Ubisi lwebele lomuntu luyisimungulu esimangalisayo. Kunomsoco, kududuza, futhi kusiza ukuvikela izinsana nezinsana kusuka ekutheleleni kanye nezifo . It ishintsha usuku nosuku nokuhamba kwesikhathi ukulungisa izidingo zengane, ngisho nalapho ingane igula. Ngokuqinisekile ubisi lwebele lungukudla okumnandi kwengane yomuntu . Futhi, ngenkathi bezama, ososayensi abakwazi ukukuphinda baphinde baphinde baphendule ebhokisatri.
Akukho nje okulingana nomuntu okwenziwe. Umama kuphela ongakunikeza ingane yakhe. Nakhu ukuthi umzimba wakho wenza ubisi lwebele.
Izingxenye Zokusebenza Kwamanzi
Izakhiwo ezenza isifuba sezinsikazi zivikela, zikhiqize futhi zihambise ubisi lwebele. Uma ucabanga ngokuncelisa , ungase uzibuze ukuthi konke kusebenza kanjani. Kungaba lula ukuqonda uma wazi ngazo zonke izingxenye ezisebenza ndawonye ukwenza kwenzeke lokhu.
Ngaphandle, isikhumba sizungeze isifuba. I- areola yinkimbinkimbi emnyama noma indawo yama-oval esibelethweni, futhi i-ingono iyaphuma kusukela phakathi kwe-areola. Lapho ingane ivulela isifuba ukuze isuse ubisi lwebele, yonke ingono nayo yonke noma ingxenye ye-areola ithathwa emlonyeni. Kunamabhomu amancane ku-asola okuthiwa ama- glands aseMontgomery . Izithobezi zaseMontgomery zikhiqiza amafutha ahlanzekile futhi aphucule ama-nipples kanye ne-areola.
Ngaphakathi kwebele elivuthiwe:
- Izicubu ze-Adipose yizicubu ezinamafutha ezivikela futhi zivikela isifuba.
- Izicubu ezixhumene nezigulane zinikeza ukusekelwa amabele.
- Izicubu ezinamahloni yizicubu zokwenza ubisi. Iqukethe amakhekhe ebisi kanye ne-alveoli.
- I-Alveoli yizinhlobo ezincane zamagilebhisi noma ama-milk glands enza ubisi lwebele.
- Amathanga ebisi athatha ubisi lwebele kusukela lapho lwenziwa khona e-alveoli, ngokusebenzisa isifuba, naphuma kumntwana.
- Amangqamuzana amisipha omzimba okuthiwa ama-myoepithelial cells azungeze izinhlayiya ze-alveolar kanye namathayi ebisi. Uma bethola isivumelwano, bafake ubisi ngaphandle kwezingqimba zokwenza ubisi nasemidayeni.
- Amagundane avela ku-nipple ne-areola athumela isibonakaliso ebuchosheni ukukhuthaza ukukhululwa ubisi lwebele nokukhiqizwa ubisi obengeziwe.
Indlela Ubisi Ubisi Oyenziwa Ngayo
Umzimba wesifazane uyamangalisa. Akukona nje kuphela ukuthi kungakhula omunye umuntu, kodwa futhi kunganikeza konke ukudla okumele ingane ikhule futhi ithuthukise. Ukulungiselela ukukhiqizwa ubisi lwebele kuqala ngisho nangaphambi kokuba owesifazane azalwe futhi aqhubeke nokukhulelwa nokukhulelwa. Lapho ukukhiqizwa okugcwele kwenzeka ngemva kokuzalwa kwengane, kungenziwa izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka.
Isiqalo
Lapho uzalwa, unayo zonke izingxenye zesifuba ukuthi ekugcineni uzodinga ukwenza ubisi lwebele, kodwa azange zenziwe. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, izinguquko ze-hormone zibangela ukuba amabele akhule futhi izicubu zokwenza ubisi ziqale ukuthuthukisa. Inyanga ngayinye emva kokuvuthwa kwegazi, ungabona ukwanda kwesayizi nobubele besifuba sakho njengoba umzimba wakho nezibeletho zakho ziqala ukulungiselela ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa. Uma kungabikho ukukhulelwa, ukugcwala nokuthethelela kwehlisa, futhi ukuphindaphinda umjikelezo.
Kodwa, uma kukhulelwa kwenzeka, amabele aqhubeka ekhula futhi athuthukise ukuze alungiselele i-lactation.
