Indlela ubudlelwano bomzali nabantwana obungathinta ngayo umkhuhlane wezingane
Akumangazi ukuthi ubuhlobo bomzali nabantwana obuvame ukugcwala ukungqubuzana noma ukunganaki kungaba nomthelela omubi ezinganeni zomzwelo noma ezingqondweni; kodwa wazi ukuthi isitayela sokubeletha singase sibe nomthelela empilweni yengane yengane? Ukucwaninga okuthakazelisayo kuye kwabonisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwendlela umzali asebenzisana ngayo nengane nezinguquko zomzimba ezinganeni.
Ucwaningo olulodwa, olwanyatheliswa kuyi- Journal of Family Psychology ngoNovemba, 2016, luhlolisise ukuxhumana phakathi kwezindlela zokubeletha nokuvuvukala nokusebenza komzimba kubantwana, okuyizinto eziyingozi zokugula kamuva. Bathola ukuthi isitayela esisodwa sokubeletha esiphezulu esikalini esincane sokuqapha izingane, okubizwa ngezinye izikhathi ngokuthi "ukubeletha okungenakuvuswa" (angazi ukuthi izingane ziphi noma ukuthi zenzani; hhayi ukuyala; ukungabonisi ukufudumala noma ukubandakanyeka empilweni yabantwana) yayihlotshaniswa nokusebenza okuphezulu kwamasosha omzimba.
Yiziphi Izitayela Zomzali?
Izinhlobo ezine eziyisisekelo zokwenza umzali ezichazwe izazi ze-psychologists ziyizombusazwe, zivumela, zigunyaziwe futhi zingavunyelwe.
- Isigunyazo: Abazali abavame ukufuna ukulalela okuqinile futhi abachazi imithetho yabo noma izinqumo zabo ezinganeni futhi bajezise izingane ngaphandle kokubonisa imfudumalo enkulu noma ukusekelwa yiziphathimandla. Izingane ezakhula nabazali bezigunyazi zingase zamesabe izimo ezintsha futhi zithwale ukuzithoba , ukucindezeleka.
- I-Permissive: Abazali abakhululekile abavumi ukuyala, ukuphoqa imithetho, ukubeka imingcele noma ukulawula ukuziphatha kwezingane zabo. Izingane ezinabantwana abavunyelwe ukuvotela i-permissive zivame ukungacabangeli futhi zinganaki imithetho nemingcele, zihlukumeza futhi zibhekane nengozi ephezulu yokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa. Zisengozini enkulu yokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka .
- Ukugunyazwa: Ngokuyinhloko yizo zombili zomhlaba, lolu hlobo lokubeletha lubandakanya abazali ababeka imithetho nemingcele futhi banikeze imiphumela yezingane uma bengalandeli. Kodwa abazali abagunyazayo nabo basabela emoyeni futhi bafudumele, futhi benza umkhuba wokulalela nokukhuluma nezingane zabo. Izingane abazali abazisebenzisa ngale ndlela yokubeletha zivame ukukhula ngempilo engokomzwelo engcono, amakhono omphakathi, nokuzimelela, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi banamathele okunamathiselwe nabazali babo.
- Awuvaliwe: Abazali abangavumi ukuvame ukuxhumana noma ukubandakanyeka nezingane zabo. Awufudumala futhi aphendule izidingo zezingane, futhi ungakhathaleli kakhulu ukuqondisa noma ukuyala izingane . Ukubeletha okungavumelekile kuholela ekutheni kube nemiphumela emibi kakhulu yabantwana, nezingane eziqeda ukukhishwa ngokomzwelo, ukukhathazeka , futhi engozini enkulu yokuziphatha okuyingozi kanye nokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa.
I-Link Between System Immune ne-Parenting Style
Ukuze uphenye umphumela wezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokubeletha ezinganeni zezingane, abacwaningi eYunivesithi yase-Oregon bahlola amasampuli amathoyizi abantwana abangu-102 abaneminyaka yobudala engama-9 abafuna ukulinganisa amazinga weprotheyini esebenzayo e-C, eyenza ukuvuvukala okujwayelekile emzimbeni, kanye ne-secretory immunoglobulin A, eyenza ukusebenza kwamasosha omzimba kusebenze.
Bacela abazali bezingane ukuba baqedele i-Alabama Parenting Questionnaire, ebeka izici ezinhlanu zesitayela sokubeletha: ukubandakanyeka okuhle kwabazali, amasu okuziphatha okuhle, ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kwezindlela zokuziphatha ezinhle, ukusetshenziswa kwezijeziso zomuntu, nokuqapha nokuphathwa. Imiphumela yacaca: Izibalo eziphezulu ezingeni eliphansi lokuqapha kwabazali zazixhunyaniswe namazinga aphezulu kokubili ukuvuvukala nokusebenza kwamagciwane emantwaneni.
Yini engasemva kwalesi sixhumanisi? Isizathu esisodwa singaba ukuthi abazali bacela izingane ukuba ziphathe ngokweqile ezingaphezu kwamakhono abo, kusho ukutadisha uNobhala B.
U-Allen, PhD, uprofesa wezokwelapha kwengqondo e-University of Oregon. Asikhulumi ngezibonelo ze-helicopter zokubeletha izingane zokubeletha u-amok njengabazali be-college-age kids abasha abaprofesa ukuba baphikisane ngamabanga; kodwa hhayi ukuqondisa izingane ezineminyaka engu-9 kuze kube yilapho abazali bengazi ukuthi bangabangani babo noma yini abakwenzayo akugcini nje ukuvula ingane kuze kube yizingozi ezingase zibe khona kanye nokukhetha okubi, kodwa kubangele baphinde bacindezeleke. Futhi lolu hlobo lokucindezeleka okungapheli lungaba nzima empilweni yengane. "Uma kunezinambuzane, ukusebenza komzimba wokuzivikela komzimba kuhle," kusho uDkt. Allen. "Kodwa ukuvuselela okungapheli akuyona into enhle."
Isitayela Somzali Okungcono Impilo Yabantwana
Njengezinto eziningi kakhulu ekubeletsheni nasekuphileni, ukulinganisela kuyisihluthulelo. Uhlobo lwezinkinga zokubeletha nokuzibandakanya ngokweqile kungabantwana ngoba izingane zidinga ukuzama ukuzimela ngokuzimele, kusho uDkt. Allen. Kodwa ukuhoxiswa ukukhulisa izingane, lapho abazali bengabandakanyeki empilweni yabantwana futhi abangenalo isibopho esiqinile nengane yabo kusobala ukuthi akulungile ukuthuthukiswa kwengqondo, kwengqondo noma ngisho nangokwenyama .
Isitayela sokubeletha esingcono kakhulu empilweni yezingane yilawo ahamba phambili kakhulu, futhi ivumela ukuzimela futhi inikeza ukunakekelwa, kusho uDkt. Allen. "Ufuna ukusakaza-okwesikhashana uhlinzeke ukwesekwa ngenkathi ingane isakha futhi ithuthuka kodwa kancane kancane uyisuse."