane ezincane (ezingaphansi kweminyaka emihlanu). Leli gciwane lithathelwana, futhi lisakazeka kusuka komuntu oyedwa kuya komunye ngamaconsi afinyelela emoyeni bese efaka ezindaweni ozithintayo. Ukuze ugweme ukusakazwa kobhejane, zama ukugwema abantu abakhwehlelayo futhi bakhononda, futhi ugeze izandla zakho kaningi.
I-Vaccine Vaccine
Umuthi wokugoma umjovo (ukudubula) noma ukuphambuka kwesikhumba okungakusiza ukuba ugweme ukuthola umkhuhlane. Ukugoma komkhuhlane kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukusabalala komkhuhlane emphakathini wakho. Njengoba izinhlobo ze-virus esebenzayo ingashintsha ngonyaka, umgomo wokugoma ungashintsha unyaka nonyaka ukulwa nalezi zinguqulo ezahlukene. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi uthole umuthi wokugoma omusha njalo ngonyaka. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemishanguzo yemfuluwenza:
- Umkhuhlane wesifo usuhlobo lwegciwane lesifo esingasebenzi (esingabukho). Inikwe umjovo (inaliti). Amagama ebhuloho wokudubula komkhuhlane afaka i-Fluzone, FluLaval, Flucelvax, Fluvirin, Afluria, ne-Fluarix.
- I-spray yamapulisi iyinhlobo ephilayo, ehlushwa (ebuthakathaka) yegciwane lesifo somkhuhlane esinikezwa nge-intranasally (ngekhala lakho). I-spray nasalwaziwa nangokuthi i-FluMist.
Njengoba umuthi wokugoma osesiswini ungumuthi ophilayo, awukwazi ukunikezwa wonke umuntu. I-FluMist yamazinyo akufanele ihanjiswe kulabo aba:
- Ngaphansi kweminyaka emibili.
- Ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-50.
- Ukukhulelwa.
- Yenza isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela (esincane) esikhathele.
- Yiba nezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezingababeka engozini enkulu yokudala izinkinga ezinkulu ezivela emkhuhlane.
Kunalokho, khuluma nodokotela wakho bese ukhetha ukuguqulwa komkhuhlane.
Ukuphepha
E-United States, i-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) kanye ne-American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) bancoma ukuguqulwa komkhuhlane wonkana wonke umuntu oneminyaka engaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha.Le ncomo ihlanganisa abesifazane abakhulelwe nabesifazane abancelisayo .
Umuthi wokugoma wegciwane uthathwa njengokukhetha okuphephile kokugoma ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa. Uma ingane yakho ineminyaka eyisithupha ubudala noma ngaphezulu, udokotela wezingane angancoma ukuthi baphonywe ngokumelene nomkhuhlane, futhi.
Uma ingane yakho ingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala, akufanele ibe nokugoma komkhuhlane ngoba ayivunyelwe izinsana ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala. Kodwa-ke, uma uthola isifo sofuba ngenkathi ukhulelwe noma nje ngemuva kokuba ingane yakho izalwe, izosasiza ingane yakho esanda kuzalwa noma encane. Ubisi lwebele lwakho lugcwele ama-antibodies okuzivikela kanye nezakhiwo zokuzivikela nge-immune . Lezi zindawo ezivikelayo zidlula ubisi lwakho lwebele kanye nengane yakho ukumsiza ukuba alwe nokugula nezifo.
Kunemibono ehlukene mayelana nokuphepha komzimba ophilayo, kodwa obuthakathaka, obuthakathaka. Ngisho noma abesifazane abakhulelwe bengafanele bathole ukugonywa kwe-nasal spray, i-CDC ithi iphephile ekunceliseni abantwana besifazane abanempilo nangaphansi kweminyaka engama-50.
Kodwa-ke, ulwazi oluhlinzekwe kwi-package ye-FluMist vacal vacray vaccine luthi akukho ulwazi olwanele lokukwazi ukuthi umgomo ophephile uzowusebenzisa kanjani ngesikhathi sokuncelisa. Ithi futhi ukuthi aziwa ukuthi ingakanani igciwane eliphilayo emcimbini, uma likhona, lizodlula ubisi lwebele.
Ngenkathi ingozi yangempela cishe encane, kunezinye imithombo ezingabonisi uketshezi olusenyakatho lokuncelisa abantwana besifazane. Ngakho-ke, uma sekuyisikhathi sokwenza isinqumo sakho, qiniseka ukuthi uxoxisane ngezinzuzo nezingozi zenhlobo ngayinye yokugoma nodokotela wakho.
Ukuthola Vaccinated
Isinqumo sokuthi ungagonywa yini ngenxa yesifo somkhuhlane singakapheli. Ukhuhlane luphephile. Kodwa akuyona ukugoma okudingekayo, futhi akukuvikeli kuzo zonke izinkinga zesifo sofuba. Ngisho noma uthola umuthi wokugoma, ungase ushone nomkhuhlane.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukudubula komkhuhlane kungakusiza ukuvikela wena, umndeni wakho nomphakathi wakho kusuka ekukhuleni komkhuhlane.
Uma unenkinga enzima okwenza lesi sinqumo, futhi ungaqiniseki ukuthi yini okufanele ukwenze, cabanga ngezimo zakho bese uxoxisana nodokotela nodokotela wengane yakho.
Imithombo:
Ikomidi laseMelika lePediatrics of Infectious Diseases. Isitatimende senqubomgomo. Izincomo ze-Prevention and Control of Influenza Ezinganeni. I-Pediatrics; I-Vol. 136 No. 4 Okthoba 1, 2015: 792 -808
Izikhungo zokuLawula nokuvimbela izifo. Umkhuhlane (Umkhuhlane). UMnyango WezeMpilo waseMelika kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu. 2015.
I-FluMist Quadrivalent Spran Spray. Iphakheji Faka. I-MedImmune: Gaithersburg, MD; 2015.
UHale, uThomas W., noRowe, uHilary E. Imithi kanye noMama Wabamama: Incwadi Yomthetho Wokuziphendulela Wezobuchwepheshe. Ukushicilelwa kwe-Hale. 2014.
Riordan, J., noWambach, K. Ukuncelisa nokuBambisana kweBantu okuBambisana. UJones noBartlett Ukufunda. 2014.