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa kwakho , amabele akho asevele eshintsha . Eqinisweni, lezi zinguquko ezincane zingase zibe yizibonakaliso zokuqala ozibonayo eziholela ekutheni uhlole ukukhulelwa. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, amabele aphelele ngokugcwele. Ngesikhathi uthola ukuthi ukhulelwe, umzimba wakho usendleleni ekulungiselela ukukhiqizwa ubisi lwebele. I-hormone isrogen ne-progesterone ibangela amathanga ebisi nobisi okwenza ubisi ukukhula nokwandisa ngenombolo. Amabele akhula ngesayizi. Kukhona ukugeleza kwegazi okuningi emabeleni ukuze imithanjeni ibonakale kakhulu.
Ama-nipples kanye ne-areola ziba mnyama futhi zikhulu. Izithobezi zaseMontgomery ziba zikhulu futhi zibukeka njengezingxube ezincane kwi-areola.
Phakathi ne-trimester yesibili, cishe ngesonto leshumi nesithupha, umzimba wakho uqala ukukhiqiza ubisi lwebele lokuqala olubizwa ngokuthi i-colostrum . Ungase uqale nokubona amaconsi amancane omhlophe noma ahlanzekile omswakaliso onsipho yakho. Uma ingane yakho ifika ekuseni, umzimba wakho wawuzokwazi ukwenza ubisi lwebele. Lesi sigaba sokukhiqiza ubisi sabizwa ngokuthi i-lactogenesis I. Iphela kusukela ngesonto lama-16 lokukhulelwa kuze kube sekupheleni kwesithathu noma kwesithathu emva kokubeletha.
Ngokushesha emva kokuzalwa komntwana wakho
Uma ingane yakho izalwa futhi i-placenta iphuma emzimbeni, ama-estrogen namazinga we-progesterone awela futhi i-hormone prolactin ikhuphuka. Lokhu kushintshwa kwe-hormonal ngokuzumayo kubonisa ukwanda ekukhiqizeni ubisi lwebele. Ingane yakho izothola inani elincani le-colostrum oqale ukuyenza ngesikhathi ukhulelwe ngosuku lokuqala noma amabili, kodwa emva kwalokho uzoqala ukubonakala ukwanda kwesibisi sebele esigcwalisa amabele akho . Lesi sigaba sokukhiqiza ubisi kubizwa ngokuthi i-lactogenesis II. Ihlala kusukela osukwini lwesibili noma lwesithathu emva kokuhamba kwesikhathi kuze kube ngosuku lwesishiyagalombili.
Ukulondoloza Ukukhiqizwa Kwebisi Lesisu
Ekuqaleni, umzimba wenza ubisi lwebele ngokuzenzakalelayo noma ufuna ukubeletha noma cha. Kodwa, emva kweviki lokuqala noma kunjalo, ukukhululwa kwamahomoni okwenza ubisi nokuqhubeka kokukhiqizwa ubisi lwebele kuncike ekunikezeni kanye nokufunwa. Uma ufuna ukusungula nokugcina ubunikazi obunempilo kwengane yakho , kufanele uncelise noma upompe njalo.
Ukuncelisa ukubeletha okuvame ukuvuselela izinzwa ezithombeni ukuze uthumele umlayezo emgodini we-pituitary ebuchosheni bakho. I-pituitary gland ikhipha ama-hormone prolactin ne-oxytocin. I-prolactin isitshela izinhlayiya zokwenza ubisi esifubeni sakho ukwenza ubisi lwebele. I-Oxytocin isayina i-reflex ye-down-down ukukhulula ubisi. Kubangela ukuba i-alveoli ivumelane futhi ifinyelele ubisi lwebele ngaphakathi emathangeni obisi. Ubisi ke bususwe ngumntwana noma ipompo lebele. Uma uncelisa njalo amahora amathathu (okungenani izikhathi eziyisishiyagalombili kuya kwezingu-12 ngosuku), uzosusa amabele akho, ugcine amazinga wakho weprolactin up, futhi uvuselele ukukhiqizwa ubisi ukuze uqhubeke. Lesi sigaba sokukhiqiza ubisi olugcwele siqala cishe ngosuku lwesishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalolunye kuze kube sekupheleni kokuncelisa . Ibizwa ngokuthi i-galactopoiesis noma i-lactogenesis III.
Indlela Yokumisa Ukukhiqizwa Kwe-Breast Milk
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhethe noma ukhethe ukubeletha, umzimba wakho namabele akho kuzobe usulungele ukwenza ubisi lwebele ingane yakho. Uma wenza ibele, uzokwenza ubisi lwebele kuze kube yilapho unquma ukunquma. Njengoba ingane yakho ibeletha kancane kancane, umzimba wakho uzothola umlayezo wokwenza ubisi oluncane lwebele. Uma ungalusisi , uzobe wenza ubisi lwebele ngemva kokuba ingane yakho izalwe. Kodwa-ke, uma ungafaki ingane enceleni noma uphonsa ubisi lwebele, umzimba wakho uzoyeka kancane ukwenza ubisi. Noma ngabe yikuphi, kungenzeka usaqhubeka nokuvuza futhi uqhubeke ukhiqiza inani elincane lobisi lwebele okwesikhashana njengoba usomile. Khona-ke, izicubu ze-glandular zizokwehla, futhi isifuba sizobuyela esimweni saso sokukhulelwa. Lesi sigaba se-lactation sibizwa ngokuthi i-involution.
Ukuthi Ubuningi Bomzimba buyathinta kanjani Ukukhiqizwa Kwamanzi
Inani lamathambo amafutha esiswini sakho sinquma isayizi sakho sesifuba, hhayi inani lezincubu ezigulisayo. Abesifazane abanezikhumba ezinamaqanda amaningi kunamaqhawe anamabele amancane , kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi banesisindo esikhulu sokwenza ubisi. Cishe bonke abesifazane banezicubu ezanele zokukhiqiza ubisi zokwakha nokugcina ubisi oluncelisayo lwebele lwengane. Ngakho-ke, ubukhulu bamabele akho abukhathazi ngempela. Uma unamabele amancane, ukukhathazeka kuphela ukuthi bangakwazi ukugcina ubisi oluningi njengamabele amancane. Ngakho-ke, ingane yakho ingathola ubisi obuncane lapho ukondla ngamunye okwenza kubalulekile ukubeletha kaningi.
Ukwenza Ubisi Ubisi Ngaphandle kokukhulelwa
Uma wakha umndeni wakho ngokutholwa noma ukusetshenziswa komuntu ongenakho, ungase ufune ukuzama ukuncelisa. Ukwakha ubisi lwebele ngaphandle kokuhamba ngokukhulelwa kubizwa ngokuthi i-lactation ekhishwe. Ungakwenza, kodwa kudinga ukuzinikezela nokulungiswa kusengaphambili. Iqala ngezinyanga zezinqubo zokuthola imithi ngaphambi kokuba ingane ifike. Amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha nge progesterone ne-estrogen afanisa ama-hormone wokukhulelwa futhi akhuthaze ukukhula kwezicubu zesifuba.
Imithi ethile noma ama- herbs enza njenge- galactogogues ayengezwa ukwandisa amazinga e-prolactin. Khona-ke, amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba ingane ifike, kufanele uqale ukupompa isifuba ukuze unikeze ukuvuselelwa kwebele kanye nokususwa okuvamile kobisi lwebele. I-lactation ekhishiwe isebenza kwabanye besifazane, kodwa hhayi bonke. Ngisho nalapho le protocol ilandelwa ngokunembile, abanye besifazane abakwazi ukwenza ubisi lwebele olwanele ingane yabo futhi kungadingeka ukuthi bayengeze.
I-Galactorrhea
I-Galactorrhea yikhiqiza ubisi lwebele olungahlobene nokukhulelwa nokuncelisa. Iveza ukukhukhulwa kwamathambo okuvela emanzini. I-Galactorrhea ayithinti kuphela abesifazane; Kungenzeka futhi emadodeni, emasana nasezingane. Amazinga aphezulu weprolactin ahlotshaniswa ne-galactorrhea, kodwa futhi kubonakala ngaphandle kwamazinga aphezulu e-prolactin. Kungabangela imithi ethile, i-hypothyroidism, isifo sezinso, ukuvuselelwa kwebele, ukukhulelwa, isisu esingenalo umdlavuza ebuchosheni, noma esinye isizathu. Ukwelashwa kwe-galactorrhea kuxhomeke ekubambeni, ngakho-ke uma ukhiqiza ukukhishwa okumbi emathunjini akho, bheka udokotela wakho.
> Imithombo:
> I-Academy ye-Breastfeeding Medicine Protocol Committee. I-ABM ye-clinical protocol # 9: ukusetshenziswa kwe-galactogogues ekuqaliseni noma ekwandiseni izinga lokuvinjelwa ubisi lwebele (Okokuqala kubuyekezwa ngoJanuwari 2011). Imithi yokwelashwa. 2011 Febhuwari 1; 6 (1): 41-9.
> Hassiotou F, Geddes D. I-Anatomy ye-gland yambrane: Isimo samanje solwazi. Anatomy Clinic. 2013 Januwari 1; 26 (1): 29-48.
> Huang W, Molitch ME. Ukuhlola nokuphathwa kwe-galactorrhea. I-American Family Physician. 2012 Juni 1; 85 (11).
> Newman J, Pitman T. UDkt Jack Newman's Guide Yokuncelisa Ukubeletha. Ama-Collins; 2014.
> Wambach K, Riordan J, abahleli. Ukuncelisa ukubeletha nokusebenzisa abantu. UJones & Bartlett Abashicileli; 2014 Agasti 15.